BASIC MATH

Make sure that you know and remember the Math concepts you need to answer these questions.
Mention “cannot be determined” or “not defined” wherever appropriate.

I. Properties of Numbers
Set A = {−3, −2.4, −2, −1, 0, 1, 2, 2.4, 3}
Set A consists of nine numbers as above.

For Q. No. 1 and 2 please refer to the data above.

1. If e is the number of even numbers in Set A and p is the number of positive numbers in
Set A, what is the sum of e and p?
2. If i is the number of integers in Set A and r is the number of prime numbers in Set A, what is the product
of i and r?
3. What is the sum of the greatest even integer less than 2 and the smallest even integer
greater than −1?
4. What is the least possible sum of 3 consecutive integers greater than −1?
5. What is the sum of the smallest non-negative multiple of 5 and the smallest positive multiple of 6?
6. If d is the number of distinct prime factors of 12 and f is the number of positive factors of 12, what is the
sum of d and f?
7. How many multiples of 5 are there between 10 and 30?
8. Is 0 (zero) divisible by 3? What is the quotient? What is the remainder?
9. 4 ÷ 0 =?
10. How many perfect squares are there between −5 and 25?
11. If k is an integer and (2 × 3 × 5)/𝑘 is also an integer, there are how many possible values of k?
12. What is the difference between the greatest positive factor of 10 and the smallest positive
multiple of 10?
13. If A is a digit and 2A is even, what is the smallest possible value of 2A?
14. If B is a positive integer and 3B is even, what is the smallest possible value of 3B?
15. If d is a digit such that the integer 8d2 is divisible by both 3 and 4, what digit is d?
16. If d is a digit and the integer 81d is divisible by both 5 and 9, what digit is d?
17. Solve: 96 ÷ (3 × 2) – (1 + 3) × 6 ÷ 3 × 2 ÷ 2 – 4 + 10 – 6 + 12 =
18. Solve: 1 − ÷ ×

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19. n = 345.092
a, b, c, d and e are the values of n rounded to the nearest hundreds, tens, units, tenths,
and hundredths respectively. Arrange a, b, c, d and e in ascending order.
20. Solve: 9.6 ÷ 0.03 × 0.0005 + 1.5 – 0.0012 =
21. Express in decimals.
22. Convert 0.0375 into fraction.
23. Which of the following are irrational?

(A) √2 (B) 5 + √5 (C) √8 × √2 (D) π (E) 1. 3

24. What is the positive difference between (10 − √4) and (10 + √4)?
25. What is the positive difference between |−5| and |7|?

II. Exponents and Factorials

26. 104 is not equal to which of the following?
(A) 100,000
(B) 0.1 x 105
(C) 10 x 10 x 10 x 10
(D) 102 x 102
(E) 10,000

27. Multiply 104 by 102

(A) 108
(B) 102
(C) 106
(D) 10-2
(E) 103

28. 83,000 equals:

(A) 83.0 x 104
(B) 8.3 x 104
(C) 8.3 x 103
(D) 83.0 x 105
(E) 0.3 x 102

29. 0.00875 equals:

(A) 8.75 x 10-2
(B) 8.75 x 10-3
(C) 8.75 x 10-4
(D) 87.5 x 10-3
(E) 875 x 10-4

30. 2 =? √? (In other words, express 23/2 in the form 𝑦 , where x and y are integers.)

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31. If 3 = 27 , what is the value of x?

32. (2)2 + (−2)2 + (2)-2 + (−2)-2 + (2)3 + (−2)3 + (2)-3 + (−2)-3 = ?

33. √−4 = ?
34. √4 = ?
!
35. =
!
(A) 130
(B) 131
(C) 132
(D) 133
(E) 134
!
36. The fraction is equivalent to which of the following?
(A) 27 3352
(B) 29 3452
(C) 283452
(D) 28 3452 72
(E) 28 34 52 11

37. Which of the following contain reciprocal expressions?

√
I. 4 𝑎𝑛𝑑
II. √4 𝑎𝑛𝑑 4
III. 4 𝑎𝑛𝑑 4
(A) I only
(B) II only
(C) II and III only
(D) I and II only
(E) I and III only

III. Arithmetic
38. Convert 3.15 to percent.
39. Convert 0.02% to fraction.
40. is equivalent to what percent?
41. Find 15% of 440.
42. 30 is what percent of 75?

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43. 40 is 8% of what number?
44. What is the LCM of 15, 25, and 30?
45. What is the GCF of 30, 45, and 90?

46. If 10 and 30 are the GCF and the LCM of two numbers x and y, what is the product of the numbers x
and y?
47. Average of three numbers in a list is 30. How much will be the increase in the average when 70 is
added to the list?
48. What is the median of 5, 10, and 7?
49. What is the median of 5, 10, 2, and 7?
50. One foot is equal to 12 inches. What is the ratio of 9 inches to 3½ feet?
51. m varies directly with n. If m = 10 when n = 6, what will be the value of m when n = 9?
52. P is inversely proportional to Q2. When Q is 2, P is 45. What will be the value of P when Q is 3?

III. Algebra
53. x2 × x3 =
54. If x ≠ 0, 𝑥 ⁄𝑥 =
55. If x ≠ 0, x0 × 12 =
56. = 𝑥?

57. √𝑥 = 𝑥 ?
58. (a + b) (c + d) − (a − b) (c − d) =

Instruction for Q. 59 to 71: Solve for x. Find all possible values of x.

√
65. =
59. 4x = x + 9

√
60. = 12 66. = 27𝑥

61. =
67. = 33
⁄
62. ⁄
= 17 − 𝑥

63. + 4𝑥 = 38 − 2𝑥 68. 3x5= 5x3

64. = 31 − 𝑥

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69. x2 + 3x – 4 = 0
70. x2 – 4x + 4 = 0
71. x3 − 3x2 − 4x = 0

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72. Solve the following pair of equations for x and y.
x + 2y = 23
2x – y = 41

73. Solve the following pair of equations for x and y.

x + 2y = 20
4y + 2x = 40
74. Solve the following pair of equations for x, y and z.
2x + 2y + 3z = 30
2x + y + 3z = 20
75. (a + b)2 − (a − b)2 =
76. (a + b)2 + (a − b)2 − (a + b) (a − b) =
77. (a + b + c)2 =
78. Solve for x.
5 – 2x > x + 2
79. Solve for x.
x2 < 25
80. Solve for x.
x2 > 36
81. Solve for x.
|x|< 2

82. Solve for x.

|x|> 3

83. x >1
Arrange x2, √𝑥 , and x in ascending order.
84. 0<x<1
Arrange x2,√𝑥 , and x in ascending order.
85. Solve for x.
<2

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 ANSWERS
Basic Math
Q. No. Answers Explanatory note
1. 7 e = 3 (−2, 0, and 2); p = 4 (1, 2, 2.4, and 3)
2. 14 i = 7 (−3, −2, −1, 0, 1, 2, and 3); r = 2 (2 and 3)
3. 0 0+0=0
4. 3 0+1+2=3
5. 6 0+6=6
6. 8 d = 2 (2 and 3); f = 6 (1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12)
7. 3 15, 20, 25
8. Yes, 0, 0
9. Not defined On the GMAT, division by zero is meaningless and doesn’t exist.
10. 5 0, 1, 4, 9, and 16
11. 16 k can be 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 10, 15,30, −1, −2, −3, −5, −6, −10, −15, or −30
12. 0 10 – 10 = 0
13. 20 If A is a digit and A is 0, 2A becomes 20, not 2 × 0 = 0.
14. 6 If B is a positive integer and 3B is even, smallest possible value of
3B is 3 × 2 = 6.
15. 5 Please check the divisibility rules.
16. 0 Please check the divisibility rules.
17. 20
18. 17/25
19. a < c < e <d <b a = 300, b = 350, c = 345, d = 345.1, e = 345.09
20. 1.6588
21. 0.41 6
22. 3/80
23. a, b, and d
24. 4
25. 42
26. A
27. C
28. B
29. B
30. 2√2 23/2 = (23)1/2 = 81/2 or √8 = 2√2
31. 6
32. 17/2
33. Not defined The GMAT doesn’t have imaginary quantities. Even roots of negative
numbers do not exist.
34. 2

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 35. C
36. C
37. D
38. 315%
39. 1/5000
40. 62.5%
41. 66
42. 40
43. 500
44. 150
45. 15
46. 300 For any two integers the product of their GCF and LCM is
equal to their product.
47. 10 Sum of the three numbers = 3 × 30 = 90
Sum of the four numbers = 90 + 70 = 160
Average = 160 ÷ 4 = 40
48. 7 Arrange in ascending or descending order: 5, 7, 10.
49. 6 2, 5, 7, 10. The median is the average of the two middle
numbers 5 and 7.
50. 3:14 3½ feet = 42 inches. So, the ratio is 9:42
51. 15
52. 20
53. x5
54. x5
55. 12
56. -3
57. 1/n
58. 2(ad + bc)
59. 3
60. 9
61. 4
62. 15
63. 6
64. ±5
65. 49
66. 1/3
67. ±8
68. ± 5/3, 0 Make sure that you did not miss the solution x = 0.
69. - 4, 1
70. 2
71. 0, 4, and −1

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 72. x = 21, y = 1
73. Cannot be determined In fact, there are infinite solution sets for x and y.

74. y = 10
x and z cannot be
determined
75. 4ab
76. a2 + 3b2
77. a2 + b2 + c2 + 2ab + 2bc +
2ca
78. x <1
79. −5 < x < 5
80. x > 6 or
x < -6
81. −2 < x < 2
82. x > 3 or x < -3
83. √𝑥 < 𝑥 < 𝑥
84. 𝑥 < 𝑥 < √𝑥
85. x < 0 or x > ½

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