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Methods Bathymetry

The document outlines the development of a shallow water bathymetry product by the ASU team of the Allen Coral Atlas, utilizing a new automatic mapping method based on satellite imagery from Sentinel-2, Landsat-8, and Planet Dove. The bathymetry maps are created at a 10 m resolution and are derived from a clean mosaic of satellite images over 12 months, focusing on areas with low water turbidity. The resulting bathymetry products are available for download as GeoTIFF files, with support from various organizations including Vulcan Inc. and Arizona State University.

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5 views2 pages

Methods Bathymetry

The document outlines the development of a shallow water bathymetry product by the ASU team of the Allen Coral Atlas, utilizing a new automatic mapping method based on satellite imagery from Sentinel-2, Landsat-8, and Planet Dove. The bathymetry maps are created at a 10 m resolution and are derived from a clean mosaic of satellite images over 12 months, focusing on areas with low water turbidity. The resulting bathymetry products are available for download as GeoTIFF files, with support from various organizations including Vulcan Inc. and Arizona State University.

Uploaded by

itbabelsdkp
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Introduction

This bathymetry product was developed by the ASU team of the Allen Coral Atlas. Shallow
water bathymetry is mapped in centimeters. There are several steps in the data processing that
are outlined below.
Data Properties
The bathymetry maps are created at a resolution of 10 m using the Google Earth Engine (GEE)
Sentinel-2 surface reflectance dataset. Sentinel-2 satellite images with minimal cloud coverage
and turbid water over 12 months are selected. The input dataset is aggregated into a single
clean mosaic output using the median depth value over 12 months. In the area without sufficient
Sentinel-2 coverage, Landsat-8 and Planet Dove satellite images are used to derive depth and
produce a composite image from the 3 datasets.
Methods
We developed a new automatic bathymetry mapping method based on a previous single-scene
adaptive bathymetry algorithm (Li et al., 2019). Our algorithm was tailored to the clean water
mosaic built by GEE. We first calculated remote sensing reflectance 𝑅𝑟𝑠 from the mosaic
surface reflectance (ρ(𝜆)) as:
𝑅𝑟𝑠 (λ) = ρ(𝜆)/π (1)
Next, we derived below-surface remote sensing reflectance (𝑟𝑟𝑠 (λ)) from the 𝑅𝑟𝑠 (λ) to remove
the air-water surface effect:
𝑅 (𝜆)
𝑟𝑠
𝑟𝑟𝑠 (𝜆) = 0.52+1.7𝑅 (2)
𝑟𝑠 (𝜆)

We estimated shallow water bathymetry by quantifying different attenuation levels between the
blue and green bands as:
ln (1000∗𝑟 𝑏𝑙𝑢𝑒)
𝐷𝑒𝑝𝑡ℎ = 𝑚0 ln (1000∗𝑟 𝑟𝑠𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑛) − 𝑚1 (3)
𝑟𝑠

The bathymetry estimation parameters (𝑚0 and 𝑚1 ) were calculated using a Chlorophyll-a (Chl-
a) concentration value as a representative for clean offshore waters:
𝑚0 = 52.073 ∗ 𝑒 (0.957∗𝐶ℎ𝑙𝑎) (4)
𝑚1 = 50.156 ∗ 𝑒 (0.957∗𝐶ℎ𝑙𝑎) (5)
As noted previously, we only selected satellite images with low water turbidity to build the
mosaic. Also, given that the water mosaic values represent the median value over time (i.e., 12
months), we used a fixed Chl-a value to calculate 𝑚0 and 𝑚1 in our clean shallow water
mosaic. This Chl-a value is a mean value calculated from GEE outputted clean water mosiac in
26 sites globally.
Data Download
The bathymetry products are downloadable. Bathymetry maps show the satellite derived
bathymetry values where the bottom is visible in satellite images. The bathymetry image is
stored as a GeoTIFF file. Each pixel in the bathymetry image is represented by a 16-bit integer.
Acknowledgements

This project was supported by Vulcan Inc. Supercomputing was supported by Arizona State
University’s Knowledge Enterprise Development program. Project partners providing financial,
service and personnel include: Arizona State University, National Geographic, Planet Inc., and
University of Queensland.

References

Li, J., D.E. Knapp, S.R. Schill, C. Roelfsema, S. Phinn, M. Silman, J. Mascaro, and G.P. Asner*.
Adaptive bathymetry estimation for shallow coastal waters using Planet Dove satellites. Remote
Sensing of Environment, 232 (2019).

Li, J., D.E. Knapp, M. Lyons, C. Roelfsema, S. Phinn, S.R. Schill, G.P. Asner*. Automated
global coastal water bathymetry mapping using Google Earth Engine. (in review)

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