1.

SUM() — Total Sales

Sales (₹)
1200
1800
1500
2000
1300

Result 7800

2. AVERAGE() — Average ROI

ROI (%)
10
12
8
15
11

Result 11.2

3. COUNT() — Count of Numbers

Data
45
"Text"
68
72
"Hello"

Result 3

4. COUNTA() — Count of Non-Empty Cells

Data
45
"Text"

72
"Hello"
Result 4

5. MAX() — Highest Marks

Marks
65
88
72
91
85

Result 91

6. MIN() — Lowest Price

Price (₹)
230
180
250
300
200

Result 180

7. IF() — Pass/Fail

Student
Aarti
Rahul
Neha
Arjun
Meera

Result Fail

8. AND() — Loan Eligibility

Age
22
19
28
 24
30

Result TRUE

9. OR() — Offer Eligibility

Purchases
3
1
0
5
0

Result TRUE

10. PMT() — EMI Calculation

Loan
₹ 100,000.00

Result ₹ 2,124.70
 11. FV() — Future Value

Monthly SIP (₹)

1000

Result ₹ 12,565.57

12. PV() — Present Value

=SUM(C6:C10)
Future Value (₹)
10,000

Result ₹ 9,673.23

13. NPV() — Net Present Value

Year
1
2
=AVERAGE(C18:C22) 3
4
5

Result ₹ 13,480.95

14. IRR() — Internal Rate of Return

Year
0
1
=COUNT(C30:C34) 2
3
4

Result 25%

15. ROUND()

Value
12.6789
 =COUNTA(C42:C46) Result 12.68

16. ABS()

Number
-4500
3200
-700

Result 4500

=MAX(C54:C58)
17. POWER()

Base
2

Result 8

18. SQRT()

Number
=MIN(C66:C70) 49
81
16

Result 7
Marks
78
52 19. RANK()
89
45 Marks
66 90
75
=IF(D81>=60,"Pass","Fail") 85
60
95

Result 2
Credit Score
750
680 20. PERCENTILE()
800
 620 Returns (%)
700 5
10
=AND(C90>=21,D90>=700) 15
20
25
30

Referral Result 25
0
1
0
0
1

=OR(C102>=2,D102=1)

Interest Tenure
10% 5 Years

=PMT(D114/12,60,-100000)
 21. AVERAGEIF()

Period (Months) Rate Category

12 10% Online
Offline
=FV(I6/12,12,-1000,0,0) Online
Offline
Online

Result 2500
Rate Periods
8% 5
22. SUMIF()
=PV(H14/12,5,0,-10000)
Product
A
B
A
Cash Flow (₹) B
2,000 A
3,000
4,000 Result 2100
4,500
5,000
23. VLOOKUP()
=NPV(10%,H22:H26)
ID
101
102
103
Cash Flow (₹)
-10,000 Result 70
3,000
4,000
5,000 24. HLOOKUP()
6,000

=IRR(H34:H38) 1
2

Result 85

25. INDEX()
 =ROUND(G46,2) Product
A
B
C
D
E

Result 300

=ABS(G54) 26. MATCH()

Names
Aarti
Rahul
Exponent Neha
3 Arjun
Meera
=POWER(G64,H64)
Result 2

27. CONCAT()

First
Pooja
Amit

=SQRT(G72) Result PoojaMehta

28. TEXT()

Value
1234.56

Result ₹1,234.56

29. TODAY()
=RANK(G82,G82:G86)
Result 11/10/2025

30. IFERROR()
 Value 1
10
5
8

Result Error in calculation

=PERCENTILE(G94:G99,0.8)
 Sales (₹)
2000
1500
3000
1000
2500

=AVERAGEIF(L6:L10,"Online",M6:M10)

Sales (₹)
500
800
700
600
900

=SUMIF(L18:L22,"A",M18:M22)

Name Marks
Aarti 80
Rahul 70
Neha 90

=VLOOKUP(102,L30:N32,3,)

A B C D
ID 101 102 103
Marks 85 70 90
 Price (₹)
100
200
300
400
500

=INDEX(M49:M53,3)

=MATCH("Rahul",L61:L65,0)

Last
Mehta
Singh

=_xlfn.CONCAT(L73,M73)

=TEXT(L82,"₹#,##0.00")

=TODAY()
 Value 2
2
0
4

=IFERROR(L96/M96,"Error in calculation")
 Present Valu

Scenario:

You expect to receive ₹50,000 after 5 years, and the annual interest rate
You want to find out how much that future ₹50,000 is worth today

Detail Value
Future
₹ 50,000 Result ₹ -31,046.07
Value (FV)
Years
5
(nper)
Interest
Rate 10%
(rate)
Payment
0
(pmt)

Future Value

Scenario:

You plan to invest ₹5,000 every month for 3 years at an interest rate of
You want to know how much you’ll have at the end.

Detail Value
Monthly
Investme ₹ 5,000 Result ₹ -215,384.39
nt (pmt)
Months
36
(nper)
Monthly
Interest
1%
Rate
(rate)
 Present
₹0
Value (pv)
 Present Value (PV) Example
=PV(rate, nper, pmt, [fv], [type])

d the annual interest rate (discount rate) is 10%.

0,000 is worth today.

Future Value (FV) Example

=FV(rate, nper, pmt, [pv], [type])

at an interest rate of 12% per annum (1% per month).

 Given:
Costs:
Fixed
Variable Revenue
Full Price
Reduced Price
 NCAA T shirt

Case 1 Case 2
Number of shirts ordred: 1450 1650
$ 750.00 Demand: 1500 1500
$ 8.00 Number of shirts sold(FP): 1450 1500
$ 18.00 Number of shirts sold(RP): 0 150
$ 6.00
Total Cost: $ 12,350.00 $ 13,950.00
Total Revenue: $ 26,100.00 $ 27,900.00
Total Profit: $ 13,750.00 $ 13,950.00
45962
Task
Task ID Start Date
45996 Name
Topic
1 1-Nov-25
Selection
Literature
2 4-Nov-25
Review
Data
3 9-Nov-25
Collection
Data
4 16-Nov-25
Analysis
Draft
Report
5 22-Nov-25
Preparati
on

Review &
6 27-Nov-25
Feedback

Final
Report
7 30-Nov-25
Submissio
n
Presentati
on
8 3-Dec-25
Preparati
on
 Gant [Link] Solutions

Duration 1-Nov-25 6-Nov-25 11-Nov-25 16-Nov-25 21-Nov-25

End Date
(Days)
Topic Selection
3-Nov-25 3
Literature Review
8-Nov-25 5
Data Collection

15-Nov-25 7
Data Analysis

21-Nov-25 6
Draft Report Preparation

Review & Feedback

26-Nov-25 5

Final Report Submission

29-Nov-25 3 Presentation Preparation

2-Dec-25 3

5-Dec-25 3
26-Nov-25 1-Dec-25
 Anscombe’s Quart
x₁ y₁ x₂ y₂ x₃ y₃ x₄ y₄
10 8.04 10 9.14 10 7.46 8 6.58
8 6.95 8 8.14 8 6.77 8 5.76
13 7.58 13 8.74 13 12.74 8 7.71
9 8.81 9 8.77 9 7.11 8 8.84
11 8.33 11 9.26 11 7.81 8 8.47
14 9.96 14 8.1 14 8.84 8 7.04

Y1
6 7.24 6 6.13 6 6.08 8 5.25
4 4.26 4 3.1 4 5.39 19 12.5
12 10.84 12 9.13 12 8.15 8 5.56
7 4.82 7 7.26 7 6.42 8 7.91
5 5.68 5 4.74 5 5.73 8 6.89

X2
Y3
Y4
mbe’s Quartet (mean, median, correlation)
Y1 vs X1 y = 0.5001x + 3.0001
12

10

8
Mean 8.250455
Median 8.02
Y1

6
Correlation 0.816421
4

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
X1

Y2 vs X2 y = 0.5x + 3.0009
12

10 Mean 8.250455
8 Median 8.44
Correlation 0.816237
X2

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
X2

Y3 vs X3 y = 0.4997x + 3.0025
14
12 Mean 8.25
10 Median 7.635
8 Correlation 0.816287
Y3

6
4
2
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
X3
 Y4 vs X4 y = 0.4999x + 3.0017
14
12
10
Mean 8.250455
Median 8
8
Correlation 0.816521
Y4

6
4
2
0
0 5 10 15 20
X4
=AVERAGE(B4:B14,C4:C14)
=MEDIAN(B4:B14,C4:C14)
=CORREL(B4:B14,C4:C14)

=AVERAGE(D4:D14,E4:E14)
=MEDIAN(D4:D14,E4:E14)
=CORREL(D4:D14,E4:E14)

=AVERAGE(F4:F14,G4:G14)
=MEDIAN(F4:F14,G4:G14)
=CORREL(F4:F14,G4:G14)
=AVERAGE(H4:H14,I4:I14)
=MEDIAN(H4:H14,I4:I14)
=CORREL(H4:H14,I4:I14)
 Reliance Data, charts, tren
EQY_WEIGHTED_AVG_PX
PX_LAST SALES_REV_TURN
IS_INC_BEF_XO_ITEM
228.2222 228.91 2739990 298610
243.5719 244.21 3053820 298330
417.007 415.61 3916770 360800
506.424 505.95 5692090 398370
688.2327 683.19 5975350 398800
909.0736 904.33 4669240 537390
1079.826 1078.72 6959630 695060
1166.008 1160.28 8778350 745060
1294.663 1292.47 9010640 790200
1213.069 1215.45 9646930 813090

Average 774.6097 772.912 6044281 533571

Median 798.6532 793.76 5833720 468095
Maxima 1294.663 1292.47 9646930 813090
Minima 228.2222 228.91 2739990 298330

EQY_WEIGHTED_AVG_PX
1500 1500

1000 1000

500 500

0 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3

IS_INC_BEF_XO_ITEM TOTAL_INVESTE
900000 16000000
800000 14000000
700000 12000000
600000
10000000
500000
8000000
400000
6000000
300000
200000 4000000

100000 2000000
0 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2
 EQY_IND_DPS_ANNUAL_GROSS
6 6

5 5

4 4

3 3

2 2

1 1

0 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3

RETURN_CO
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
1 2 3
, charts, trend lines, regression equation
TOTAL_INVESTED_CAPITAL
RETURN_ON_INV_CAPITAL
EQY_IND_DPS_ANNUAL_GROSS
IS_DIV_PER_SHR
OPER_ROERETURN_COM_EQY
4361610 7.8215 2.4765 2.6004 18.7497 13.2184
4844340 7.1219 2.6004 2.7242 17.7646 12.0747
5403520 8.1802 2.7242 2.9718 20.6093 12.9483
7281180 8.1454 2.9718 3.2195 21.0453 11.633
8575970 7.5037 3.2195 3.2195 19.0304 9.3651
10954480 5.7963 3.25 3.5 10.1285 8.5181
12196240 5.8803 3.5 4 10.8745 8.2053
12221630 6.5551 4 4.5 13.5112 8.9212
13433110 6.6723 4.5 5 15.0304 9.2253
14625800 6.1838 5 5.5 13.891 8.5109

9389788 6.98605 3.42424 3.72354 16.06349 10.26203

9765225 6.8971 3.23475 3.35975 16.3975 9.2952
14625800 8.1802 5 5.5 21.0453 13.2184
4361610 5.7963 2.4765 2.6004 10.1285 8.2053

PX_LAST SALES_REV_TURN
12000000
10000000
8000000
6000000
4000000
2000000
0
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

TOTAL_INVESTED_CAPITAL RETURN_ON_INV_CAPITAL
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
IS_DIV_PER_SHR OPER_ROE
25

20

15

10

0
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

RETURN_COM_EQY

4 5 6 7 8 9 10
9 10

10
9 10
 Wood Works
Costs Cherry Oak
Unit Cost € 5.50 € 4.30
Board Feet 30 30
Material Cost € 165.00 € 129.00

Labour Required 16 16
Labour Rate € 18.50 € 18.50
Labour Cost € 296.00 € 296.00

Total Cost € 461.00 € 425.00

Cost Increases 2.40% 1.70%

Year Cherry Oak

0 € 165.00 € 129.00
1 € 168.96 € 131.19
2 € 173.02 € 133.42
3 € 177.17 € 135.69
4 € 181.42 € 138.00
5 € 185.77 € 140.34
Wood Works Bookshelf Company Solutions
€ 600.00

€ 500.00

€ 400.00

€ 300.00

€ 200.00

1.50% € 100.00

Labour Total Cherry Total Oak €-

0 1 2 3
€ 296.00 € 461.00 € 425.00
€ 300.44 € 469.40 € 431.63 Cherry Oak Labour Total Cherry
€ 304.95 € 477.97 € 438.37
€ 309.52 € 486.69 € 445.21
€ 314.16 € 495.58 € 452.16
€ 318.88 € 504.65 € 459.22
 4 5

Total Cherry Total Oak

 Gopher Drugs S
Development Cost 9.3 Million
Lifetime 20 years
Year 1 Margin 1.2 million
Increase through Year 8
Rate of Increase 10%
Rate of Decrease 5%
Discount Rate 12%

(Net) Present Value $ 12.60

Development Cost $ 9.30
Net Present Value $ 3.30

Cash Flows
End of year Gross margins ($M)
1 $ 1.20
2 $ 1.32
3 $ 1.45
4 $ 1.60
5 $ 1.76
6 $ 1.93
7 $ 2.13
8 $ 2.34
9 $ 2.22
10 $ 2.11
11 $ 2.00
12 $ 1.90
13 $ 1.81
14 $ 1.72
15 $ 1.63
16 $ 1.55
17 $ 1.47
18 $ 1.40
19 $ 1.33
20 $ 1.26
pher Drugs Scenario Solutions
9.3 Million
20 years
1.2 million
8
10%
5%
12%

=NPV(J9,I18:J37)

=J11-J12

=I18+I18*$J$7
=I19+I19*$J$7
=I20+I20*$J$7
=I21+I21*$J$7
=I22+I22*$J$7
=I23+I23*$J$7
=I24+I24*$J$7
=I25-$J$8*I25
=I26-$J$8*I26
=I27-$J$8*I27
=I28-$J$8*I28
=I29-$J$8*I29
=I30-$J$8*I30
=I31-$J$8*I31
=I32-$J$8*I32
=I33-$J$8*I33
=I34-$J$8*I34
=I35-$J$8*I35
=I36-$J$8*I36
Respondent ID
R1
R2
R3
R4
R5
 Questionnaire

Travel & Leisure Habits

Number of Trips Taken (per year) Average Travel Budget (₹) Preferred Mode of Travel
2 15000 Train
5 45000 Flight
1 8000 Bus
3 20000 Car
4 30000 Flight
Stress Relief from Travel (1–5) Satisfaction with Leisure Activities (1–5)
4 5
5 4
3 3
4 4
5 5