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QN1 A 100km long, 132 kV (Line to Line ) , 50 Hz transmission line has parameters as follow :
Resistance of the line : Negligible
Inductance of the line : 1.2 mH /km
Capacitance of the line : Negligible
The line is used to transmit the power with sending end and receiving end voltage constant at 132
kV with a phase angle of 300 between them.
i) Calculate active and reactive power flow through the line.
ii) Calculate the value of series capacitor per phase to be connected in the line so that the
active power flow increases by 20%. Also calculate the reactive power flow through the line.
(4+4)
Ans:
i) Here, | VS| = |VR| = |V| = 132 kV (line voltage), δ = 300
()' , δ = 300
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X = 2πfL = 2×π×50×1.2×10-3×100 = 37.69 Ω
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Total active power flow through the line = 3×77.053 = 231.159 MW
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Total reactive power flow through the line = 3×20.64 = 61.94 MVar
ii) Here a series capacitor in each phase need to be connected as shown below so as to increase the
active power flow through the line by 20%.
Here, Xnet = jX - jXC , Pnew = 1.2× 77.053 = 92.463 MW per phase
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Xnet = jX - jXC OR |Xnet | = | X – XC | OR |XC| = X – Xnet = 37.69 – 31.408 = 6.28Ω
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B%#M>=C%'!1:%C'@<1:'>"C1A?"'>"%'<=V%''; '= 3Q 2 81$! 7 =' '3Q 2 M1$'./ / 7''='*+,--'()#C'!%C'!"#$%
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Reactive power flow through the line : 24.77 MVAR per phase
Total reactive power flow through the line = 3×24.77 = 74.32 MVar
QN2 For a system of 33 KV, if an inductor of 2H per phase is used in TCR scheme, calculate
effective reactance and reactive power consumed by TCR branch for delay angle 𝛿 = 45⁰
.
XL= 3458.1877ohm
Q per phase= 104.96Kvar
Total Q = 314.904Kvar
QN3 In a fixed capacitor thyristor controlled reactor scheme, the value of fixed capacitor of 100µF
and inductor is [Link] the net effective reactance of the scheme at a firing angle of 𝛿 =
45⁰ and state whether the net reactance is capacitive or inductive. Also find the current through each
branch. Take, Vs= 230V
Xc=-j31.8309ohm, XL=172.909ohm, xeff= -j39.0129 ohm , Icap= j7.2256A, Itcr= -j1.3301A,
Icomp= j5.895A.
For above equation, if a load of 5kW @ 0.85pf lag is connected to the source, find the reactive power
delivered by the source and reactive power exchanged by the FC- TCR.
Io= 25.57<-31.788 A, Q load = 3098.032VAR, Q fctcr= -1355.85 KVAR, Is= 22.9483<-19.175 A ,
Qs = 1733.61 KVAR
QN 4 If a fixed capacitor of 200 µF and inductor of 20mH is used in fixed capacitor thyristor
controlled reactor scheme, Calculate the net effective reactance of the scheme at a firing angle 𝛿 =
20⁰ and state whether the net reactance is capacitive or inductive.
Xc=-j15.915ohm, XL=j10.9621ohm, xeff= -j35.2252ohm
QN 5 A fixed capacitor of 200µF is used in GTO controlled series capacitor. Calculate the net
effective capacitance of the scheme at 𝛾 = 120⁰ . Xc(𝛾) = 6.2208 ohm