MATHEMATICS
PROJECT
Topic: Lines & Angles/ By: Sonam Patra ‘9c’
Definition of Line & Angles
PROJECT Types of Lines & Angles
OUTLINE Properties of lines and angles
Some Examples
Definition of Lines & Angles
InIngeometry,
geometry,lineslinesandandangles
anglesare arebasic
basicshapes
shapesthatthatare
aredefined
definedas asfollows:
follows:
Lines
Lines
AAline
lineisisaastraight,
straight,one-dimensional
one-dimensionalfigure figurethat
thatextends
extendsinfinitely
infinitelyininboth
bothdirections
directionsandand
has
hasno nowidth.
[Link]'s
It'smade
madeup upof ofan aninfinite
infinitenumber
numberof ofpoints
pointsthat
thatare
areclosely
closelyspaced
spaced
together.
together.
Angles
Angles
AnAnangle
angleisisformed
formedwhenwhentwo twolines,
lines,rays,
rays,or
orline
linesegments
segmentsmeet meetatataacommon
commonpoint
pointcalled
called
the
thevertex.
vertex.
Some
Someother otherthings
thingsto toknow
knowabout
aboutlineslinesand
andangles
anglesinclude:
include:
There
Thereare aredifferent
differenttypes
typesof oflines,
lines,such
suchas asperpendicular,
perpendicular,intersecting,
intersecting,andandtransversal
transversal
lines.
lines.
There
Thereare aredifferent
differenttypes
typesof ofangles,
angles,such suchasasacute,
acute,obtuse,
obtuse,reflex,
reflex,right,
right,and
andstraight
straight
angles.
angles.
The
Thesumsumof ofadjacent
adjacentlinear
linearangles
anglesformedformedby byaaline
lineisisalways
always180°.
180°.
When
Whenaatransversal
transversalintersects
intersectstwo twoparallel
parallellines,
lines,each
eachpair
pairofofalternating
alternatingangles
anglesisisequal.
equal.
AAline
linesegment
segmentisisaaportion
portionof ofaaline
linethat
thathas
hastwotwoendpoints
endpointsand andrepresents
representsthetheshortest
shortest
distance
distancebetween
betweenthosethosetwo twopoints.
points.
Types of Lines & Angles
An acute angle is an angle that measures less than
90 degrees, or less than a right angle
A right angle is an angle that measures exactly 90
degrees, or a quarter of a circle.
An obtuse angle is an angle that is greater than 90° and
less than 180°. It is between a right angle and a straight
angle.
A straight angle is an angle that
measures exactly 180 degrees and
forms a straight line.
A reflex angle is an angle that lies
between 180° and 360°. A reflex angle
and the corresponding angle that lies
on the other side of it together form
a complete angle of 360°.
Properties of lines and angles
Axiom
If a ray stands on a line, then the sum of two adjacent
angles so formed is 180°.
If the sum of two adjacent angles is 180°, then the non-
common arms of the angles form a line.
If a transversal intersects two parallel lines, then each
pair of corresponding angles is equal.
If a transversal intersects two lines such that a pair of
corresponding angles is equal, then the two lines are
parallel to each other
Theorems
If two lines intersect each other, then the vertically opposite
angles are equal.
If a transversal intersects two parallel lines, then each pair of
alternate interior angles is equal
If a transversal intersects two lines such that a pair of alternate
interior angles is equal, then the two lines are parallel.
If a transversal intersects two parallel lines, then each pair of
interior angles on the same side of the transversal is
supplementary.
If a transversal intersects two lines such that a pair of interior
angles on the same side of the transversal is supplementary, then
the two lines are parallel.
Lines which are parallel to the same line are parallel to each other
Some Examples:-