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Library Management System

The document outlines the final-term lab examination for Database Systems for BSE-3A students, detailing various SQL and NoSQL queries and concepts. It covers topics such as aggregate functions, joins, and MongoDB specifics, including schema-less design and when to prefer NoSQL over SQL. Additionally, it provides examples of MongoDB commands for creating databases, collections, and performing CRUD operations.

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haroonali101325
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12 views13 pages

Library Management System

The document outlines the final-term lab examination for Database Systems for BSE-3A students, detailing various SQL and NoSQL queries and concepts. It covers topics such as aggregate functions, joins, and MongoDB specifics, including schema-less design and when to prefer NoSQL over SQL. Additionally, it provides examples of MongoDB commands for creating databases, collections, and performing CRUD operations.

Uploaded by

haroonali101325
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Final-Term Lab Examination Fall 2025

Program(s)/Classes: BSE-3A
Subject: Database Systems
Instructors Name: Mamuna Fatima
Date: 16 Dec,2025

Group Members:
Aryyan Ali (FA24-BSE-004)
M Saqib (FA24-BSE-043)
Haroon Ali (FA24-BSE-125)
M Nabeel (FA24-BSE-137)
Apply Queries to your DB project.
 SELECT with ORDER BY:

 Aggregate Functions:
 GROUP BY with HAVING Clause:

 Inner Join:
 Left outer join and Right outer join:
 Self Join:

 SubQuery:
 Create Update and Delete Query:
 Create View:
Q No. 2: NoSQL Databases (Using MongoDB)

1. What is NoSQL?
 NoSQL stands for Not Only SQL.
 It is a type of non-relational database used to store large amounts of data
in a flexible way,
 Data is not stored in tables
 No fixed schema
 Faster for large and unstructured data
 Highly scalable

Examples
 MongoDB
 Cassandra
 Redis

 2. Difference between SQL and NoSQL Databases


Feature SQL NoSQL

Database Type Relational Non-relational


Data Storage Tables Documents / Key-Value
Schema Fixed Schema-less
Scalability Vertical Horizontal
Joins Supported Not commonly used
Examples MySQL, Oracle MongoDB, Firebase

3. What is a document in MongoDB?


A document in MongoDB is a single record stored in JSON-like format
(BSON).
Example
{
"student_id": 101,
"name": "Ali Khan",
"age": 21,
"department": "Computer Science",
"cgpa": 3.6
}

4. What is schema-less design?


 Schema-less design means:
 No fixed structure is required
 Documents in the same collection can have different fields

Example
{ "name": "Ali", "age": 21 }

{ "name": "Ahmed", "age": 22, "cgpa": 3.8 }


Both documents are valid in the same collection

5. When should NoSQL be preferred over SQL?


 NoSQL should be used when:
 Data size is very large
 High performance is required
 Data structure changes frequently
 Real-time applications are needed
 Big Data or cloud-based systems are used
6. Create a database and two collections
Create Database

use universityDB

Create Collections

[Link]("students")
[Link]("courses")

7. Insert one document with at least 5 fields


[Link]({
student_id: 101,
name: "Ali Khan",
age: 21,
department: "Computer Science",
cgpa: 3.6
})

8. Write 5 MongoDB Queries

1. Display all students

[Link]()

2. Find students from Computer Science department


[Link]({ department: "Computer Science" })

3. Find students with CGPA greater than 3.0

[Link]({ cgpa: { $gt: 3.0 } })

4. Update CGPA of a student

[Link](
{ student_id: 101 },
{ $set: { cgpa: 3.8 } }
)

5. Delete a student record

[Link]({ student_id: 101 })

End.

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