Solution
SURFACE AREAS & VOLUMES + ARTC
Class 10 - Mathematics
Section A
1.
(d) 15.6 cm2
Explanation:
Perimeter of a sector of circle = + 2r
θ
∘ × 2πr
360
⇒ (
θ
∘
× 2π × 5.2) + (2 × 5.2) = 16.4
360
θ 16.4−10.4 6
⇒ ∘
π = =
360 10.4 10.4
Area of sector of circle =
θ 2
∘
× πr
360
= = 15.6 cm2
6 2
× (5.2)
10.4
2.
(c) 72o
Explanation:
Area of the sector = θ
360
∘ × πr
2
θ
5π = ∘ ×π ×5×5
360
∘
5π 360
⇒ θ = ×
π 5×5
⇒ θ = 72o
Hence, sector angle = 72o
3. (a) 3π cm2
Explanation:
In quadrilateral ABCD
∠ A + ∠B + ∠C + ∠D = 360o
∠A + 90o + 90o + 60o = 360o ⇒ ∠A = 120o
∘
Now, area of shaded region = 120
360
×π ×3
2
∘
= cm2
1
× π × 3 × 3 = 3π
3
4.
(d)
4 3
πa
3
Explanation:
∵ Spherical ball is inside the cubical box.
∴ diameter = 2a.
radius = a
Volume of sphere = 3 π r3
4
Volume of sphere = cubic units.
4 3
πr
3
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5.
(d) 1 : 2
Explanation:
2 r 1
2π r = πrl ⇒ =
l 2
6.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Area swept by minute hand in 5 minutes
= 360 × π r2 = 360 × 7 × 7 × 7
θ 30 22
= ... (Angle in 5 minutes by minute hand is 30o)
77 5
= 12 cm
6 6
Section B
7. Let r be the radius of a circle.
Circumference of a circle = 8 cm
Central angle = θ = 72∘
Now,
Circumference of a circle = 2πr
⇒ 88 = 2πr
22
⇒ 88 = 2 × ×r
7
88×7
⇒ r =
2×22
⇒ r = 14 cm
2
Area of the sector =
πr θ
∴
360
22 72 2
= ( × 14 × 14 × ) cm
7 360
= 123.2 cm2
8. Side of equilateral triangle = 20 m
Length of rope = 14 m
θ = 60o
2
Area grazed by horse = πr θ
360
∘
2 2
or 10267 m
∘
60 22 308
= ∘ × × 14 × 14 = m
360 7 3
2
–
Area of △ = or 173 m
√3×400
= 100√3
4
2
–
Required area = (100√3 − 10267) m2 or 70 ⋅ 33 m
9. According to the question,we have,
Number of plates = 50
Diameter of 1 plate = 14 cm
Therefore, Radius of 1 plate = 14
2
= 7 cm
Thickness of 1 plate = 0.5 cm
Then, height of cylinder so formed = 0.5 × 50 = 25 cm
Therefore, Total surface area of cylinder = 2πr(h + r)
22
= 2× × 7(25 + 7)
7
= 2 × 22 × 32
= 1408 cm2
10. If two cubes are joined end to end, we get a cuboid such that
l = Length of the resulting cuboid = 10 cm +10 cm = 20 cm
b = Breadth of the resulting cuboid = 10 cm
h = Height of the resulting cuboid = 10 cm
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∴ Surface area of the cuboid = 2 (lb + bh + Ih)
⇒ Surface area of the cuboid = 2(20 × 10 + 10 × 10 + 20 × 10)cm 2 = 1000 cm2
Section C
11. i. ∵ Diameter = 35 mm
∴ Radius =
35
mm
2
∴ Circum ference = 2πr
= 110mm ..... (1)
22 35
= 2× ×
7 2
Length of 5 diameters
= 35 × 5 = 175 mm ...... ( 2 )
∴ The total length of the silver wire required
= 110 + 175 = 285 mm
∘
ii. r =
35
mm, θ =
360
= 36
∘
2 10
∴ The area of each sector of the brooch
θ 2
= × πr
360
36 22 35 35 385 2
= × × × = mm
360 7 2 2 4
12.
Draw a perpendicular OV on chord ST. It will bisect the chord ST so that SV = VT
In triangle OVS,
OV
= cos 60°
OS
OV 1
=
14 2
OV = 7
√3
SV 0
= sin 60 =
SO 2
SV √3
=
14 2
–
SV = 7√3
– –
ST = 2SV = 2 × 7√3 = 14√3
Area of triangle OST = × ST
1
× OV
2
–
=
1
× 14√3 × 7
2
–
= 49√3 = 84.77 cm2
0
Area of sector OSUT =
120 2
× π(14)
0
360
= = 205.33 cm2
1 22
× × 196
3 7
=Area of segment SUT = Area of sector OSUT - Area of △OST
= 205.33 - 84.77 = 120.56 cm2
13.
− −−− −−−−−−
2 2
OB = √OA + A B
−−− −−−−−
2 2
= √20 + 20
−−− − −−−−
= √400 + 400
−−−
= √800
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−−−−−−
= √400 × 2
– –
OB = 20√2 cm or, radius = 20√2
Area of shaded region = Area of sector OQBPO - Area of square OABC
90
∘ – – 2
= ∘ × 3.14 × 20√2 ⋅ 20√2 − (20)
360
1
= × 3 ⋅ 14 × 800 − 400
4
= 2(314) − 400
= 628 − 400
= 228
Required Area = 228 cm2.
OR
Radius of sector, r = 36 cm
Area of sector = 54π cm
2
2
πr θ 2
∴ = 54π cm
360
∘
∴θ = 15
Length of arc= πrθ
180
36π×15
=
180
= 3π cm
Length of arc = 3π cm
14. Let O be the centre of the table cover and let it be divided into six equal designs,
∘
each being a segment. Let one of these segments be ACBA. Clearly, ∠AOB = ( 6 ) = 60°.
360
ar(segment ACBA) = ar(sector OACBO) - ar(equilateral △OAB)
2 √3
πr θ 2
= ( − a )
360 4
22 60 √3
2
= [( × 28 × 28 × )−( × 28 × 28)] cm [∵ a = OA = 28cm]
7 360 4
1232 17 2
= ( − × 7 × 28) cm
3 10
1232 1666 2
= ( − ) cm
3 5
(6160−4998)
2
= cm
15
1162 2
= cm
15
ar(all the six segment) = (
1162 2
× 6) cm
15
2324 2
= cm
5
Cost of designs = Rs(
2324 35
× )
5 100
= Rs162.28
15.
Radius of each of the cylinder and cone, r = 5 cm.
Height of each of the cylinder and cone, h = 12 cm.
Slant height of the cone.
−−−−−−−−
−− −−−−
2 2 2 2
l = √r + h = √5 + (12) cm
−−−
= √169 cm = 13cm
Volume of the remaining solid = volume of the cylinder - volume of the cone.
2 1 2 2 2
= πr h − πr h = πr h
3 3
2 3 3
= ( × 3.14 × 5 × 5 × 12) cm = 628cm
3
Total surface area of the remaining solid = curved surface area of the cylinder + curved surface area of
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the cone + area of the upper circular face of the cylinder
2
= 2πrh + πrl + π r = πr(2h + l + r)
= [3.14×5×(2×12+13 + 5)]cm2
16. Radius of the cone = 52.5m
Height of the cylinder = 3m
Slant height of the cone = 53m
Area of the canvas = curved surface area of cone + curved surface area of cylinder = 2π rh + π rl
22 22 2
= (2 × × 52.5 × 3 + × 52.5 × 53) m
7 7
22 2 2
= × 52.5(6 + 53) m = 9735m
7
17. Each coin is cylindrical in shape.
Radius of each coin, r = 2 cm = 0.75 cm.
1.5
Thickness of each coin, h = 0.2 cm.
Volume of each coin = (π r2 h) cubic units
=(π × 0.75 × 0.75 × 0.2) cm3
Radius of the new cylinder formed, R = cm = 2.25 cm.
4.5
Height of the new cylinder formed, H = 5 cm.
Volume of the new cylinder formed = π R2 H
=(π × 2.25 × 2.25 × 5) cm3
volume of new cylinder
Number of coins = ( )
volume of 1 coin
π×2.25×2.25×5
= ( )
π×0.75×0.75×0.2
= 225.
225×225×5×10
= ( )
75×75×2
Hence, the number of coins required = 225.
Section D
18. We have radius of cylinder = radius of cone = radius of hemisphere = 60 cm
Height of cone = 120 cm
∴ Height of cylindrical vessel = 120 + 60 =180 cm
∴ V = Volume of water that the cylinder contains = π r h = {π × (60) × 180} cm
2 2 3
Let V1 be the volume of the conical part. Then,
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1 2
V1 = π r h1
3
1 2 3 2 3
⇒ V1 = × π × 60 × 120cm = {π × 60 × 40} cm
3
For hemispherical part r = Radius = 60 cm
Let V2 be the volume of the hemisphere. Then,
2 3 3
V2 = { π × 60 } cm
3
2 3 2 3
⇒ V2 = {2π × 20 × 60 } cm = {40π ⋅ 60 } cm
Let V3 the the volume of the water left-out in the cylinder. Then,
V3= V - V1 - V2
2 2 2 3
V3 = {π × 60 × 180 − π × 60 × 40 − 40π × 60 } cm
2 3
V3 = π × 60 × {180 − 40 − 40}cm
22 3
V3 = × 3600 × 100cm
7
22×360000 3 22×360000 3 22×36 3 3
⇒ V3 = cm = 3
m = m = 1.1314m .
7 700
7×(100)
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