SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER

SESSION 2025-2026
Class 12th MATHEMATICS SET-01

Hints & Solutions

SECTION-A
1. (B) AB = BA = I (ii)-(i)
Here it is given that A & B are inverse of each other.  2 2   2 4 
B   
A1  B …(i)  3 3   6 0 
Also B1  A …(ii)  4 6 
From definition of inverse matrix, we know that-  
 3 3 
AA1  I
 A1  B …from eq (i) 4. (B) Det(A) [2,4]
1
 AB AA  I …(iii)  1 sin  1 
1
Similarly, BB  I A   sin  
 sin  1
B1  A ...(from eq(ii))  1  sin  1 
 BA  BB1  I …(iv) | A |1(11  sin  ( sin ))  sin ( sin   sin )
So, from (iii) and (iv), we get 1[( sin )  ( sin )  (1) 1]
AB = BA = I
| A | 1  sin 2   sin 2   1
2. (D) 0 2  2sin 2 
| A |
By evaluating given determinant and using sin | A |2(1  sin 2 )
(90 – A) = cos A. we get value of det. = 0
Now, 0    2
 sin 0  sin   sin 2
 4 6
3. (A)  3 3  0  sin 2   1
 
 1  0  1  sin 2   1  1
 1 2 
(A  2B)    
 2  2 1  sin 2   4
3 0 
Det(A) [2,4]
Multiplying equation by 2
 2 4 
2A  4B    ...(i) 5. (D) –6, –4, –9
6 0  0 2   0 3a   0 2k 
 2 2  A  and kA    
2A  3B 
  …(ii) 3 4  2b 24 3k 4k 
 3 3  Comparing the equations,

[1]
 –4k = 24  x 1 0 0 
k = –6  1

3k = 2b
8. (B)  0 y 0 
 
3(–6) = 2b  0 0 z 1 
2b = –18
 x 0 0
b = –9
Here, A  0 y 0 
3a = 2k
3a = 2(–6) 0 0 z 
3a = –12 Clearly, we can see that
a = –4  yz 0 0 
Values are adjA  0 xz 0  and | A | xyz
k = –6, a = –4 & b = –9. 0 0 xy 
Which is the required solution.
 yz 0 0 
adjA 1 
6. (C) all integral  A  1
 0 xz 0 
| A | xyz 
The given system of equations has unique solution, 0 0 xy 
if:
 x 1 0 0 
1 1 1  
3 6 1 0  0 y 1 0 
 
 2 3 0 0 z 1 
 1(18  2)  1(9  )  1(6  6)  0
 13  5  0 9. (B) null matrix
13 Since AB = 0
 . (Since  is not integral value)
5 Given A is non-singular. Therefore
Thus, unique solution exists for all integral values A 1 exist
of . Now, AB  0
 A1  (AB) 
0
 2 2 4 
 2 3 4  (A1  A)B  0
7. (A)    I  B 0
 4 4 2 
B 0
 2 0 3  2 4 5 Thus, B must be null matrix.
A   4 3 1  and A   0 3 7 
 
 5 7 2   3 1 2  6 0
10. (D) 0 6
As, sum is expressed as  
1 A.(adj A) = |A|I
B  A  A {Newly formed Symmetric Matrix}
2 1 0 
 6 
  2 0 3  2 4 5  0 1 
1 1 
  A  A   4 3 1    0 3 7    6 0
2 2 
  5 7 2   3 1 2   
   0 6
 4 4 8  2 2 4 
1
  4 6 8    2 3 4  11. (D) A is non-singular matrix
2
 8 8 4   4 4 2  Here, only non- singular matrices obey cancellation
laws.
[2]
12. (B) 10 16. (B) Non-existent
We know that 5 10 3 
A  adjA | A | Inn , where I is the unit matrix of  2 4 6  is singular matrix. So its determinant

order n × n. …(i)  1 2 b 
10 0  value of this matrix is zero.
A(adjA)    Using the above property of
 0 10 5 10 3
matrices (i), we get i.e., 2 4 6  0
1 0  1 2 b
A(adjA)  10  
0 1   5(4b  12)  10(2b  6)  3(4  4) 
0
A(adj A)  (10)I22  20b  60  20b  60 0
| A | I22  10I22 b does not exist
| A | 10
 5 8 11
13. (D) AB and BA both are defined
17. (C) Here, A   4 5 13
In given matrix
7 5 5 
order of A = 2 × 3
order of B = 3 × 2 Thus, number of elements more than 5, is 4.
AB will be defined if the number of column in A is
equal to the number of rows in B  3 1
so, (A23 )(B23 )  AB22  7 7
18. (A)  
Similarly (B32 )(A23 )  AB33  1 2 
Thus, Both AB and BA are defined.  7 7 
14. (D) 64 1
A 1  adjA …(i)
 2 0 0
 |A|
A  0 2 0  | A | 3  2  (1)  (1)
 0 0 2  7
C11  3,C12  1
| A |2[4  0]  0  0
C21 1,C
  2
 8 22

Now, | adjA || A |n 1  3 1

Adj A   
…(where n is the order of matrix n) 1 2 
 (8)31  3 1
 
 1 2 
2
 (8)
 64 Putting in 1

15. (C) nk 1  3 1
A 1   
A  a ij 
| 7 |  1 2 
n n
 3 1
Trace of A, i.e., tr (A)  7 7
  a ijn i 1 a11  a 22  ..  a nm 
 1 2 

 k  k  k  k  k (n times)  
 7 7
 k(n)
 nk

[3]
19. (D) Assertion is false, but Reason is true. 20. (D) Assertion is false, but Reason is true.
Assertion is false because distinct elements in N Assertion: Here R is not reflexive: as x cannot be
has equal images. wife of x.
(1  1) Reason: Here, R is not reflexive; as x cannot be
for examplef(1)  1
2 father of x, for any x. R is not symmetric as if x is
2 father of y, then y cannot be father of x. R is not
f (2)  1
2 transitive as if x is father of y and y is father of z,
Reason is true because for injective function if then x is grandfather (not father) of z.
elements are not equal then their images should be
unequal.

SECTION-B
21. First of all we need to find the principal value for    
The range of principal value of sin 1 is  , 
cosec–1(–2)  2 2
Let, cosec–1(–2) = Y
  3
 cosec y  2 and sin   
  cosec y  2 3 2

 3 
  cosec 2 Therefore, the principal value of Sin 1   is
6  2  3
As we know that cosec()   cosec  Hence, the principal value of the given equation is
    
 cosec  cosec  
6  6  3
The range of principal value of cosec1 (2) is
    
       22. cosec–1x represents an angle in   ,0    0, 
 2 , 2   {0} and cosec  6   2  2   2
    whose cosent is x.
 Let x = cosec–1(–2)
Thus, the principal value of cosec1 (2) is .
6
 
 Now, the question changes to  cosec x 2 cosec   
 6
  
Sin 1 cos  
 6  x 
6
cos( ) cos() 
 Principal value of cosec–1(–2) is  .
 we can write the above expression as 6
 
sin 1 cos 
 6  1 
Let, 23. Let cos 1  y
 2
 3 1
sin 1    Y  cos y  
 2  2
3 
 sin y   cos y   cos
2 4
   3
Y  cos y cos      cos
3  4 4
Since, the principal value branch of cos–1 is [0, ]
[4]
  1  3 We know that cos–1 ()    cos1 
Therefore, Principal value of cos 1   is 4 .
 2 1   1 
 sin 1       cos 1   
 3   3 
1 1 
24. Let cos 1    x . Then, cos x  cos   . 1 1
2 2 3  sin 1      cos 1  
 3  3
1 
 cos 1    1 1
2 3  sin 1    cos 1    
 3  3
1 1 
Let sin 1    y . Then, sin y  sin   . 
2 2 6  
2
1  
 sin 1     
2 6 2
1  1   2   2 Therefore we have,
 cos 1    2sin 1       
2 2 3 6 3 3 3 1  1 
sin 1    cos 1    

3  3 2
1  1
25. Given sin 1    cos 1   
3  3
SECTION-C
2 5x 2 2 9 / 2 1 / 2 
26. According to the question, I  1 2
x  4x  3
dx I  5(2  1)  5 
1
 x  3  x  1 dx
 
2
2 4x  3  9 1 
I 5 1  2
1   dx
x  4x  3 
5  5  log | x  3 |  log | x  1|
 2 2 1
2 2 4x  3
 5 dx  5
1 1 2
x  4x  3
dx  9 1  9 1 
5  5  log5  log3    log 4  log 2  

 2 2  2 2 
2 4x  3
 I 5[x]12  5  1 (x  3)(x  1)
dx 9 1 
5  5  (log5  log 4)  (log3  log 4 

2 2 
Using partial fraction,
9 5 1 3
4x  3 A B 5  5  log  log 

let   2 4 2 2
(x  3)(x  1) x  3 x  1
45 5 5 3
4x  3 A(x  1)  B(x  3) 5  log  log

  2 4 2 2
(x  3)(x  1) (x  3)(x  1)
 4x  3 A(x  1)  B(x  3) 27. Putting t = ex – 1
Comparing the coefficients of like from both sides, ex = t + 1
 A  B 4  A 4  B dt = ex dx
and A  3 B  3  4  B  3B  3 dt
 dx
1 1 9 ex
 B , then A 
4 
2 2 2 dt
 dx
Now, from Equation (i), we get t 1
Putting above by have by partial fractions.
[5]
 1 A Bt  C 1 2ada

(1  t)t 2
t 1

t2
…(i) 
4 a
A(t 2 )  (Bt  C)(t  1) 
1 1 2ada
Put t + 1 = 0

4 a
t = –1 a
  c1
A=1 2
Equating coefficients
2x 2  2x  3
A+B=0   c1
2
1+B=0
B = –1 3 1
C=1
Now, I2 
2  2
2x  2x  3
dx

From equation (1), we get, 3 dx

1

1 t  1
 2

2   1   7  
2 2
(1  t)t 2 t  1 t 
2  x     
1 1 t 1  2   2  
 
 (1  t)t 2
dt  t  1dt   t 2
dt  t 2
dt
3 dx
2

1 1 2 2
 log | t  1|  dt  2 dt
t t   
 x 
2
1  7 
 
 2   2 
1
 log | t  1|  log | t |   c
t This is in the standard form
1 1 dx
 dx log ex  log ex  1  x c
  ln | x  x 2  a 2 | .
 
2
ex  1 e 1 2
x a 2

 1 7
28. Formula to be used Here, x is  x   and a is .
 2 2


dx
2
x a 2 
 log x  x 2  a 2  c   1 3 
2
1  7 
2

I2 ln  x     x     
where is the integrating constant 2 2  2  2   2 

(x  2)
  2x 2  2x  3
dx
I2
3  1
ln  x    x 2  x 
3
2 2  2 2
1 3
 (4x  2)  Combining the results:
4 2 dx I  I
  2x 2  2x  3
1 2
The final answer is I  I1  I2  C, where C is the

1 (4x  2) constant of integration.

Now, I1 
4  2x 2  2x  3
dx
I
1
2x 2  2x  3 
3
2 2 2
1 (4x  2)

4  2x 2  2x  3
dx
 1 3
ln  x    x 2  x   C
 2 2
Tip - Assuming 2x2 + 2x – 3 = a2, (4x + 2)dx = 2ada
1 (4x  2) Where C is the integrating constant.

4  2x 2  2x  3
dx

[6]
29. Here we have, Substituting back u = x + a:
2 x3 2 2a

1 x(x  2)
dx
5
(x  a)5/2  (x  a)3/2
3

 
2 x
dx  
2 3
dx
For the second integral, x x  bdx :
1 x(x  2) 1 x(x  2)
Let v x  b. This means x = v + b and dv = dx.
2 dx 2 3
  1 (x  2)
  1 x(x  2)
dx
 (v  b) 
vdv  v3/2  bv1/2 dv 
3 2 1 1 v5/2 bv3/2 2 5/2 2b 3/2
 [log(x  2)]12 
2  1

x x2
dx  
5/ 2 3/ 2 5
 v 
3
v

[using partial fraction] Substituting back u = x – b:

3 3 
2 2 2b
 [log(x  2)]12   log x  log(x  2)  (x  b)5/2  (x  b)3/2
2 2 1 5 3
2 Now, we combine the results of the two integrals
3 1 
  log x  log(x  2)  and add the constant of integration, C.
2 2 1  2 2a 
5/2 3/2 
 5 (x  a)  3 (x  a)   
1 1   C
 [3log 2  log 4  log3]
 I
ab  2 2b  
2 
5/2 3/2
 5 (x  b)  3 (x  b)  
  
1
 [3log 2  2log 2  log3] [ log 4  2log 2]
2
5
1
 [log 2  log 3]
31. Let
 I  5
|x  2 | dx …(i)
2
Putting x + 2 = 0
1  x 2  (5,5)
 [log 6]
2
 From eq. (i),
1
 log 6 2 5
2 I 5
|x  2 | dx   2
|x  2 | dx
2 x3 1

2 5
 dx  log 6
1 x(x  2) 2  5
(x  2)dx   2
(x  2)dx
2 5
 x2   x2 
x 
  2x     2x 
30. Let I   xa  ab
dx
 2 5  2 2
After rationalizing denominator we get,
1  4   25    25  4 
I
ab 
x( x  a  x  b)dx    4     10      10     4  

 2   2    2  2 
1  5   45
I x x  adx  x x  bdx 
   
  2      2 
ab 
 2  2 
Let u = x + a. This means x = u – a and du = dx.
5 45
2   2
 (u  a) udu  u 3/2  au1/2 du  2 2
4  25 29
u 5/2 au 3/2 2 5/2 2a 3/2
   u  u
5/ 2 3/ 2 5 3
[7]
 SECTION-D
32. According to the question, 4 2
1 y 32  y 
Given, equation of circle is x2 + y2 = 32 ...(i)  (16  0)   32  y2  sin 1  
2 2 2  4 2  4
Given, equation of line is y = x ...(ii)
Consider x 2  y2 
32,    1  
 8  16sin 1 (1)  2  4  16sin 1   
   2  
 x 2  y2 
(4 2)2
  
Given circle has centre at (0, 0) and  8  16   8  16  
 2 4
radius of circle is 4 2
To find the point of intersection,  
 16   
On substituting y = x in Eq. (i), we get 2 4

2x 2 32  x 2 
16  x 4  16 
4
When x = 4, then y = 4
 4sq units
When x = –4, then y = –4
Thus, the points of intersection are (4, 4) and (–4, –4)
So, given line and the circle intersect in the first 33.
quadrant at point A(4, 4) and
The circle cut the Y-axis at point B (0, 4 2).
Now, let us sketch the graph of given curves, we get

x 2 y2
 1 …(i)
9 4
x y
  1 …(ii)
3 2
Let us draw AM perpendicular to Y-axis.
x2 y2
Required area = Area of shaded region OABO   1 is the equation of ellipse and

(3)2 (2)2
4 4 2
  0
x (line ) dy  
4
x (circle )dy x y
  1 is the equation of intercept form of line.
3 2
x 2  y2 32  x  32  y2 , but we need area On solving (1) and (2), we get points of intersection
of region enclosed in the first quadrant only, so as (0, 2) and (3, 0).
2 3 3  6  2x 
x
 32  y2 Area   
9  x 2 dx   dx
3 0 0 3 
4 4 2

 ydy 
0 4
32  y2 dy

2 x 2

32 x 1
3  x 2  sin 1   6x 
3
2x 2 

3

4 32 2 3 0 3  2 0
 y2  4 2

 
 2 0
 4
(4 2)2  y2 dy

2  9  1
 [9]
3  4  3
[8]
 3 3
 3  [18  12  2  4]
2 4
3 3
 (  2) sq unit. A  5  8  (8)
2 4
= 13 – 6 = 7 sq. units.
34. Points in the form of line in the given diagram Hence the required area is 7 sq. units.

35. According to the question,

Given equation of circle is x2 + y2 = 16 ...(i)
Equation of line given is,
3y  x …(i)
1
 y  x represents a line passing through the
3
origin.
The equation of side AB is, To find the point of intersection of circle and line,
50 substitute eq. (ii) in eq.(i), we get
y0 (x  2)
42 x2
5 x2  16

 y (x  2) 3
2
3x 2  x 2
The equation of side BC is,  16
3
53
y3
 (x  6)  4x 2  48
46
2  x2 
12
 y 3 (x  6)
2 x2 3
 y  3 1(x  6) 2 3

When x  2 3, then y  2
 y x  9 3
The equation of side AC is,
30
y0 (x  2)
62
3
 y (x  2)
4
5 4 6 3 6
Area

2 2 4 
(x  2)dx  (x  9)dx 
4 2 
(x  2)dx
45 1 23
A
 
2 2 
(x  2)dx  (x  9)dx 
0 
6 4
(x  2)dx Required area (In first quadrant)
1
On integrating we get, = (Area under the line y  x from x = 0 to 2 3 )
4 0 6 3
5  x2   x 2  3  x2 
A    2x     9x     2x  + (Area under the circle from x = 2 3 to x = 4)
2 2 2  2 1 4  2 2 2 3 1 4
On applying limits we get,  
0 3
xdx 
2 
3
16  x 2 dx
5
A
 [8  8  2  4]  [18  54  8  36] 2 3 4
2 1  x2  x (4)2 1  x 
     16  x 2  sin  
3  2 0 2 2  4  2 3

[9]
 1  
 (2 3)2  0   2 3  4  2 3  8  
2 3 3
 2 3  2 3  8
1
0  8sin (1)  16  12  8sin 1    4 
2 3
  4 
12  8
 2 3  3 
 2 3  8    2  8sin 1   3
2 2  2  4
 sq units.
3
SECTION-E
36. E  E E  E
P    0,P    0,P   1,P   1
 E1   E2   E3   E4 
E  E
P(E)  P  E1   P    P  E 2   P    P  E 3 .
 E1   E2 
 E  E 
P    P  E4   P  
 E3   E4 
 0.14  0.24  0.38
(i) Bayes' theorem defines the probability of an
event based on the prior knowledge of the 37.
conditions related to the event whereas in
case of the condition probability, we find the
reverse probabilities using Bayes' theorem.
(ii) Consider on event E which occurs via two
different events A and B. The probability of
E is given by the value of total probability as:
P(E) P( A  E)  P( B  E)
E E (i) f(x) = –0.1x2 + mx + 98.6, being a polynomial
 P(E) P( A)P    P( B)  
A  B function, is differentiable everywhere, hence,
(iii) Let P be the event that the shell fired from A differentiable in (0, 12).
hits the plane and Q be the event that the shell (ii) f(x) = –0.2x + m
fired from B hits the plane. The following At Critical point
four hypotheses are possible before the trial, 0 = –0.2 × 6 + m
with the guns operating independently: m = 1.2
 E1 PQ, E 2 PQ,
 E 3 PQ,
 E 4 PQ
Let E = The shell fired from exactly one of 38.
them hits the plane.
P  E1   0.3  0.2  0.06 ,
P  E2   0.7  0.8  0.56 ,
P  E3   0.7  0.2  0.14 ,
P  E4   0.3  0.8  0.24

[10]
 1000 125 2(600  x)  x  1200  3x  x  400
(i) We have, 
I(x) 2

x (600  x) 2 Thus, I(x) is minimum when you are at 400
2000 250 feet from the strong intensity lamp post.
 I(x) 3
 and (ii) At a distance of 200 feet from the weaker
x (600  x)3
lamp post.
6000 750
 I(x)  4
 Since I(x) is minimum when x = 400 feet,
x (600  x) 4
therefore the darkest spot between the two
For maxima/minima, I'(x) – 0 light is at a distance of 400 feet from a
2000 250 stronger lamp post, i.e., at a distance of 600 –
 3 3
 x)3 x 3
 8(600 
x (600  x) 400 = 200 feet from the weaker lamp post.
Taking cube root on both sides, we get
■■■

[11]
 SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER
SESSION 2025-2026
Class 12th MATHEMATICS SET-02

Hints & Solutions

SECTION-A
1. (A) k Adj. A
n–1
Since, | A | 0
 and (adjA)B 0
Adj. (kA) = kn–1 Adj.A, where k is a scalar So, the pair of equations have infinitely many
and A is a n × n matrix. solutions

2. (B) 7 
3x  4tan x 4. (B)
As f (x)  is continuous at x = 0 2
x
d secx tan x  sec2 x
f (0)  lim
3x  4tan x
dx

tan 1 (secx  tan x)  
1  (secx  tan x)2
x 0 x
sec x(sec x  tan x) 1
3x 4tan x  
 f (k) lim  2sec x(sec x  tan x) 2
x 0 x x
tan x which is the required value.
 f (k)  3  4lim
x 0 x
5. (C) (AB)’ = B’A’
 f (k)  3 4
By the property of transpose of a matrix,
k  7 (AB)’ = B’A’.

3. (D) infinitely many solutions 6. (B) –1

x + 2y = 5,
x y
1
4x + 8y = 20
Differentiating with respect to x,
1 2 x  5
 A   ,X
   ,B   1 1 dy
4 8   y 20   0
2 x 2 y dx
| A | 8  8  0
dy y
 8 2 
adj A    dx x
4 1 
1
 8 2  5  dy
Now (adjA)B      4 
 1
4 1  20 dx  1 , 1 
4 4
1
 40  40  0 4
 20  20    (adjA)B O
  0
[1]
 0 0 1  0 0 1 
adjA 1 
7. (C) 216 A  1
 0 1 2 0 1 2 A2
Given A is a square matrix of order 3 and also |A| 1
1 1 1 1 1 1
|A| = 8
10. (C) 0
| 3A | (3)3  | A | 27  8  216
1
We have, f (x)  x 2 sin   , where x  0
8. (A) continuous everywhere but not differentiable x
at x = 0 Since the function is continuous at x = 0, we have
Given that f(x)  e|x| 1
f (0)  lim x 2 sin   …(i)
x 0 x
ex , x  0 
  1
 f (x)  1, x  0  Now, 1  sin  1
 x  x
e , x  0 1
 x 2  x 2 sin  x 2
Checking continuity and differentiability at x = 0, x
LHL: 1
lim f (x)
 limf (0  h
h) lim e 1 x 0
  
 lim x 2  lim  x 2 sin   lim x 2
x 0  x  x0
 
x 0 h 0 h 0

RHL :  1
 0  lim  x 2 sin   0
lim f (x)
 limf (0  h
h) lime 1 x 0  x
x 0 h 0 h 0
Therefore by sandwich theorem, we have
And f(0) = 1
 2 1
 LHL  RHL  f (0)  f (0) lim   x sin  0
x 0  x
 f(x) is continuous at x = 0.
Hence, value of the function f at x = 0 so that it is
LHD at x =0,
continuous at x = 0 is 0.
f (x)  f (0) f (0  h)  f (0)
lim  lim
x 0 x 0 h 0 0h 0 11. (C) –1
eh  (0) Expanding along R1
 lim  
h 0 h 2(x  9x)  3(x  4x)  2(9x  4x)  3 
0
 LHD does not exist, so f(x) is not differentiable  16x  9x  10x  3 0
at x = 0 x 1

9. (A) A2
12. (A) 2x (log 2)
1 1 1
A  2 1 0 ,| A | 0  1  1 Taking log both sides, we get y  2x
1 0 0 loge y xlog
 e 2 Since loga b
c

cloga b 
1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 Differentiating with respect to x, we get
A 2 1
2
0 2 1 0 0 1 2 1 dy dy
 loge 2 or loge 2  y
1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1  y dx dx

0 0 1 dy
Hence  2x loge 2
 0
adj(A) 1 2 dx
1 1 1 
13. (B) a11A11  a21A21  a31A31

[2]
 a11 a12 a13  a2 1
  a 21 a 22 a 23  a 1
a 31 a 32 a 33 Consider,
Expanding along Column 1 As f(x) is continuous at x  2
 lim  f (x)  lim  f (x)
a 22 a 23
  (1)11  a11   (1)21 x 2 x 2
a 32 a 33 2b 2  4b
lim  a
a12 a13 a a x 2 x2
a 21   (1)31  a 31  12 13
a 32 a 33 a 22 a 23 b2  2 b  1
 a11 A11  a21 A21  a31 A31 for a  1
using formulas for quadratic equation
y(1  x) b2  2b 1  0  b  1 2
14. (C)
x(y  1) for a = –1
Given that xy  ex  y b2  2b  1
2
Taking log both sides, we get b  2b  1 0

x  y Since loga bc 
loge xy  cloga b  (b  1)2 
0
Since log b=1
a bc loga b  loga c , we get
 a = –1, b = 1
loge x  loge y xy
Differentiating with respect to x, we obtain 17. (A) 8
1 1 dy dy
 1 8 0
x y dx dx A (adjA)   
0 8
dy  y  1  1  x
Or   1 0 
dx  y  x  8 
0 1 
dy y(1  x)
Therefore,  | A | I
dx x(y  1)
 | A | 8 .
15. (A) Det (A)
b
B AB  B1  | A|  | B|
1
18. (C) cosec 
a
1 x a sec  , we get
 | A |  | B|
| A|
| B| dx
  asec  tan 
d
16. (B) a  1, b 
1
d 1
f (x) is continuous at x = 1  
dx asec  tan 
 lim f (x) 
f (1) y b tan , we get
x 1

 limf (1  h) 
a dy
h 0  b  sec2 
d
(1  h)2 dy dy d
 lim a
   
h 0 a dx d dx
1 dy 1
  a   b  sec2 
a dx asec  tan 
[3]
 dy bsec  Therefore Greatest Integer function f: R  R, given
 
dx atan by f(x) = [x] is not one-one.
1 The reason is true because by definition a function
b f: A  B is said to be injective if distinct elements
dy
 cos 
dx a  sin  of domain has distinct images i.e. f(a) = f(b)
cos  a b.
dy b
  cosec  20. (D) Assertion is false, but Reason is true.
dx a
Assertion is false because every function is not
19. (D) Assertion is false, but Reason is true. invertible. The function which is one-one and onto
Assertion is false because f(1.9) = [1.9] = 1 and i.e. bijective functions are invertible so reason is
f(1.8) = [1.8] = 1. So distinct elements of domain true.
have same image.

SECTION-B
21. It is given that function f(x) = 2x – 3x
2

 6 x2  4 
0
 f (x) 4x  3
 (x  2)(x  2) 
0
If f'(x) = 0, then we get,
x 2,2
3
x clearly, f (x)  0 if x < – 2 and x > 2
4
3 and f (x) < 0 if –2 < x < 2
So, the point x = , divides the real line into two Thus, the function f(x) is strictly increases on
4
3 (, 2)  (2, ) and f(x) is strictly decreasing on
 3 
disjoint intervals,  ,  and  ,  
 4  4  interval x  (2, 2).

3
23. 
Given: Diameter of the balloon (2x  1)
2
 3 3
Now, in interval  ,  , f (x)  4x  3  0 
 Radius of the balloon (2x  1)
 4 4
3
Therefore, the given function (f) is strictly 4 3 
 Volume of the balloon    (2x  1) 
 3 3 4 
decreasing in interval  , 
 4 9
 (2x  1)3 cubic units
16
22. Given: f(x) = 2x3 – 24x + 107 dV
 Rate of change of volume w.r.t. x 
d dx
 f (x)

dx
2x 3  24x  107  9 d
  3(2x  1)2  (2x  1)
 f (x) 6x 2  24 16 dx
For f(x) lets find critical point, for this we must have 27
 (2x  1)2  2
f (x)  0 16
27
 6x2  24 
0  (2x  1)2
8
[4]
24. Consider the function 4 xy

f (x)  x3  ax 2  bx  c 1.6 y
 3y 
2x
Then f  (x)  3x 2  2ax  b
It is given that f(x) is maximum at x = –1.
f  (1)  3(1)2  2a(1)  b  0
 f  (1)  3  2a  b  0 …(1)
It is given that f(x) is minimum at x = 3
 3(3)2  2a(3) 
f  (3) b 0
Differentiating both sides w.r.t. t, we get
 f  (3)  27  6a  b  0 …(2)
dy dx
Solving equations(1) and (2), we have 32
dt dt
a = –3 and b = –9 dy 2 dy
Since f'(x) is independent of constant c, it can be   0.3  0.2 m/sec
dt 3 dt
any real number. At any time t seconds, the tip of his shadow is at a
distance of (x + y) m from AB.
25. Let AB represent the height of the street light from The rate at which the tip of his shadow moving
the ground. At any time t seconds, let the man
 dx dy 
represented as ED of height 1.6 m be at a distance   dt  dt  m / s 0.5 m / s
 
of x m from AB and the length of his shadow EC
The rate at which his shadow is lengthening
by y m.
dy
Using similarity of triangles, we have   m / s 0.2 m / s
dt
SECTION-C
26. Since each ball can be placed in a cell in three ways. E  F E
Therefore, three distinct balls can be placed in three 3
 P(E  F) P(E)
cells in 3 × 3 × 3 = 27 ways. Consider the following 27
events: Hence, required probability is given by,
E = All balls are in the same cell, F = At least two P(E  F) 3 / 27 1
P(E
 / F)  
balls are in the same cell. P(F) 21/ 27 7
All balls can be placed in the same cell in three
ways. [Link] 'A' be the event that the chosen student studies
3 in class XII and B be the event that the chosen
 P(E) 
27 student is a girl.
Now, we have, There are 430 girls out of 1000 students
P(F) = P (At least two balls are in the same cell) = 1 430 43
 
– F (Balls are placed in distinct cells) 1000 100
So, P(B) = P (Chosen student is girl)
3! 6 21
 P(F)  1 1  Since, 10% of the girls studies in class XII
27 27 27
So, total number of girls studies in class XII
Clearly, E  F

[5]
 10 A 4
C1 3 C1 12
  430  43 P 
 
100  E3 
12
C2 66
Then, P(A  B) = P (Chosen student is a girl of
Using the law of total probability, we get
class XII)
Required probability = P(A)
43

1000 A A A
P  E1  P    P  E 2  P    P  E3  P  
 Required probability = P(A/B)  E1   E2   E3 
P(A  B)  P(A  B)  1 3 1 2 1 12
  P(A / B)
P(B)  P(B)       
3 15 3 6 3 66
43 /1000 1 1 1 2
    
43 /100 10 15 9 33
33  55  30 118
28. A white ball and a red ball can be drawn in three  
495 495
mutually exclusive ways:
i. Selecting bag I and then drawing a white and 29. Let E be the event that the man reports that six
a red ball from it occurs in the throwing of the dice and let S1 be the
ii. Selecting bag II and then drawing a white and event that six occurs and S2 be the event six does
a red ball from it not occur.
iii. Selecting bag III and then drawing a white 1
and a red ball from it Then P(S1) =Probability that six occurs 
6
Consider the following events: 5
E1 = Selecting bag I P(S2) =Probability that six does not occur 
6
E2 = Selecting bag II P(E|S1) = Probability that the man reports that six
E3 = Selecting bag II occurs when six has actually occurred on the die =
A = Drawing a white and a red ball 3
It is given that one of the bags is selected randomly. Probability that the man speaks the truth 
4
1
 P  E1   P(E|S2) = Probability that the man reports that six
3 occurs when six hasn't actually occurred on the die
1 = Probability that the man does not speak the truth
P  E2  
3 3 1
1 1 
P  E3   4 4
3 Thus, by Bayes' theorem, we get
Now, P(S1|E) = Probability that the report of the man that
1
A C1 3 C1 3 six has occurred is actually a six
P 
 6
 E1  C2 15 P S1  P  E / S1 

A 2
C1 1 C1 2 P S1  P  E / S1   P S2  P  E / S2 
P 
 4
 E2  C2 6 1/ 6  3 / 4 1 24 3
  
1/ 6  3 / 4  5 / 6 1/ 4 8 8 8

[6]
30. Let E1, E2, E3 be the events that the balls are drawn  1 495  33
  
from urn A, urn B and urn C respectively, and let E  15 118  118
be the event that the balls drawn are one white and 33
Hence, the required probability is
one red. Therefore,we have, 118
1 31. Consider the following events:
 E1  P
P  E3 
 E2  P
3 A:bulb is manufactured by machine A
Since E1, E2, E3 are mutually exclusive and B: bulb is manufactured by machine B
exhaustive, therefore, we have, C:bulb is manufactured by machine C
E D: Bulb is defective
P   probability that the balls drawn are one
 E1  Now,we have,
white and one red, given that the balls are from urn P(A) = probability that bulb is made by machine
60
1C1 3 C1 3 1 A
A 6
  100
C2 15 5
P(B) = probability that bulb is made by machine
 E
P    probability that the balls drawn are one 25
 E2 
B
100
white and one red, given that the balls are from urn P(C) = probability that bulb is made by machine
2
C1 1 C1 2 1 15
B 4
  C
C2 6 3 100
 E  D
P   probability of defective bulb from
P    probability that the balls drawn are one A
 E3 
1
white and one red, given that the balls are from urn machine A 
4
100
C1 3 C1 12 2

C   D
12
C2 66 11 P   probability of defective bulb from
 B
Therefore, we have,
2
Probability that the balls drawn are from urn A, it machine B 
100
being given that the balls drawn are one white and
D
E  P   probability of defective bulb from
one red  P  1  C
E
1
E machine C 
P    P  E1  100
  E1  C
E  E   E We want to find P   , i.e. Probability that the
P    P  E1   P    P  E 2   P    P  E3  D
 E1   E2   E3  selected defective bulb is manufactured by machine
[by Bayes's theorem] C
C is, P   
1 1 D
 5 3
   P(C)  P(D∣ C)
1 1 1 1  2 1 P( A)  P(D∣ A)  P( B)  P(D∣ B)  P(C)  P(D∣ C)
 5  3    3  3    11  3 
     
[7]
 15 1 15 3
  
 100 100 125 25
60 1 25 2 15 1 Conclusion: Therefore, the probability of selected
    
100 100 100 100 100 100
3
C 15 defective bulb is from machine C is .
P   25
D
  60  50  15

SECTION-D
32. f is one-one: For any x, y  R , we have f (x)  f (y)  (a,a)  R
x y Thus, (a, a)  for all a  Z. So, R is reflexive on Z
 
1 | x | | y | 1 Symmetry: Let (a, b)  R . Then,
(a, b)  R
 xy  x  xy  y when x, y  0
 (a  b) is divisible by n
and x – xy = y – xy when x, y < 0
x y  (a  b)  np for some p  Z
 b  a  n(p)
Therefore, f is one-one function.
 b  a is divisible by n[ p  Z  p  Z]
Onto, let y  (1,1) , then f(x) = y
 (b,a)  R
x
  y when x  0 Thus, (a,b)  R  (b,a)  R for all a,b  Z .
x 1
So, R is symmetric on Z.
y
x Transitivity: Let a, b, c  Z such that (a,b)  R
1 y
and (b,c)  R .
It is clear that x  R for all y  (1,1) , also x  1
Then, (a, b)  R
Because x = –1
 (a  b) is divisible by n
y
  1 a b np for some p  Z
1 y
and, (b,c)  R
 y 1  y
 ( b  c) is divisible by n
which is not possible.
 b  c nq for some q  Z

Thus for each y  (1, 1) there exists
(a, b)  R and (b,c)  R
y
x  R such that a  b np and b  c nq
1 y
 (a  b)  (b  c)  np  nq
y  a  c n(p  q)
x 1 y
f
(x)   y  a  c is divisible by n[ p,q  Z  p  q  Z]
x 1 y
1  (a,c)  R
1 y
Thus, (a, b)  R and (a, c)  R  (a, c)  R for all,
Similarly, we can show for x < 0
a, b, c  Z.
Therefore f is onto function.

34. For x1, x2  R , consider

33. We observe the following properties of relation R.
f  x1   f  x 2 
Reflexivity: For any a  Z
a  a 0 0 n x1 x2
 
 a  a is divisible by n x12 2
 1 x2  1
[8]
  x1x 22  x1 x 2 x12  x 2 3x1  2x2  2x2  3x2
 x1x 2  x 2  x1  x 2  x1  x1 
x2
 x1 x2 or
 x1x2 1 f is one - one function.
We note that there are point, x1 and x2 with x1  x2 Let y be an arbitrary element of B.
and f  x1   f  x 2  for instance, if we take x1  2 Then, f(x) = y implies,
(x  2)
1 2 y
and x 2  , then we have f  x1   and (x  3)
2 5
2 1 (x  3)y x2
f  x 2   but 2  . Hence f is not one-one. Also,
5 2 xy  3y x  2
f is not onto if so then for 1 Rx  R such that f(x)
xy  x  3y  2
x
= 1 which gives 2  1 . But there is no such x (3y  2)
x 1 x
(y  1)
in the domain R, since the equation x2  x 1 0
does not give any real value of x. 3y  2
Clearly, x  is a real number for all y  1 .
y 1
35. Let x1x2 A 3y  2 3y  2
Also,  3 , if we take  3 , we get,
such that f  x1   f  x 2  y 1 y 1

x1  2 x 2  2 1  0 , which is wrong. Thus, every element y in B

 
x1  3 x 2  3 3y  2
has it's pre-image in A given by x  .
y 1
  x1  2 x 2  3   x 2  2 x1  3
Hence f is onto.
 x1x2  3x1  2x2  6
 x1x2  2x1  3x2  6

SECTION-E
36. In an elliptical sport field, the authority wants to
design a rectangular soccer field with the maximum
possible area. The sport field is given by the graph
x 2 y2
of  I

a 2 b2

 b 2 
Let (x, y)  x, a  x 2  be the upper
 a 
right vertex of the rectangle.
b
The area function A  2x  2 a 2  x 2
a
4b
 x a 2  x 2 , x  (0,a).
a

(i)
[9]
 dA 4b  x  6000
(ii)  x  2  a2  x2  (ii) Now, S(r) 2r 2 
dx a  a  x2
r

6000
4b a 2  2x 2  S (r)  4r  2
  r
a a2  x2 To find critical points, put S'(r) = 0
 a  a  4r3  6000
2 x   x    0
4b 2  2 r2
  
a a2  x2 6000
1/3
3  1500 
 r  r  
dA a 4   
0  x  .
dx 2 12000  
Also, S (r) 3 1500  4 
a r 1500
x is the critical point. 
2  4  8  12  0
Thus, the critical point is the point of minima.
37. A tin can manufacturer designs a cylindrical tin can
for a company making sanitizer and disinfectors. 38. (i) If P is the rent price per apartment and N is
The tin can is made to hold 3 litres of sanitizer or the number of rented apartments, the profit is
disinfector. The cost of material used to given by NP – 500 N = N(P – 500)
manufacture the tin can is ₹100/m2. [ ₹500/month is the maintenance charge
for each occupied unit]
(ii) Let R be the rent price per apartment and N
is the number of rented apartments.
Now, if x be the number of non-rented
apartments, then N(x) = 50 – x and R(x) =
10000 + 250x – 500
Thus, profit = P(x) = NR = (50 – x) (10000 +
250 x – 500)
(i) Given, r cm is the radius and h cm is the = (50 – x) (9500 + 250 x) = 250(50 – x)(38 + x)
height of required cylindrical can. (iii) We have, P(x) = 250(50 – x) (38 + x)
Given that, volume of cylinder Now, P'(x) = 250[50 – x – (38 + x)]
=3 = 3000 cm3  1  1000 cm3  = 250[12 – 2x]
For maxima/minima, put P'(x) = 0
3000  12  2x  0  x  6
r 2 h 3000 
   h
r 2 Number of apartments are 6.
Now, the surface area, as a function of r is OR
given by P (x) 250(12  2x)

 3000 
S(r)  2r 2  2rh  2r 2  2r  2  P (x) 
500  0
 r 
6000  P(x) is maximum at x = 6
2r 2 
r
■■■

[10]
 SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER
SESSION 2025-2026
Class 12th MATHEMATICS SET-03

Hints & Solutions

SECTION-A
4 Here the differential equation is
1. (D) 2
3  d y   dy 
2 2
 dy 
4  2     xsin  
 dx   dx   dx 
3
Now for degree to exist the given differential
equation must be a polynomial in some
2. (B) x cos y  C
differentials.
dy dy d 2 y dn y
Given: x  cot y Here differentials mean or 2 or.... n
dx dx dx dx
Separating the variable, we obtain
The given differential equation is not polynomial
dy dx
 dy
cot y x because of the term sin and hence degree of
dx
dx such a differential equation is not defined.
tan ydy 
x
Integrating both sides, we obtain 5. (A) 7
dx Clearly, the given line passes through the point
 tanydy   x (4, 2, k).
logsec
 y log x  logc Since, the given line lies in the plane 2x – 4y + z =
C  x cos y 7, so the above point lies in this plane.
(2  4)  (4  2)  k 
7
3. (D) zero k 7.
Since the lines intersect. Hence they have a
common point in them. Hence the distance will be 6. (A) 
y 1  
x2 log | sin x | c
zero.
1 x  dy (cot x  2xy)dx
2

4. (A) not defined dy cot x  2xy

In general terms for a polynomial the degree is the 
dx 1  x2
highest power. dy 2x cot x
Degree of differential equation is defined as the  2
y
dx 1  x 1  x2
highest integer power of highest order derivative in
It is a linear differential equation in y.
the equation
[1]
 Therefore, Solution is 10. (D) 2
2xdx
cot x 
2xdx Given differential equation is

ye  x  1 x e 1 x 2 dx  c
2
 1 1
2 dy  dy  dy 1
y x   
 y x 
dx  dx  dx (dy / dx)
   1cot
x2
y 1 
x
x
1  x  dx  c
2
2
2
 dy   dy 
 y   x   1
y 1  x  cotxdx  c
2
 dx   dx 
 Degree = Power of highest derivative = 2
y 1 x  log | sin x | c
2

11. (B) Parallel

12 4 3 Given
7. (B) 13; , ,
13 13 13 First Plane is 2x – y + 4z = 5
12 4 3 Multiply both sides by 2.5, we get
13; , ,
13 13 13 5x – 2.5y + 10z = 12.5 …(i)
If a line makes angles ,  and  with the axis, then Second Plane is 5x – 2.5y + 10z = 6 …(ii)
Clearly, the direction ratios of normals of both the
cos2   cos2   cos2  1 …(i)
plane (i) and (ii) are same.
Let r be the length of the line segment. Then, Hence, Both the given planes are parallel.
r cos
  12,r  cos  4,r 
cos  3 …(iii)
 (r cos )2  (r cos )2  (r cos )2  122  42  32 x|x|
12. (B) y C

 r 2 cos2   cos2   cos2  169  2

 r 2 (1) 
169 [From (i)] 13. (B) 10
Determinant of these point should be zero
 r 169
 r 13 1 3 2
r 13 (since length cannot be negative) 4 2 2 0
Substituting r  13 in (ii) 5 5 
We get, 1(2  10)  3(4  10)  2(20  10) 0
12 4 3 10 10  30  60 100
cos 
 ,cos
  ,cos
 
13 13 13  10
Thus, the direction cosines of the line are
12 4 3  3
, , 14. (A)  2, 2 
13 13 13  
8. (C) 2  3
The pairs  2,  is not feasible. Because the degree
We know that,  2
The degree is the power of the highest order of any differential equation cannot be rational type.
derivative. If so, then we use rationalization and convert it into
The highest order is 2 and its power is 2. an integer.
Hence, the degree of a differential equation is 2.
15. (C) (1,2, 2)
9. (D) 3 30 (1,2, 2)
Use formula for shortest distance between two Direction ratios of OP = Coordinates of
skew lines. P - Coordinates of O
1,2, 2  (x  0),(y  0),(z  0)
[2]
 Thus, coordinates of P are (1,2, 2)  2

2 3
 dy   dy   dy 
  y  x       2  9 
  dx   dx    dx 
16. (D) 2, 1
  dy 2  d 2 y Hence, order is 1 and degree is 4.
We have 1      2
  dx   dx 19. (C) Assertion is true, but Reason is false.
 Order = 2 and degree = 1 Assertion is true because distinct elements in Z
(domain) has distinct images in Z (codomain).
x  2 y 1 z Reason is false because of: A  B is said to be
17. (C)  
1 2 2 surjective if every element of B has at least one pre-
x  2 y 1 z Image in A.
 
1 2 2
20. (A) Both Assertion and Reason arc true, and the
18. (B) 1, 4 Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.
Given, y  cx  c2  3c3/2  2 …(i) Given A = {0, 1}
On differentiating both sides w.r.t. x, we get f(2n – 1) = 0, f(2n) = 1 ∀ n ∈ N
dy ⇒ every element in A has its preimage in N.
C …(ii) so Assertion is true.
dx
From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we have and we know range is subset or equal to codomain
2 3/2 so Reason is true.
dy  dy   dy 
y  x     3  2 and for onto function, Range = Codomain
dx  dx   dx  so Reason is correct explanation of Assertion.
2 3/2
dy  dy   dy 
yx     2 3 
dx  dx   dx 

SECTION-B
21. 3 2
h(x)  x  x  x  1 22. We know that Volume of right circular cone

 h (x)  3x 2  2x  1 r 2 h

3
h(x)  0
V   r h 
 3x2  2x 1 0   2rh  r 2 
t 3  t t 
2  2 2i v 
x  (108  3  81 2)
6 t 3
1  2i v 
 , R  (162)  54 cm3 / min
3 t 3
Therefore, there does not exist c  R such that Therefore Volume is decreasing at rate
h'(c) = 0, i.e, there are no real critical points. 54 cm3 / min.
Hence, function h does not have maxima or
minima.
1
23. Given: f (x) x  x  x 1
x
1 x2 1
 f  (x)  1  (1)x 2  1  
x2 x2

[3]
 (x  1)(x  1) x1
f  (x)
  (i)
x2 Clearly f  (x)  0 if x  1
Here for every x either x  1 or x  1
f  (x)  0 if x  1
 for x  1, x  2 (say)
()() Hence f(x) increases in (, 1), decreases in
f  (x)  ()  0 (1, )
( )
And for x > 1, x = 2 (say),
()() 25. We have
f  (x)  ()  0
() f (x)  x 2  4x  6
f  (x)  0 for all x  I, hence f(x) is strictly or f  (x)
 2x  4
increasing on I.
Therefore, f  (x)  0 gives x  2 .
Now the point x  2 divides the real line into two
24. Given: f (x) (x  2)e x
disjoint intervals namely, (,2) and (2, ) .
f  (x) e x  e x (x  2)
 e x (1  x  2)
x
In the interval (,2),f  (x)
 2x  4  0 .
e (x  1)

And in interval (2, ),f  (x)  2x  4  0
For critical points
 (i) f is increasing in (2, )
f  (x)  0
and (ii) f is decreasing in (,2)
 e x (x  1) 0

SECTION-C
(2x  1) 2x  1 3 1 7 1
26. Let, I   (x  2)(x  3)dx    
(x  2)(x  3) 5 x  2 5 x  3
Using partial fractions we have, 2x  1 3 1 7 1
2x  1 A B  (x  2)(x

 3)
dx
5x2
dx  
5 x 3
dx
  …(i)
(x  2)(x  3) x  2 x  3 3 7
 log | x  2 |  log | x  3| c
Which implies 2x 
1 A(x  3)  B(x  2) 5 5
Now put x  3 0,x 3
2  3 
1 A(0)  B(3  2) 27. According to the question,
  
So B 
1 
I  e2x  sin   x  dx
0  4 
…(i)
5
By using integration bi parts, we get
Now put x  2 0,x 2
  d   
4  1 A(2  3)  B(0)
4   
 dx  4  

sin   x  e2x dx   sin   x  e2x dx dx

3
So A    e2x   e2x
5  sin   x 
4  2 
 cos   x 
4  2
dx
From equation (1), we get,
e2x   1  

2
sin   x   e2x
 4  2 
II cos 
 4
 x  dx

[4]
 By using integration by parts for second integral, 1

 e2  1
we get 5 2 

e2x   1 1
e2  1 sq units.
 sin   x   I 
2 4  2 5 2 

   e2x   e2x 
cos   x  
  sin   x  dx  /2
 4  2 4  2  28. Let I  0
f (sin 2x)sin xdx …(i)

e2x   e2x   /2      

 sin   x   cos   x 
2 4  4 4 
Then,I  0
f sin 2   x sin   x  dx
 2   2 
1 2x     f (a  x)dx 
a a

4e sin   x  dx
4   
0
f (x)dx
  0 
e2x      1 /2
 I1

4
2sin   x   cos   x   I1
 4  4  4
 I
  0
f{sin(  2x)}cos xdx
/2
[Fromeq.(ii)] 
 I  f (sin 2x)cos xdx
0
…(ii)

1 e2x      Adding (i) and (ii), we get


 I1  I1 2sin   x   cos   x 
4 4  4  4  /2

2x
2I  0
f (sin 2x)(sin x  cos x)dx
5 e     

 I1 2sin   x   cos   x  /4
4 4  4  4   2I 2
  0
f (sin 2x)(sin x  cos x)dx

e2x      /4  1 1 
 I1

5 
2sin   x   cos   x 
4  4 
 2I 2 2  0
f (sin 2x) 
 2
sin x 
2
cos x  dx

From (i) and (ii), we get  /4  
 2I 2 2 ∬ f (sin 2x)sin  x   dx
4
I1 0
 I
 0 
      /4 


 e2x        2I 2 2 f sin 2   x  sin   x   dx
  2sin   x   cos   x    4   4
0 4
 5  4  4   0
By using the property of defnite integrals
 2        f (a  x)dx 
a a

1
e 2sin      cos     
 4  4 
   0
f (x)dx
  0 
  
5       /4      
  e0 2sin   0   cos   0  
  4  4  
 2I 2 2
 
0
f sin   2x sin   x  dx
 2   2 
/4
1  2       
 
5 
e 2sin  cos   e0 2sin  cos 
4 4  4 4 
 2I 
2 2 
0
f (cos2x)cos xdx
/4

1 
 e2 2 
1 1   1 1 
 I2  0
f (cos2x)cos xdx
   12   
5  2 2  2 2  Hence,
/2 /4
1  1  1 
 e 2     0
f (sin 2x)sin xdx  2  0
f (cos2x)cos xdx
5  2 2

[5]
 1 1 e2x
29. Given
 I  log x  1 dx
0

2  
cot x  e2x cot xdx  e2x cot xdx  C
1 1 x e2x
I  log
0 x
dx  (i) I
2
cot x  C

1 1  (1  x)
 I log 0 1 x
dx 31. According to the question,
x3
 f (a  x)dx  
a a
Let I  dx
 0
f (x)dx
 
0  x 4  3x 2  2
x 1 x2  x
 I log
0 1 x 
dx …(ii) I  x 4  3x 2  2
dx

Adding Equations. (i) and (ii), Let x 2 

t  2xdx 
dt
1 1 x 1 x dt
2I
0
log
x  dx  log
0 1 x
dx   xdx 
2
1 1 x x  1 t

 2I  log
0 x
 log dx 
1 x 
 I 2
2 t  3t  2 dt

 1 x x  1 t

1
 dt

 2I  log 
0

x 1  x 
dx 2 (t  2)(t  1)
[ log m  log n  log(m  n)] t A B
 
1 (t  2)(t  1) t  2 t  1
 2I
  log1dx[
0
 log1 0]
1 t 1 A B
1 I  
2 (t  2)(t  1)
dt  
2 t  2 t 1
dt.(i)
 2I  0dx 0
0
t A(t  1)  B(t  2)
 I 0
if t  2  2  A(1),A  2
 1  sin 2x  if t  1  1  B(1), B  1
30. According to the question, I  e2x 
 1  cos2x 
 dx  put values of A and B in (i)
 1  2sin x cos x  1 2 1 

 e2x 
 2sin 2 x
 dx

I 
2 t2
dt   dt
t  1  
 1  cos 2x  2sin 2 x  1
 [2log | t  2 |  log | t  1|]  C
  2
 and sin 2x  2sin x cos x 
1
1 2x  log | t  2 |  log | t  1| C
2 
e cosec2 xdx  e2x cot xdx  2
Using integration by parts for first integral:  log | t  2 |  log t  1  C
1  2x  d 2x   t2
2 
e cosec2 xdx  
 dx
e   
cosec2 xdx dx 
 
 log
t 1
C

put t  x 2

 e2x cot xdx
1 x2  2
2  
 e2x cot x  2e2x cot xdx   C  e2x cot xdx  I log
x2  1
C

[6]
 SECTION-D
2 3 5  1 
32. Given: Matrix
 A 3 2 4  2
1 1 2 3 
2 3 5 Therefore,
x 1,
y 2 and
z 3

| A | 3 2 4
1 1 2 1 1 1
33. Let u, v and  w
x y z
| A | 2(4  4)  (3)(6  4)  5(3  2)
2u  3v  10w  4
0  6  5 1  0 4u  6v  5w 1
1 6u  9v  20w  2
A1 exists and A1  (adj.A)...(i)
|A| 2 3 10  u   4
A11 0,A 2,A     1 
Now,   12  13 1 and A21  1, A 4 6 5  ,X   v  ,B 
 
A22  9, and
A31 2,A 23,A 6 9 20  w  2
 32  33 13
 2 3 10
 0 2 1  0 1 2 
 1 9 5 2 9 23 Now, | 
A | 4 6 5
 adj. A     
 2 23 13  1 5 13  6 9 20
 2[120  45]  3[80  30]  10[36  36]
From eq. (i),
 150  330  720  1200  0
0 1 2   0 1 2   A is non-singular and hence A–1 exists.
1 
1
A  2 9 23  2 9 23
A11 75,A
1    Now,  12 110,A
 13 72
1 5 13  1 5 13
A21  150, A22  100, A23  0
Now, Matrix form of given equations is AX = B A31  75, A32  30, A33  2
2 3 5   x  11   75 150 75 
 3 2 4  y  5
  adjA 110 100 30 
1 1 2 z   3  72 0 24
2 3 5  x  11   75 150 75 
   
  y  and B  5 1 1 
Here  A 3 2 4 ,X A 1
 (adjA) 110 100 30 
|A| 1200 
1 1 2 z   3  72 0 24
Therefore, solution is unique and X = A–1B X  A1B
 x   0 1 2  11  600
  y  2 9 23 5
   
1 
400
z   1 5 13  3 1200 
240
 056  1
22  45  69 2
 
 11  25  39  1
 
3
 
1
 5 
[7]
 1 1 2 0
 
 y  2 35. We have, A 2 1 2 …(i)
 v   1 0 1 1
  3
 w     | A |1(3)  2(2)  0 1  0
1
Now, A11 
3,A12 
2,A13 
2,A21
 5 
1 1 1 2,A22 
 1,A23 
1,A31 
4,A32 
2
u
 ,v  ,w
2 3 5 and A33  3
1 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 2 3 2 4
T
 , ,
x 2 y 3 z 5 adj(A) 
2 1 1 
2 1 2
x
 2,
y 3,z
 5 4 2 3 2 1 3
adjA
 2 2 4 1 1 0 A1 
   2 3 4 | A|
34. We have, A 4 2 4 ,B    3 2 4
 2 1 5  0 1 2 1
 2 1 2 
1 1 0  2 2 4 1
 2 1 3 
 BA 2 3 4 4 2 4
3 2 4
0 1 2  2 1 5  2
A  1
 1 2  …(i)
6 0 0   2 1 3 
 0 6 0 6I
Also, we have the system of linear equations as
0 0 6 x  2y  10
 2 2 4 2x  y  z 8
A 1 1
B   A  4 2 4
1
and 2y  z 7
6 6 6
 2 1 5  Now, the given system of equations can be
Also, x  
y 3,2x  3y  4z
 17 and y  2z 
7 rewritten in the form AX  B ,
1 1 0  x   3  1 2 0  x  10
 2 3 4  y  17 where, A 2 1 1 X  y  and B  8 
   
 
0 1 2 z   7  0 2 1  z   7 
1 Since A is non singular, therefore given system of
 x  1 1 0  3  equations has a unique solution given by,
  y  2 3 4 17
    X  A1B
z  0 1 2  7 
 x  3 2 2 10
 2 2 4  3    y   2 1 1   8 
  
1
 4 2 4 17 [using Eq. (i)] z  4 2 3   7 
6
 2 1 5   7 
30  60  14  0 
 6  34  28  12   2    20  8  7   5
1  1   
 12  34  28  6  1  40  16  21  3
6 6
 6  17  35   24   4   x 0, y 5 and z 3
 x 2, y 1 and z 4
[8]
 SECTION-E
36. An Apache helicopter of the enemy is flying along
the curve given by y = x2 + 7. A soldier, placed at
(3, 7) want to shoot down the helicopter when it is
nearest to him.

(i) Let x be the number of extra days after 1st

July.
 Price = ₹(300 – 3 × x) = ₹(300 – 3x)
Quantity = 80 quintals + x(1 quintal per day)
= (80 + x) quintals
Revenue = R(x) = Quantity × Price =
(i) P  x1 , y1  is on the curve 
y x2  7 (80 + x) (300 – 3x) = 24000 – 240x + 300x –
 y1  x12  7 3x2
R(x) = 24000 + 60x – 3x2

Distance from p x1,x12  7 and (3, 7)  (ii) We have, R(x) – 24000 + 60x – 3x2

 x   R (x) 
60  6x  R  (x) 
6
2
D
  x1  32 2
1 77
For R(x) to be maximum,
 
2
  x1  3
2
 x12 R'(x) = 0 and R"(x) < 0
 60  6x  0  x 10
 D x14  x12  6x1  9
1000 125
(ii) D x14  x12  6x1  9 38. (i) I(x)
We have,  2

x (600  x)2
D  x14  x12  6x1  9
2000 250
  I (x)  and
dD x 3
(600  x)3
 4x13  2x1  6 0
dx 6000 750
 I (x)  
dD x 4
(600  x)4
 2x13  x1  3 0
dx
For maxima/minima, I (x)  0
  x1 1  2x12 
 2x1  3 
0x1
2000 250
 3 3
 x)3 x3
 8(600 
x1 1 and 2x12  2x
 1  3 0 gives no real x (600  x)
roots Taking cube root on both sides, we get
The critical point is (1, 8). 2(600  x)  x  1200  3x  x  400
Thus, I is minimum when you are at 400 feet
37. The Government declare that farmers can get ₹300 from the strong intensity lamp post.
per quintal for their onions on 1st July and after that, (ii) At a distance of 200 feet from the weaker
the price will be dropped by ₹3 per quintal per extra lamp post.
day. Govind's father has 80 quintals of onions in the Since I(x) is minimum when 400 feet,
field on 1st July and he estimates that the crop is therefore the darkest spot between the two
increasing at the rate of 1 quintal per day. light is at a distance of 400 feet from a

[9]
 stronger lamp post, i.e., at a distance of 600 OR
– 400 = 200 feet from the weaker lamp post. 1000 125
l(x)
We know that  
1000 125 x 2
(600  x)2
(iii) 2

x (600  x)2 When x  400
Since, the distance is x feet from the stronger 1000 125
l(x)
 
light, therefore the distance from the weaker 160000 (600  400)2
light will be 600 – x.
1 125 1 1 3
So, the combined light intensity from both      units
160 40000 160 320 320
1000 125
lamp posts is given by 2
 .
x (600  x)2
■■■

[10]
 SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER
SESSION 2025-2026
Class 12th MATHEMATICS SET-05

Hints & Solutions

SECTION-A
���� ����
1. (B) the problem is to be re-evaluated  (a  b)  (a  b)  (a  b)  (a  b)
The optimisation of the objective function of a LPP ���� 2
 | a |2 2a  b | b | | a |2 2a  b | b |2
is governed by the constraints. Therefore, if the ����
constraints in a linear programming problem are  2a  b 2a  b
� �
changed, then the problem needs to be re-evaluated.  4a  b 0
� �
 ab 0
2. (A)
�
� �
�  ab
If a and b are two-unit vectors inclined at an angle
� �
 such that | a  b |  1 5. (A) 1260
� � � �
• Given: | a | 1,| b | 1 and | a  b |  1 . We have, Maximize Z = 100x + 120y, subject to
constraints 2x  3y  30,3x  y  17, x  0, y  0.
• Squaring both sides:
� � Corner points Z = 100x +120 y
| a  b |2  1 P( 0 , 0 ) 0
�� �� Q(3 , 8) 1260………………….(Max.)
| a |  | b |2 2a.b  1
R( 0, 10 ) 1200
1 + 1 + 2(l)(l)cos  < 1
S(17/3 , 0 ) 1700/3
2 + 2 cos  < 1 Hence the maximum value is 1260
2 cos  < – 1  cos < – 1/2
• In the range [0, ], cos  = –1/2 at  = 2/3. 41
6. (D) sq units
Since cosine is decreasing in this interval, for 2
cos  < –1/2, the angle must be larger. �
a 3iˆ  4 ˆj
�
3. (A) q = 3p b 5iˆ  7 ˆj
Since Z occurs maximum at (15, 15) and (0, 20), 1 � �
therefore, 15p + 15q = 0p + 20q For area of triangle we require |ab|
2
 q = 3p. � �
ab  41kˆ
� � 1 � � 1 41
4. (A) ab | a
b| 412

�� �� 2 2 2
Here | a  b || a  b |
�� ��
 | a  b |2 | a  b |2
[1]
7. (B) bounded in first quadrant The corner points are obtained by drawing the lines
Converting the given inequations into equations, x + 2y =120, x + y = 60 and x – 2y = 0. The points
we obtain y = 6, x + y = 3, x = 0 and y = 0, y = 6 is so obtained are (60,30), (120,0), (60,0) and (40,20)
the passing through (0,6) and parallel to the X axis.
Corner points Z = 5x + 10y
The region below the line y = 6 will satisfy the given
inequation. The line x + y = 3 meets the coordinate D(60 ,30 ) 600
axis at A(3, 0) and B(0, 3). Join these points to A(120,0) 600
obtain the line x + y = 3 Clearly, (0, 0) satisfies the
B(60,0) 300……………………..(Min.)
inequation x  y  3 . So, the region in x y -plane
that contains the origin represents the solution set of C(40,20) 400
the given equation. Here, Z = 300 is minimum at (60, 0).
The region represented by x  0 and y  0 :
Since every point in the first quadrant satisfies these
inequations. So, the first quadrant is the region 10. (C) 10iˆ  3jˆ  4kˆ
represented by the inequations. The vector perpendicular to both the vectors
�� ��
a and b a  b
ˆi ˆj kˆ
1 2 1
4 4 7

 i(14  4)  ˆj(7  4)  k(
ˆ 4  8)

10iˆ  3jˆ  4kˆ

11. (D) 47
We have, Maximise the function Z = 11x + 7y,
subject to the constraints: x ≤ 3, y ≤ 2, x ≥ 0,
y ≥ 0.
2 Corner points Z = 11x +7 y
8. (A)
3 C(0, 0 ) 0
a  b 2(1)  ( 1)(2)  1(2) B (3,0) 33
Projection = 
|b| 12  22  22 D(0,2 ) 14
222 2 A(3, 2) 47
  .
9 3
Hence the function has maximum value of 47.

9. (D) Minimum Z = 300 at (60, 0)

Objective function is Z = 5x + 10 y …(1)
The given constraints are:
x  2y  120, x  y  60, x  2y  0, x, y  0.
The corner points are obtained by drawing the lines
x + 2y = 120, x + y = 60 and x – 2y = 0.
[2]
 27 14. (A)  1
12. (B) 3, � �
2 ˆ b  2iˆ  4ˆj  5kˆ and c� ˆi  2jˆ  3kˆ ,
a  ˆi  ˆj  k,
�
(2iˆ  6ˆj  27k)
ˆ  (iˆ  ˆj  k)
ˆ 0 � �
b  c  (  2)iˆ  6jˆ  2kˆ
ˆi ˆj kˆ � �
� | b  c| (  2) 2  40
2 6 27 ˆi(6  27)  ˆj(2  27)  k(2
ˆ   6) 0,
1   Therefore, a unit vector along
� �
b  c is given by:
equating the coefficients of ˆi, ˆj, kˆ on both sides, se � �
get b  c (  2)iˆ  6ˆj  2kˆ
� � 
(6  27
 ) 0,(2  27)
 0,(2  
6) 0. |b  c| (  2) 2  40

solving,we get   3,  
27 Also, scalar product of ˆi  ˆj  kˆ with above unit
2 vector is 1.
ˆ ˆ ˆ
ˆ  (  2)i  6 j  2k 
 (iˆ  ˆj  k) 1
13. (A) Z has no maximum value
(  2) 2  40
Objective function is Z = – x + 2y …(1)
The given constraints are:  (  6)2  (  2)2  40    1
x ≥ 3, x + y ≥ 5, x + 2y ≥ 6, y ≥ 0.
y
15. (A) given by corner points of the feasible region
It is known that the optimal value of the objective
function is attained at any of the corner point. Thus,
the optimal value of the objective function is
attained at the points given by corner points of the
feasible region.

16. (D) 7
O x � �
| a  b |
35
� �
 | a || b | sin  35
35 5
 
sin  
26  7 26
25 1
 cos  1  sin 2  1 
26 26
Here, the open half plane has points in common ���� 1
with the feasible region. ab | a | b | cos
 26  7   7
26
Therefore, Z has no maximum value.

17. (C) {(x, y) : x  2, y  4}

{(x, y) : x  2, y  4} is the region between two
perpendicular lines, so any line segment joining any
two points in it lies in it. Hence, it is a convex set.

[3]
18. (D) 14
| a |2  | b |2 2 | a || b | cos(180  )
1/2
| a
b|
3iˆ  ˆj  kˆ and 2iˆ  ˆj  8kˆ are perpendicular to each
Putting values in R.H.S.
other
| a  b | {1  1  2 11 ( cos )}1/2
 (3iˆ  ˆj  k)
ˆ  (2iˆ  ˆj  8k)
ˆ 0
 6    8  0    14
(2  2cos )1/2

2 1/2
    
19. (D)  2  2  sin  
  2  
If the max value occurs at two corner points, it
occurs at every point on the line segment joining 
these two points. Hence, infinite solutions.  2sin
2

 | a  b | 2sin
20. (C) sin 2
2 1 
Since a and b are unit vectors |a| = |b| =1 | a  b |sin
Let angle be x between vectors a and b 2 2

SECTION-B
1  log 2  1  log 2
21. Let I   2 2 2 2
dx
a sin x  b cos x  2log 2  1
Dividing the numerator and denominator of the  log 4  loge
given integrand by cos2 x, we obtain
4
1 sec 2 x  log
I  e
a sin x  b 2 cos 2 x
2 2
dx  a 2 tan 2 x  b 2 dx
2
23. 
Let I 0 2  x 2 dx . Then, we have
Putting tan x = t and sec x dx = dt, we get
2

dt 1 dt 2
I   t 2  (b / a)2 I 0 ( 2) 2  x 2 dx
a 2 t 2  b2 a 2

2
1 1  t  1 1 x 
  tan 1  C  I  x 2  x 2  ( 2) 2 sin 1
 
a 2 b/a
b/a 2 2 2 0

I
1
ab
1  at 
tan   C
b
1
ab
 a tan x 
tan 1 
 b 
C   
 0  sin 1 (1)  0  sin 1 0   
2

24. 2 sin 7 xdx
Let I  
1
Let I
22.  0 log(1  x)dx, then 2

1 Here f(x) = sin7x

I 0 log(1  x)  1dx
 sin 7 (x)
 f (x)
1 x
 [log(1  x)x]10   dx ( sin x)7
01 x

1 1   sin 7 x 
 f (x)
 [log(1  x)x]10   1  dx
0 1 x   f (x) is an odd function of x.
 [x log(1  x)]10  [x  log(1  x)]10
[4]
  2 2 2 2 0 2 2 1
2 sin 7 xdx  x   x   x   x 
I   0    x          x
2  2 1  2 1  2 0  2 1
a 2
�   x 2 
 a f (x)dx  0 when f (x) is an odd function     x
 2 1
  1   1   1   3  
2  (4)          {2}        
25. LetI 1 (| x  1|  | x |  | x  1|)dx,   2    2  2   2  
2 2 2   1 
I   |x  1| dx   |x | dx   |x  1| dx  (0)     
1 1 1   2 
2 0 2 1  1  1   1  19
 1(x  1)dx  1 xdx  0 xdx  1(x  1)dx  4       {2}  {2}    
 2 2 2 2
2
  (x  1)dx
1

SECTION-C
26. According to the question, On integrating both sides, we get
Given differential equation is, v dy
 2e dv  
2yex/y dx  y  2xex/y dy 
0  y

 2ev 
 log | y | C

 x   x
 2e x/ y  log | y| C  put v … (ii)
 2xe y  y   y 
 
dx   On substituting x = 0 and y = 1 in Eq. (ii), we get

dy  x 
 2ye y  2e0  log |1| C  C  2
  On substituting the value of C in Eq. (ii), we get
 
2ex/y + log |y| = 2
The given differential equation is a homogeneous
which is the required particular solution of the given
differential equation.
differential equation.
Put x = vy,
dx dv
 vy
 OR
dy dy

dv 2ve v  1 The given differential equation is,

vy v
dy 2e
v
1  x 2  dx
dy
 1  y 2  0, y  1, when x  0
dv 2ve  1
 y  v
dy 2e v 
 1  x2  dx
dy
 1  y 2 
2ve v  1  2ve v
 1 1
2e v  dy 
 dx
dy v
1 y 2
1  x2  
 2e dv 
y Integrating both sides, we get

[5]
 1 1 ye   Qe
Pdx Pdx
 dx  c
 1  y2 dy   dx
1  x 2  1 1
y     x 2  dx  c
 tan 1 y 
 tan 1 x  C x x
y
 tan 1 y  tan 1 x 
C.   xdx  c
x
Given: x = 0, y = 1
y x 2
Substituting the values of x and y in (i), we get  c
x 2

0C y x2
4  c

x 2

C 2y  x3 
2cx
4
Substituting the value of C in (i), we get  x3  2cx  2y 
0 is the required solution.

tan 1 y  tan 1 x  OR
4

 tan 1 x  tan 1 y 
4 1  x2  dx
dy 1
 2xy  2
1 x
 xy   Divide both sides by 1 + x2
 tan 1  
 1  xy  4 dy 2xy 1
 

xy
1

dx 1  x 2

1  x  1  x2
2
 
1  xy
dy  2x  1
 x  y 1  xy  y 
dx  1  x 2 
 
2
1  x2
Hence, x + y = 1 – xy is the required solution.
dy
Comparing with  Py 
Q
27. xdy – (y – x3)dx = 0 dx
This can be written as 2x 1
xdy = (y – x3)dx P and Q 
1  x 2 
2 2
1 x
Divide throughout by x,
dy y Finding Integrating factor:
  x2
dx x
IF  e 
Pdx
dy y
  x 2 2x
dx x  1 x 2
This is a linear differential equation of the form, IF  e dx
dy
 Py  Q Let 1  x 2 
t
dx Diff. w.r.t. x
The integrating factor I.F is
dt
1 1
log 
2x 
 dx 1 dx
e
Pdx  log x x
 e x dx e e
x dt
dx 
The required solution is 2x

[6]
 2x dt It is given that y (0) = 1 i.e. y = 1 when x = 0. Putting
 t 2x
Thus, IF  e x = 0 and y = 1 in (i), we
dt
t 1 1
IF  e 0 CC
2 2
IF  elog|t| 1
Putting C  in (i), we get,
IF = t 2
IF = 1 + x2 1 1
Solution of the differential equation: log | y |
 cos 2x 
2 2
y  I.F.  Q  [Link] 1
 log | y |(1  cos 2x)
Putting values 2
sin 2 x
 log | y |
y  
1 x 2
  2 2 1  x  dx
1 2

1  x  esin
| y |
2
x

 1

2
y 1  x2 
 1  x 2 dx yesin x

  2 2
yesin x
or, y esin x


y 1  x  tan 2
 1
x  C ….(1) 2
But, y  esin x
is not satisfied by y(0) = 1
Putting that y = 0 and x = 1,
2

  Hence, y  esin x
2
0 1  1 tan (1)  C 1 is the required solution.
OR

0 C The given differential equation can be rewritten as
4

C 
4

dy
 2
2x 2  x 2x 2  x  
Putting value of C in eq(1), dx  
x 3  x 2  x  1 x (x  1)  (x  1)
 
y 1  x 2 tan 1 x  C
  2x 2  x  
 2x 2  x 
 dy 
 
  dx
 
y 1  x 2 tan 1 x 

4
(x  1)  x 2  1

 (x  1)  x  1 
2

28. The given differential equation is,   dy 


 2x 2  x 
dx (i)
dy (x  1)  x 2  1
 ysin 2x
dx [integrating both sides]
1
 dy 
y
sin 2xdx  2x 2  x  dx  C
y  (x  1) x 2  1
1
 
  dy 
 sin2xdx [Integrating both sides]
y where C is an arbitrary constant.

1
 log | y | cos 2x  C(i)
2
[7]
 2x 2  x A Bx  C 1 2x  2  1 
Let    dy      tan x  dx
 
(x  1) x  1 (x  1) x 2  1
2
  2 1 x
2
 1  x2  
Integrating both sides, we get,
Therefore,
1 2x  2  
2x 2   
x A x 2  1  (Bx  C)(x  1)(ii)  dy   2  1  x 2   1  x 2  tan
1
x dx

1
Put x = –1 in (ii), we have, 2A = 1  A  1 2x  1 
2 y
  dx  2   tan 1 x dx
2 1  x2 1  x 2

Put x = 0 in (ii), we have, A + C = 0
1  1 
1 
 y log 1  x 2  2  tan 1 x dx
CA  2 1  x 2

2
Put x = 1 in (ii), we have, 2A + 2B + 2C = 3. Putting tan–1 x = t
1
3 1 1 3 3  dx 
dt
 ABC  B   B 1  x2
2 2 2 2 2
1
1 3 1 
 y log 1  x 2  2  tdt
A
 ,B and
C 2
2 2 2
1
3 1  log 1  x 2  t 2  C
1 dx  x  2
2 2
y   dx  C
  1
 
2
2 (x  1) 2
x 1  log 1  x 2  tan 1 x C
2
1 3 2x 1 1
 
2
y
 log | x  1|   dx  tan 1 x  C Hence, 
y log 1  x 2  tan 1 x C
2 4 x 1
2 2   2
is the solution to the given differential equation.
1 3 2x 1
y
 log | x  1|   dx  tan 1 x  C OR
2 4 x2  1 2   Given differential equation may be rewritten as,
1 3 1
y
2
log | x  1|  log x 2  1  tan 1 x  C
4 2
dy
dx
 
1  x 2 1  y2  
x 
Therefore, dy 2
1 3 1
 1 
y2
 1 dx
y log | x  1|  log x 2  1  tan 1 x  C
2 4 2
x3
is the required solution. tan 1 y  xC
3

29. The given differential equation is, x 0, y 1  C 
4

1  x 2  dx
dy
x2 tan 1 x Therefore, particular solution is,
x3 
tan 1 y  x

 1  x2  dy
dx
 x  2 tan 1 x 3 4

 x  2  1 
dy 
 
2   tan x  dx
1  x  1  x2  

[8]
 dy e x dv dx
30. Separate variables:  dx  
2
c
1  y 2 1  e2 x 1  (v) x

Integrate both sides:  tan 1 v ln | x | c

dy ex Resubstituting the value of y = vx, we get,
    dx
1  y2  
2
1  ex y
 tan 1   
ln | x | c
tan 1  tan  e   C
y 1 x
x

Apply boundary conditions:

31. The given differential equation is,
x   tan 1  e0   C
1 : tan 1 1 
0, y 
dy y y
  sin  
   dx x x
 C C 
4 4 2 This is a homogeneous differential equation
 dy dv
Final Solution: tan–1 y + tan–1 (ex) = . Putting y vx and  v  x , we get
2 dx dx
OR
dv
The given differential equation is, vx v  sin v

dx
dy
x2  x 2  xy  y 2 x
dv
v  sin v  v

dx dx
dy x 2  xy  y 2 1 1
  2  dv  dx
dx x sin v x
dy y y
2 Integrating both sides, we have,
 1    
dx x x 1 1
 sin vdv   x dx
dy y
 f 
 1
dx x   cosecvdv 
 xdx
 the given differential equation is a homogenous
v
equation.  log tan log | x |  log C

2
The solution of the given differential equation is:
Put y = vx v
 log tan log | x |  log C

dy dv 2
 v  x
dx dx v
 log tan log | Cx |

dv vx  vx 
2 2
vx 1     1  v  (v) 2
dx x  x  v
 tan Cx

dv 2
x 1  v  (v) 2  v 1  (v) 2
dx y
Putting v  , we get
dv dx x
 
1  (v) x2  y 
 tan    Cx
Integrating both the sides we get:  2x 

[9]
  y  Solution of the equation is given by,
Hence tan tan    Cx is the require solution.
 2x   Q  ( I.F. )dx  c
y  ( I.F. ) 
OR
The given differential equation is,
y esin x
    sinx cos xesin xdx  c
dy Let sin x  t
 y cos x 
sin x cos x
dx cos xdx  dt
It is a linear differential equation. Comparing it ye t  t  e t dt  c
with,
dy
 Py 
Q
  
t   et dt   1 et dt dt  c
dx
yet  tet  et  c
P cos
 x,Q sin x cos x
yet et (t  1)  c
I.F.  e 
pdx

y  t  1  ce t
 e
cosxdx

y sin x  1  ce sin x


 esin x
SECTION-D
32. (a) We have Therefore, the foot of the perpendicular is (2, 3, -1)
x  3 y 1 z  4 The foot of the perpendicular is the mid-point of the
    line joining (0, 2, 3) and (, β, ) Therefore, we have
5 2 3
0
Therefore, the foot of the perpendicular is  2   4
(5  3,2  1,3  4) 2
2
The direction ratios of the perpendicular is  3   4
2
(5  3  0) : (2  1  2) : (3  4  3)
3
 (5  3) : (2  1) : (3  7)  1    5
2
Direction ratio of the line is 5 : 2 : 3 Thus, the image is (4, 4, –5)
OR
Given points are A(3, – 4, –5) and B(2, –3, 1)
Direction ratios of AB are (3 – 2, – 4 + 3, – 5 – 1)
and (1, –1, – 6) Equation of line AB is,
x  2 y  3 z 1
   
1 1 6
Any point on the line is (λ + 2,−λ − 3,−6λ + 1)
This point lie on the plane 2x + y + z = 7
Therefore 2(  2)    3  6  1 7
5  2 7
5 5
From the direction ratio of the line and direction   1
ratio of its perpendicular, we have
Required point of intersection of line and plane is
5(5  3)  2(2  1)  3(3  7) 0
(–1 + 2, 1 – 3, 6 + 1)
 25  15  4  2  9  21 0 i.e (1, –2, 7)
 38 38   1
[10]
33. Suppose L be the foot of the perpendicular drawn • r (4iˆ  kˆ)  (2iˆ  3kˆ)
Line 2: 
from the point P(1,0,0) to the given line.
• Passes through Point A2(4, 0, –1)
• Direction vector b2 = 2iˆ  0 ˆj  3kˆ
= (2, 0, 3)
• General point P2: (4 + 2, 0, –1 + 3)
Two lines intersect if their general points
coincide for some unique values of  and .
L(2 + l, –3 – 1, 8  – 10) Equating the coordinates of P1 and P2:
The coordinates of a general point on the line 1. x-coordinates:
x  1 y  1 z  10 1 + 3 = 4 + 2  3 – 2 = 3 ...(i)
  are given by
2 3 8 2. y-coordinates: 1 –  = 0   = l ...(ii)
x  1 y  1 z  10 3. z-coordinates: –1 = –1 + 3  3 = 0 … (iii)
   
2 3 8 Now, we check if these values ( = 1 and  = 0)
 x  2  1 satisfy equation (i):
y  3  1 • LHS of (i) = 3(1) – 2(0) = 3
z  8  10 • RHS of (i) = 3
Suppose the coordinates of L be Since LHS = RHS, the values are consistent.
Therefore, the lines intersect.
(2λ + 1, −3λ − 1, 8λ − 10)
To find the Point of Intersection, substitute
Since, the direction ratios of PL are proportional to,
 = 1 into the general point of Line 1 (or  = 0
(2λ + 1 − 1, −3λ − 1 – 0, 8λ − 10 – 0),
into Line 2):
i.e., (2λ,−3λ − 1, 8λ – 10)
• x = l + 3(l) = 4
Since, the direction ratios of the given line are
• y=1–1=0
proportional to 2, –3, 8, but PL is perpendicular to
the given line. • z = –1
• Intersection Point: (4, 0, – 1)
∴ 2(2λ)− 3(−3λ − 1) + 8(8λ − 10) = 0
Find the equation of the plane containing them:
⇒ λ = 1 Substituting λ = 1 in
The plane containing these two intersecting lines
(2λ + 1,−3λ − 1, 8λ − 10)
will have a normal vector n that is perpendicular
we get the coordinates of L as (3, –4, –2).
to both direction vectors b 1 and b2.
Equation of the line PL is given by
• Calculate the Normal Vector (n):
x 1 y  0 z0
  n = b 1 × b2
3  1 4  0 2  0
iˆ ˆj kˆ
x 1 y z
   n 3 1 0

1  2 1
OR 2 0 3
Identify the coordinates and direction vectors: • Write the Equation of the Plane: Using the point-
• Line 1: r (iˆ  ˆj  kˆ)  (3iˆ  ˆj ) normal form:
• Passes through Point A1(1, 1, – 1) A(x – x1) + B(y – y1) + C (z – z1) = 0
• Normal (A, B, C) = (–3, –9, 2)
• Direction vector b1  3iˆ  ˆj  0kˆ
• Point (x1, y1, z1) = (4, 0, –1)
= (3, – 1,0) (Intersection point or any point on the lines)
• General point P1: (1 + 3, 1 – , –1)
[11]
Substitute these values: Solving above two equations, we obtain
–3(z – 4) – 9(y – 0) + 2(z – (–1)) = 0 t = 1 and s = –1
Solving Linear Inequalities: Shor test Board Therefore
–3r + 12 – 9y + 2z + 2 = 0 P = (3, 8, 3) and Q = (-3, -7, 6)
–3z – 9y + 2z +14 = 0 Now, distance between points P and Q is
Multiplying by –1 for standard form: d (3  3) 2  (8  7) 2  (3  6) 2
3x + 9y – 2z – 14 = 0
 (6)2  (15) 2  (3) 2
Final Answer: The lines intersect at (4, 0, –1).
The equation of the plane containing them is  36  225  9
3z + 9y – 2z = 14.  270
 3 30
34. Here, it is given equations of lines:
Thus, the shortest distance between two given lines
x 6 y7 z4 is
L1 :  
3 1 1 d  3 30 units
x y9 z2 OR
L2
:  �
3 2 4 Suppose the required line is parallel to vector b
Direction ratios of L1 and L2 are (3, –1, 1) and �
Which is given by b  b1ˆi  b 2 ˆj  b3kˆ
(–3, 2, 4) respectively.
We know that the position vector of the point
Suppose general point on line L1 is P = (x1, y1, z1)
(1, 2, 3) is given by
x1 = 3s + 6, y1 = –s + 7, z1 = s + 4
�
and suppose general point on line a ˆi  2ˆj  3kˆ
L2 is Q = (x2, y2, z2) The equation of line passing through ( 1, 2, 3) and
� �� �
x2 = –3t, y2 = 2t – 9, z2 = 4t + 2 parallel to b is given by r  a  b
���� �
 PQ   x 2  x1  ��
i   y2  y1  j   z 2  z1  kˆ  r (iˆ  2ˆj  3k)  
ˆ   b ˆi  b ˆj  b kˆ …(i)
1 2 3

(3t  3s  6)iˆ  (2t  9  s  7) �ˆ  (4t  2  s  4)kˆ The equation of the given planes are
���� � ˆ ˆ ˆ
 PQ  (3t  3s  6)ıˆ  (2t  s  16)}  (4t  s  2)kˆ r  (i  j  2k) 5 …(ii)
Direction ratios of �
���� and r  (3iˆ  ˆj  k)
ˆ 6 ….(iii)
PQ are ((3t  3s  6),(2t  s  16),(4t  s  2)) The line in Equation (i) and plane in Eq. (ii) are
PQ will be the shortest distance if it is perpendicular parallel.
to both the given lines Therefore, the normal to the plane of Eq. (ii) is
Thus, by the condition of perpendicularity, perpendicular to the given line
 3(3t  3s  60)  1(2t  s  16)  1(4t  s  2) 0
 (iˆ  ˆj  2k) 
ˆ . b ˆi  b ˆj  b kˆ 
1 2 3 0
and
 3(3t  3 s  6)  2(2t  s  16)  4(4t  s  2) 
0   b1  b 2  2b3  
0 ...(iv)

 9t  9 s  18  2t  s  16  4t  s  2 0 and Similarly, from Eqs. (i) and (iii), we get

9t  9 s  18  4t  2 s  32  16t  4 s  8 0 (3iˆ  ˆj  k)  1 2 3 
ˆ  b ˆi  b ˆj  b kˆ 0
 7t  11s 4 and 29t  7 s 
22
  3b1  b 2  b3  
0 …(v)
[12]
 On solving Equations . (iv) and (v) by cross- 2 2 2
1 1 1 1
multiplication, we get       
p a b c
b1 b2 b3
  2 2 2
(1)  1  1 2 2  3  1 1 1 1  3(1) 1 1  1 1
 2
      
b1 b 2 b3 p a b c
  
3 5 4 1 1 1 1
�  2
 2
 2

Therefore, the direction ratios of b are ( 3,5, 4). p a b c2
�� OR
b 3iˆ  5jˆ  4kˆ � b b1ˆi  b 2 ˆj  b3kˆ 
  We have equation of the line as
On substituting the value of b in Equation (i), we x 5 y3 z6
�    .
get r (iˆ  2ˆj  3k)
ˆ  (3iˆ  5jˆ  4k)
ˆ 1 4 9
 x    5, y  4  3,z  6  9
which is the equation of the required line.
Let the coordinates of L be (  5,4  3,6  9)
then Dr’s of PL are (λ − 7, 4λ − 7, 7 − 9λ).
35. The equation of the plane in the intercept form is
Also, the direction ratios of given line are
x y z
   1 proportional to 1, 4, – 9.
a b c
Since, PL is perpendicular to the given line.
Distance of this plane from the origin is given to be ∴ (λ − 7) ⋅ 1 + (4λ − 7) ⋅ 4 + (7 − 9λ) ⋅ (−9)= 0
p.
⇒λ − 7 + 16λ − 28 + 81λ − 63 = 0
1 1 1 ⇒98λ = 98⇒λ = 1
 0   0   0 1
a b c So, the coordinates of L are (–4, 1, –3).
p 
2 2 2
1  1 1 PL  (4  2)2  (1  4)2  (3  1)2
     
a b c
 36  9  4 7 units
1
p
2 2 2
1 1 1
     
a b c

SECTION-E
36. (i) = (50 – x) (10000 + 250 x – 500)
If P is the rent price per apartment and N is the = (50 – x) (9500 + 250 x)
number of rented apartments, the profit is given by = 250(50 – x) (38 + x)
NP - 500 N = N(P -500)
[₹500/month is the maintenance charge for each 37. (i)
occupied unit] Let the side of square to be cut off be 'x' cm. then,
(ii) Let R be the rent price per apartment and N is the length and the breadth of the box will be
the number of rented apartments. (18 – 2x) cm each and the height of the box is 'x' cm.
Now, if x be the number of non-rented The volume V(x) of the box is given by
apartments, then N(x) = 50 – x and R(x) V(x) = x(18 – 2x)2
= 10000 + 250x  x(18  2x)2
(ii) V(x)
Thus, profit = P(x) = NR
[13]
dV(x) 38. (i)
(18  2x) 2  4x(18  2x)
dx Corner Points Value of Z = 4x – 6y
dV(x) (0, 3) 4 × 0 – 6 × 3 = – 18
  0
For maxima or minima
dx (5, 0) 4 × 5 – 6 × 0 = 20
 (18 – 2x)[18 – 2x – 4x] = 0 (6, 8) 4 × 6 – 6 × 8 = – 24
 x = 9 or x = 3 (0, 8) 4 × 0 – 6 × 8= – 48
 x = 9 cm (not possible) Minimum value of Z is - 48 which occurs at (0, 8).
 x = 3 cm (ii)
The side of the square to be cut off so that the Corner Points Value of Z = 4x - 6y
volume of the box is maximum is x = 3 cm (0, 3) 4 × 0 – 6 × 3 = – 18
(5, 0) 4 × 5 – 6 × 0 = 20
(6, 8) 4 × 6 – 6 × 8 = – 24
(0, 8) 4 × 0– 6 × 8 = – 48
Maximum value of Z is 20, which occurs at (5, 0).

(iii)
Corner Points Value of Z = 4x – 6y
(0, 3) 4 × 0 – 6 × 3 = – 18
(5, 0) 4 × 5 – 6 × 0 = 20
(6, 8) 4 × 6 – 6 × 8 = – 24
(0, 8) 4 × 0 – 6 × 8 = – 48
Maximum of z – minimum of z = 20 – (–48) = 68

■■■

[14]
 SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER
SESSION 2025-2026

Class 12th MATHEMATICS SET-01

Time: 180 Minutes M.M.: 80

General Instructions:
1. This Question paper contains - five sections A, B, C, D and E. Each section is compulsory.
2. Section A has 18 MCQ’s and 2 Assertion-Reason based questions of 1 mark each.
3. Section B has 5 Very Short Answer (VSA)-type questions of 2 marks each.
4. Section C has 6 Short Answer (SA)-type questions of 3 marks each.
5. Section D has 4 Long Answer (LA)-type questions of 5 marks each.
6. Section E has 3 source based/case based/passage based/integrated units of assessment (4 marks each) with sub
parts.

SECTION-A
1. Matrices A and B will be inverse of each other only  1 sin  1 
if 4. Let A  sin   where
 sin  1
(A) AB = 0, BA = I (B) AB = BA = I  1  sin  1 
(C) AB = BA = 0 (D) AB = BA 0    2. Then
(A) Det(A) = 0
cos70 sin 20 (B) Det(A)  [2, 4]
2. ?
sin 70 cos 20 (C) Det(A)  [2, 4]
(A) cos 50° (B) sin 50° (D) Det(A)  (2, )
(C) 1 (D) 0
0 2   0 3a 
5. If A    and kA    , then the
1 2  2 2  3 4  2b 24
3. If (A – 2B) =   and (2A – 3B)    values of k, a, b, are respectively
3 0   3 3
(A) –6, –12, –18 (B) –6, 12, 18
then B = ? (C) –6, 4, 9 (D) –6, –4, –9
 4 6 
(A)   (B) None of these
 3 3 6. The system of equations, x + y + z = 1, 3x + 6y + z
4 6   6 4 = 8, x + 2y + 3z = 1 has a unique solution for
(C)   (D)  
 3 3  3 3  (A) all real  (B)  not equal to 0
(C) all integral  (D) all rational 

[1]
  2 0 3 11. From the matrix equation AB = AC we can
7. If A =  4 3 1 is expressed as the sum of a conclude B = C, provided
 5 7 2  (A) A is symmetric matrix
(B) A is singular matrix
symmetric and skew-symmetric matrix, then the
(C) A is square matrix
symmetric matrix is
(D) A is non-singular matrix
 2 2 4   2 4 5
(A)  2 3 4  (B)  0 3 7 
 4 4 2   3 1 2  10 0 
12. For any 2 × 2 matrix, If A(adj A) =   , then
 0 10
 4 4 8 1 0 0 
|A| is equal to
(C)  4 6 8 (D) 0 1 0 
(A) 20
 8 8 4  0 0 1 
(B) 10
(C) 0
8. If x, y, z are non-zero real numbers, then the inverse (D) 100
 x 0 0
of matrix A   0 y 0  is 2 3 
 0 0 z   2 1 3  4 2  then
13. If A    and B =  
 4 5 1  1 5 
1 0 0   x 1 0 0 
1   
(A) 0 1 0  (B)  0 y 1 0  (A) only BA is defined
xyz    (B) only AB is defined
0 0 1  z 1 
 0 0
(C) AB and BA both are not defined
 x 0 0 1 0 0  (D) AB and BA both are defined
1  5yz 
(C)  0 y 0  (D)  0 1 0 
xyz xyz
0 0 z  0 0 1   2 0 0 
14. A  0 2 0  , then the value of |adj A| is:
9. If A, B are square matrices of order 3, A is non-  0 0 2 
singular and AB = 0, then B is a (A) 16
(A) non-singular matrix (B) null matrix (B) –8
(C) singular matrix (D) unit matrix (C) 0
(D) 64
10. If A is a 2-rowed square matrix and |A| = 6 then A
adj A = ? 15. If A = [aij] is a scalar matrix of order n × n such that
1  aij = k for all i, then trace of A is equal to
6 0
3 0  n
(A)   (B)   (A)
0 1 3 0  k
 6  (B) none of these
3 0  6 0 (C) nk
(C)   (D)  
0 3  0 6 (D) n + k

[2]
  5 10 3  19. Assertion: A function f: N  N be defined by
16. The matrix  2 4 6  is a singular matrix, if n
 if n is even
 1 2 b 
f (n)   2 for all n  N; is
the value of b is  (n  1) if n is odd
 2
(A) 3
one-one.
(B) Non-existent
(C) –3 Reason: A function f: A  B is said to be injective
(D) 0 if a  b then f (a)  f (b).
(A) Both Assertion and Reason arc true, and the
17. A matrix A  [aij ]33 is defined by Reason is the correct explanation of the
Assertion.
2i  3j , i  j
 (B) Both Assertion and Reason arc true, but the
a ij  5 , i j
3i  2 j , i  j Reason is not the correct explanation of the
 Assertion.
then how many number of elements more than 5 is: (C) Assertion is true, but Reason is false.
(A) 5 (D) Assertion is false, but Reason is true.
(B) 6
(C) 4 20. Assertion: If R = {(x, y) : x is wife of y}, then R is
(D) 3 reflexive.
Reason: If R = {(x, y) : x is father of y}, then R is
 2 1 neither reflexive nor symmetric nor transitive.
18. If A    , then A 1  ?
1 3  (A) Both Assertion and Reason arc true, and the
 3 1 3 1  Reason is the correct explanation of the
   7 Assertion.
(A)  7 7  (B)  7 
 1 2  1 2  (B) Both Assertion and Reason arc true, but the
 7 7   7 7  Reason is not the correct explanation of the
1 2 1 1 Assertion.
 7  7 (C) Assertion is true, but Reason is false.
(C)  5  (D)  3 
1 3 1 2 (D) Assertion is false, but Reason is true.
 7 7   7 7 

SECTION-B
21. For the principal values, evaluate 1 1 1
24. Find the value of cos  2sin 1 .
sin 1 
 
cos 2cosec (2) 
1
  2 2

1  1
22. Find the principal value of cosec–1(–2). 25. Write the value of sin 1    cos 1   
3  3
 1 
23. Find the value of cos 1  
 2
[3]
 SECTION-C
2 5x2 2 x3
26. Evaluate the definite integral 
1 2
x  4x  3
dx 29. Evaluate the definite integral: 1 x(x  2)
dx

dx x
27. Evaluate:  dx 30. Evaluate: dx
e 
2
x
1 xa  xb

31. By using the properties of definite integrals,

(x  2)
28. Evaluate:  2
2x  2x  3
dx evaluate the integral 
5
5
|x  2 | dx

SECTION-D
32. Using integration, find the area of the region in the 34. Using method of integration find the area of the
first quadrant enclosed by the Y-axis, the line y = x triangle ABC, co-ordinates of whose vertices are A
and the circle x2 + y2 = 32. (2, 0), B (4, 5) and C (6, 3).

33. Find the area of the smaller region bounded by the 35. Find the area bounded by the circle x2 + y2 = 16 and
x 2 y2 x y the line 3y  x in the first quadrant, using
ellipse  1 and the line  
 1.
9 4 3 2
integration.

SECTION-E
36. Read the text carefully and answer the 37. Read the text carefully and answer the
questions: questions:
There are two antiaircraft guns, named as A and B. The temperature of a person during an intestinal
The probabilities that the shell fired from them hits illness is given by f(x) = –0.1x2 + mx + 98.6, 0  x
an airplane are 0.3 and 0.2 respectively. Both of < 12, m being a constant, where f(x) is the
them fired one shell at an airplane at the same time. temperature in °F at x days.

(i) How is Bayes' theorem different from

conditional probability? (i) Is the function differentiable in the interval
(ii) Write the rule of Total Probability. (0, 12)? Justify your answer.
(iii) What is the probability that the shell fired (ii) If 6 is the critical point of the function, then
from exactly one of them hit the plane? find the value of the constant m.

[4]
38. Read the text carefully and answer the
questions:
In a street two lamp posts are 600 feet apart. The
light intensity at a distance d from the first
1000
(stronger) lamp post is , the light intensity at
d2
distance d from the second (weaker) lamp post is
125
(in both cases the light intensity is inversely (i) If l(x) denotes the combined light intensity,
d2
then find the value of x so that I(x) is
proportional to the square of the distance to the
minimum.
light source). The combined light intensity is the
(ii) Find the darkest spot between the two lights.
sum of the two light intensities coming from both
lamp posts.
■■■

[5]
 SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER
SESSION 2025-2026

Class 12th MATHEMATICS SET-02

Time: 180 Minutes M.M.: 80

General Instructions:
1. This Question paper contains - five sections A, B, C, D and E. Each section is compulsory.
2. Section A has 18 MCQ’s and 2 Assertion-Reason based questions of 1 mark each.
3. Section B has 5 Very Short Answer (VSA)-type questions of 2 marks each.
4. Section C has 6 Short Answer (SA)-type questions of 3 marks each.
5. Section D has 4 Long Answer (LA)-type questions of 5 marks each.
6. Section E has 3 source based/case based/passage based/integrated units of assessment (4 marks each) with sub
parts.

SECTION-A
1. Adj.(kA) = d
(A) kn–1 Adj. A (B) None of these
4.
dx
 
tan 1 (sec x  tan x) is equal to
(C) k Adj. A (D) knAdj.A 1
(A) 
2
2. The value of k for which 1
(B)
 3x  4tan x 2
 , when x  0
f(x)   2 is continuous at 1
 k, when x  0 (C)
2sec x(sec x  tan x)
x = 0, is (D) None of these
(A) 3 (B) 7
(C) None of these (D) 4 5. If A and B are square matrices of same order and
A’ denotes the transpose of A, then which of the
3. The system of equations x + 2y = 5, 4x + 8y =20 following is true?
has (A) AB O | A |0 and | B | 0
(A) None of these (B) (AB)  AB
(B) no solution (C) (AB)  BA
(C) a unique solution
(D) AB  O  A  O or B = O
(D) infinitely many solutions

[1]
 dy a11 a12 a13
6. For the curve x y
1, at (1/ 4,1/ 4) is
dx 13. If   a 21 a 22 a 23 and Aij is Cofactors of aij,
(A) 2 (B) –1 a 31 a 32 a 33
(C) 1/2 (D) 1 then value of Δ is given by
(A) a11A31  a12A32  a13A33
7. If A is a 3 × 3 matrix such that |A| =8, then |3A|
(B) a11A11  a21A21  a31A31
equals.
(C) a21A11  a 22A12  a 23A13
(A) 8 (B) 72
(C) 216 (D) 24 (D) a11A11  a12A21  a13A31

dy
8. The function f(x)  e|x| is 14. If ex  y  xy then ?
dx
(A) continuous everywhere but not differentiable (x  xy)
at x = 0 (A) (B) None of these
(xy  y)
(B) continuous and differentiable everywhere
y(1  x) x(1  y)
(C) none of these (C) (D)
x(y  1) y(x  1)
(D) not continuous at x = 0
15. If B is non-singular matrix and A is a square matrix,
1 1 1  then det (B–1 AB) is equal to
9. A 2 1 0 then what is the value of A–1 is
If (A) Det (A) (B) Det (B)
1 0 0 (C) Det (A–1) (D) Det (B–1)
(A) A2 (B) A3

(C) A (D) 1  x 2a , 0  x 1

16. The function
 f (x)  a , 1  x  2 is
2 1  2
10. If f (x)  x sin where x  0 then the value of
x  2b  4b , 2 x
the function f at x = 0, so that the function is  x 2
continuous at x = 0, is continuous for 0  x  , then the most suitable
(A) –1 (B) 1 values of a and b are
(C) 0 (D) 2 (A) a = 1, b = 1 (B) a = –1, b = 1
(C) a = –1, b = –1 (D) None of these
2 3 2
17. For any square matrix A of order 2, if A (adj A)
11. If x x x  3 0, then the value of x is:
8 0 
4 9 1   then the value of |A| is
0 8 
(A) 1 (B) 0
(A) 8 (B) 4
(C) –1 (D) 3 (C) 0 (D) 64

dy dy
12. If y = 2x then ? 18. If x a sec , y b tan  then  ?
dx dx
(A) 2x (log 2) (B) None of these b b
(A) sec  (B) tan 
a a
2x
(C)
(log 2)
 
(D) x 2x 1
(C)
b
cosec  (D)
b
cot 
a a

[2]
19. Assertion: The Greatest Integer Function f: R  R, 20. Assertion: Every function is invertible.
given by f(x) = [x] is one-one. Reason: Only bijective functions are invertible.
Reason: A function f: A  B is said to be injective (A) Both Assertion and Reason arc true, and the
if f(a) = f(b)  a = b. Reason is the correct explanation of the
(A) Both Assertion and Reason arc true, and the Assertion.
Reason is the correct explanation of the (B) Both Assertion and Reason arc true, but the
Assertion. Reason is not the correct explanation of the
(B) Both Assertion and Reason arc true, but the Assertion.
Reason is not the correct explanation of the (C) Assertion is true, but Reason is false.
Assertion. (D) Assertion is false, but Reason is true.
(C) Assertion is true, but Reason is false.
(D) Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

SECTION-B
21. Find the intervals in which the function f given by 24. If f(x) = x3 + ax2 + bx + c has maximum value at
f(x) = 2x2 – 3x is strictly decreasing. x = –1 and minimum value at x = 3. Determine a, b
and c.
22. Find the intervals in which the function f(x) = 2x3 –
24x + 107 is strictly increasing or decreasing. 25. A man 1.6 m tall walks at the rate of 0.3 m/s away
from a street light is 4 m above the ground. At what
23. A balloon which always remains spherical, has a rate is the tip of his shadow moving? At what rate
3 is his shadow lengthening?
variable diameter (2x  1) . Find the rate of
2
change of its volume with respect to x.

SECTION-C
26. Three distinguishable balls are distributed in three 29. A man is known to speak truth 3 out of 4 times. He
cells. Find the conditional probability that all the throws a die and reports that it is a six. Find the
three occupy the same cell, given that at least two probability that it is actually a six.
of them are in the same cell.
30. Urn A contains 1 white, 2 black and 3 red balls; urn
27. In a school, there are 1000 students, out of which B contains 2 white, 1 black and 1 red ball; and urn
430 are girls. It is known that out of 430, 10% of C contains 4 white, 5 black and 3 red balls. One urn
the girls study in class XII, what is the probability is chosen at random and two balls are drawn. These
that a student chosen randomly studies in class XII, happen to be one white and one red. What is the
given that the chosen student is a girl? probability that they come from urn A?

28. The contents of three bags I, II and III are as 31. In a bulb factory, three machines, A, B, C,
follows: manufacture 60%, 25% and 15% of the total
Bag 1 : 1 white, 2 black and 3 red balls, production respectively. Of their respective
Bag II : 2 white, 1 black and 1 red ball; outputs, 1%, 2% and 1% are defective. A bulb is
Bag III : 4 white, 5 black and 3 red balls. drawn at random from the total product and it is
A bag is chosen at random and two balls are drawn. found to be defective. Find the probability that it
What is the probability that the balls are white and was manufactured by machine C.
red?

[3]
 SECTION-D
32. Show that the function f : R  {x  R : 1  x  1} 34. Show that the function f : R  R defined by
x x
defined by
 f (x) , x  R is one-one and f (x)
 2
, x  R, is neither one-one nor onto.
1 | x | x 1
onto function.
35. Let A = R – {3} and B = R – {1}. Show that the
33. Let n be a positive integer. Prove that the relation R x2
function of f: A  B defined by f (x)  , is
on the set Z of all integers numbers defined by x 3
(x, y)  R  x – y is divisible by n, is an one - one and onto.
equivalence relation on Z.

SECTION-E
36. Read the text carefully and answer the disinfector. The cost of material used to
questions: manufacture the tin can is ₹100/m2.
In an elliptical sport field, the authority wants to
design a rectangular soccer field with the
maximum possible area. The sport field is given by
x 2 y2
the graph of  1

a 2 b2

(i) If r cm be the radius and h cm be the height

of the cylindrical tin can, then express the
surface area as a function of radius (r).
(ii) Find the radius of the can that will minimize
the cost of tin used for making can?

38. Read the text carefully and answer the

(i) If the length and the breadth of the questions:
rectangular field be 2x and 2y respectively, Mrs. Maya is the owner of a high-rise residential
then find the area function in terms of x. society having 50 apartments. When he set rent at
(ii) Find the critical point of the function. ₹10000/month, all apartments are rented. If he
increases rent by ₹250/ month, one fewer
37. Read the text carefully and answer the apartment is rented.
questions: The maintenance cost for each occupied unit is
A tin can manufacturer designs a cylindrical tin can ₹500/month.
for a company making sanitizer and disinfectors.
The tin can is made to hold 3 litres of sanitizer or
[4]
 (i) If P is the rent price per apartment and N is
the number of rented apartments, then find
the profit.
(ii) If x represents the number of apartments
which are not rented, then express profit as a
function of x.
(iii) Find the number of apartments which are not
rented so that profit is maximum.
OR
Verify that profit is maximum at critical
value of x by second derivative test.
■■■

[5]
 SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER
SESSION 2025-2026

Class 12th MATHEMATICS SET-03

Time: 180 Minutes M.M.: 80

General Instructions:
1. This Question paper contains - five sections A, B, C, D and E. Each section is compulsory.
2. Section A has 18 MCQ’s and 2 Assertion-Reason based questions of 1 mark each.
3. Section B has 5 Very Short Answer (VSA)-type questions of 2 marks each.
4. Section C has 6 Short Answer (SA)-type questions of 3 marks each.
5. Section D has 4 Long Answer (LA)-type questions of 5 marks each.
6. Section E has 3 source based/case based/passage based/integrated units of assessment (4 marks each) with sub
parts.

SECTION-A
1. If a line makes angles , , ,  with four diagonals 4. The degree of the differential equation
2 2
of a cube then cos2   cos2   cos2   cos2  is  d2 y   dy   dy 
 2     xsin   is
equal to  dx   dx   dx 
1 2 (A) not defined (B) 1
(A) (B) (C) 2 (D) 3
3 3
8 4 x4 y2 zk
(C) (D) 5. If the line lies   in the plane
3 3 1 1 2
2x – 4 y + z = 7, then the value of k is
dy (A) 7 (B) –4
2. The solution of the DE x  cot y is (C) –7 (D) 4
dx
(A)
(B)
x sec y = C
x cos y = C
6. General solution of 1 x  dy  2xydx
2

(C) x tan y = C  cot xdx (x  0) is

(D) none of these 
(A) y 1  
x2 log | sin x | c

 
1
3. The lines l1 and l2 intersect. The shortest distance (B) y (1  x)1 log | sin x | C 1  x 2
between them is
(C) y (1  x)1 log | sin x | C 1  x 
2 1
(A) infinity (B) negative
(C) positive (D) zero (D) y (1  x)1 log | sin x | C 1  x 
2 1

[1]
7. The projections of a line segment on X, Y and Z 13. If the points A(–1, 3, 2), B(–4, 2, –2) and C(5, 5, )
axes are 12, 4 and 3 respectively. The length and are collinear then the value of λ is
direction cosines of the line segment are (A) 5 (B) 10
12 14 3 12 4 3 (C) 8 (D) 7
(A) 11; , , (B) 13; , ,
11 11 11 13 13 13 14. Consider a differential equation of order m and
12 4 3 degree n. Which one of the following pairs is not
(C) 19; , , (D) none of these
19 19 19 feasible?
 
(A)  2,  (B) (2, 4)
8. The degree of the differential equation  2
2
 d y   dy  3
2 (C) (3, 2) (D) (2, 2)
 2     y , is
 dx   dx  15. If O is the origin, OP = 3 with direction ratios
1 proportional to –1, 2, –2 then the coordinates of P
(A) 4 (B)
2 are
(C) 2 (D) 3 (A) (3, 6, –9) (B) (1, 2, 2)
 1 2 2 
(C) (–1, 2, –2) (D)  , , 
9. The shortest distance between the lines  9 9 9 
x 3 y 8 z 3 x 3 y7 z6
  and   is
3 1 1 3 2 4 16. The order and degree of the differential equation
(A) 5 30 (B) 30   dy 2  d 2 y
1      respectively, are
(C) 2 30 (D) 3 30   dx   dx
2

(A) 4, 2 (B) 2, 2
10. What is the degree of the differential equation
1
(C) 1, 2 (D) 2, 1
dy  dy 
= x
y  ?
dx  dx  17. The equation of a line passing through point
(A) –1 (B) 1 x y 1 2  z
(C) Does not exist (D) 2 (2, –1, 0) and parallel to the line 
1 2 2
is:
11. The planes: 2x – y + 4z = 5 and 5x – 2.5y + 10z = 6 x  2 y 1 z
are (A)  
1 2 2
(A) intersect y-axis
x  2 y 1 z
(B) Parallel (B)  
1 2 2
 5
(C) passes through  0, 0,  x  2 y 1 z
 4 (C)  
1 2 2
(D) Perpendicular
x  2 y 1 z
(D)  
dy 1 2 2
12. The solution of | x | is
dx 18. What are the order and degree respectively of the
2
x x|x| differential equation whose solution is y = cx + c2 –
y
(A)  C (B)y C
2 2 3c3/2 + 2, where c is a parameter?
|x| x3 (A) 1, 3 (B) 1, 4
y
(C)  C y
(D)  C (C) 2, 2 (D) 1, 2
2 2

[2]
19. Assertion: A function f: Z  Z defined as f(x) = 20. Assertion: If A = {0, 1} and N be the set of natural
x3 is injective. numbers. Then, the mapping f : N  A defined by
Reason: A function f: A  B is said to be injective f (2n – 1) = 0, f(2n) = 1, n  N, is onto.
if every element of B has a pre-Image in A. Reason: Range = Codomain
(A) Both Assertion and Reason arc true, and the (A) Both Assertion and Reason arc true, and the
Reason is the correct explanation of the Reason is the correct explanation of the
Assertion.
Assertion.
(B) Both Assertion and Reason arc true, but the
(B) Both Assertion and Reason arc true, but the
Reason is not the correct explanation of the
Reason is not the correct explanation of the
Assertion.
(C) Assertion is true, but Reason is false. Assertion.
(D) Assertion is false, but Reason is true. (C) Assertion is true, but Reason is false.
(D) Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

SECTION-B
21. Prove that the function does not have maxima or 23. Let I be any interval disjoint from [–1, 1]. Prove that
minima: h(x) = x3 + x2 + x +1 1
the function f given by f (x) x  is increasing
x
22. The radius r of a right circular cone is decreasing at on I.
the rate of 3 cm/minute and the height h is
increasing at the rate of 2 cm/minute. When r = 9 24. Find the intervals in which f (x) (x  2)e x is
cm and h = 6 cm, find the rate of change of its increasing or decreasing.
volume.
25. Find the intervals in which the function f given by
f(x) = x2 – 4x + 6 is
(a) increasing
(b) decreasing

SECTION-C
(2x  1) 1 1
26. Evaluate:  (x  2)(x  3)
dx. 29. Evaluate:  log x  1 dx.
0

    1  sin 2x 
 e2x  sin   x  dx . e
2x
27. Evaluate: 30. Evaluate:  1  cos 2x  dx
0 4   

/2
x3
28. Show that:  0
f (sin 2x)sin xdx 31. Find  x 4  3x 2  2
dx.
/4
 2 
0
f (cos2x)cos xdx

[3]
 SECTION-D
2 3 5   2 2 4 1 1 0
If A 3 2 4 , find A–1. Using A–1 solve the
32. 34. Given A  
4 2 4 ,B 
 2 3 4 , find
 
1 1 2  2 1 5  0 1 2
system of equations 2x – 3y + 5z = 11; 3x + 2y – 4z BA and use this to solve the system of equations
= –5; x + y – 2z = –3. y  2z 
7, x  y  3, 2x  3y  4z 17.

33. Solve the system of equations

1 2 0
2 3 10 35.  2 1 2 , then find the value of A–1.
If A 
   4  
x y z  0 1 1 
4 6 5
  1 Using A–1, solve the system of linear equations:
x y z
x  2y 
10 ,
6 9 20
   2 2x  y  z 8,
x y z
2y  z  7

SECTION-E
36. Read the text carefully and answer the 37. Read the text carefully and answer the
questions: questions:
An Apache helicopter of the enemy is flying along The Government declare that farmers can get ₹300
the curve given by y = x2 + 7. A soldier, placed at per quintal for their onions on 1st July and after
(3, 7) want to shoot down the helicopter when it is that, the price will be dropped by ₹3 per quintal per
nearest to him. extra day. Govind's father has 80 quintals of onions
in the field on 1st July and he estimates that the
crop is increasing at the rate of 1 quintal per day.

(i) If P(x1, y1) be the position of a helicopter on

(i) If x is the number of days after 1st July, then
curve y = x2 + 7, then find distance D from P
express price and quantity of onion and the
to soldier place at (3, 7).
revenue as a function of x.
(ii) Find the critical point such that distance is
(ii) Find the number of days after 1st July, when
minimum.
Govind's father attains maximum revenue.

[4]
38. Read the text carefully and answer the
questions:
In a street two lamp posts are 600 feet apart. The
light intensity at a distance d from the first
1000
(stronger) lamp post is , the light intensity at
d2
distance d from the second (weaker) lamp post is (i) If l(x) denotes the combined light intensity,
125 then find the value of x so that I(x) is
(in both cases the light intensity is inversely minimum.
d2
proportional to the square of the distance to the (ii) Find the darkest spot between the two lights.
light source). The combined light intensity is the (iii) If you are in between the lamp posts, at
sum of the two light intensities coming from both distance x feet from the stronger light, then
lamp posts. write the combined light intensity coming
from both lamp posts as function of x.
OR
Find the minimum combined light intensity?
■■■

[5]
 SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER
SESSION 2025-2026

Class 12th MATHEMATICS SET-04

Time: 180 Minutes M.M.: 80

General Instructions:
1. This Question paper contains - five sections A, B, C, D and E. Each section is compulsory.
2. Section A has 18 MCQ’s and 2 Assertion-Reason based questions of 1 mark each.
3. Section B has 5 Very Short Answer (VSA)-type questions of 2 marks each.
4. Section C has 6 Short Answer (SA)-type questions of 3 marks each.
5. Section D has 4 Long Answer (LA)-type questions of 5 marks each.
6. Section E has 3 source based/case based/passage based/integrated units of assessment (4 marks each) with sub
parts.

SECTION-A
 1 4 x  
3. For what value of x  0,  , is A  AT 3I ,
1. If A   z 2 y  is a symmetric matrix, then  2
3 1 3   cos x sin x 
where A   ?
the value of x + y + z is:  sin x cos x 
(A) 10  
(B) 6 (A) (B)
3 6
(C) 8 
(D) 0 (C) 0 (D)
2

 3 0 0 2cos2x  1
2. 0 3 0 , then the value of
If A  (adj A) 
 
4.  1  2sin x dx is equal to:
0 0 3 (A) x  2cos x  C (B) x  2cos x  C
(C)  x  2cos x  C (D)  x  2cos x  C
| A |  | adjA | is equal to:
(A) 12 5. What is the product of the order and degree of the
3
(B) 9 d2 y  dy 
(C) 3 differential equation 2 sin y    cos y  y?
dx  dx 
(D) 27 (A) 3 (B) 2
(C) 6 (D) not defined

[1]
6. The value of p for which the vectors 2iˆ  pjˆ  kˆ and 13. The function f(x) = x | x | is
(A) continuous and differentiable at x = 0.
4iˆ  6jˆ  26kˆ are perpendicular to each other, is: (B) continuous but not differentiable at x = 0.
(A) 3 (B) –3 (C) differentiable but not continuous at x = 0.
17 17 (D) neither differentiable nor continuous at x = 0.
(C)  (D)
3 3
� �
� � ˆ � � 14. a and b are two non-zero vectors such that the
7. If a  b i and a  2iˆ  2jˆ  2kˆ , then | b | equals: � � �
projection of a on b is 0. The angle between a
(A) 14 (B) 3 �
and b is:
(C) 12 (D) 17 
(A) (B) 
2
 A 
8. IfP   0.3,P(
 A) 0.4 and P(B) = 0.8, then
 B (C) (D) 0
4
 B
P   is equal to:
 A 15. The equation of a line passing through point
(A) 0·6 (B) 0·3 x y 1 2z
(2, 1,0) and parallel to the line 
(C) 0·06 (D) 0·4 1 2 2
is:
3x  5, x  2 x  2 y 1 z x  2 y 1 z
9. The value of k for which f (x)   2
is (A)   (B)  
 kx , x  2 1 2 2 1 2 2
a continuous function, is: x  2 y 1 z x  2 y 1 z
(C)   (D)  
11 4 1 2 2 1 2 2
(A)  (B)
4 11
dy
(C) 11 (D)
11
4
16.  
If y  sin 2 x3 , then
dx
is equal to:

(A) 2sin x3 cosx3 (B) 3x3 sin x3 cosx3

10. If f (x)
 a(x  cos x) is strictly decreasing in � ,
then ‘a’ belongs to (C) 6x2 sin x3 cosx3 (D) 2x2 sin2 x3  
(A) {0} (B) (0, )
(C) (,0) (D) (, ) 17. The events E and F are independent. If P(E)  0.3
and P(E  F) 
0.5 , then P(E / F)  P(F / E)
xy dy equals:
11. If tan    k , then is equal to
xy dx 1 2
(A) (B)
y y 7 7
(A) (B)
x x 3 1
(C) (D)
 y y 35 70
(C) sec2   (D)  sec2  
x x 18. The function f (x)  [x], where [x] denotes the
greatest integer less than or equal to x, is continuous
12. The objective function Z
 ax  by of an LPP has
at
maximum value 42 at (4, 6) and minimum value 19 (A) x  1 (B) x  1.5
at (3, 2). Which of the following is true?
(C) x  2 (D) x  4
(A)  a 9, b 1 (B) a 5, b 2
(C)  a 3, b 5 (D) a 5, b 3
[2]
 8
10  x 20. Assertion: A line through the points (4, 7, 8) and
19. Assertion:  x  10  x
dx  3 (2, 3, 4) is parallel to a line through the points
2
(–1, –2, 1) and (1, 2, 5).
b b � ������ � ������
Reason: Lines r a1  b1 and r a 2  b2 are
Reason:  f (x)dx  f (a  b  x)dx ������
a a parallel if b1  b2 0.
(A) Both Assertion and Reason are true, and the (A) Both Assertion and Reason are true, and the
Reason is the correct explanation of the Reason is the correct explanation of the
Assertion. Assertion.
(B) Both Assertion and Reason are true, but the (B) Both Assertion and Reason are true, but the
Reason is not the correct explanation of the Reason is not the correct explanation of the
Assertion. Assertion.
(C) Assertion is true, but Reason is false. (C) Assertion is true, but Reason is false.
(D) Assertion is false, but Reason is true. (D) Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

SECTION-B
21. Find the value of 23. Show that the function fix) = 4x3 – 18x2 + 27x – 7
1  1  has neither maxima nor minima.
cos1    tan 1   1
  cosec (2).
 2  3 24. Evaluate:
2
sin x
d2 y dy  04 dx
   
2
22. (a) 1
If y  sin x , then find 1  x 2
x . x
2
dx dx ���
OR 25. If a, b and c are three unit vectors such that
����
dy a  bc  0, find the angle between vectors
(b) If yx  x y , then find .
dx ��
a and c.
SECTION-C
�
The scalar product of the vector a  ˆi  ˆj  2kˆ
1
x 29. (a)
26. Find:  2
dx
(log x)  5log x  4 with a unit vector along sum of vectors
� �
b  2iˆ  4jˆ  5kˆ and c ˆi  2ˆj  3kˆ is equal
27. Solve the following linear programming problem
to 1. Find the value of  .
graphically: Minimize z = 600x + 400y.
OR
subject to the constraints (b) Find the shortest distance between the lines:
x+y8 �
r (2iˆ  ˆj  3k)
ˆ  (iˆ  2jˆ  3k)
ˆ
x + 2y  16 � ˆ ˆ
4x + y  29 r (i  4k)  (3iˆ  6jˆ  9k)
ˆ
x, y  0.
30. (a) Show that the function f: R  R defined by
28. If x cos(p  y)  cospsin(p  y) 
0 , prove that f(x) = 4x3 –5,  x  R is one-one and onto.
OR
dy (b) Let R be a relation defined on a set N of
cos p  cos2 (p  y), where p is a constant.

dx natural numbers such that R = {(x, y) : xy is a
square of a natural number, x, y  N}.
Determine if the relation R is an equivalence
relation.
[3]
31. An unbiased die is thrown twice. Let the event A be
‘odd number on the first throw’ and B the event
‘odd number on the second throw’. Cheek the
independence of the events A and B.
SECTION-D
32. (a) Find the image A of the point A(1, 6, 3) in 5x
x y 1 z  2
34. Find:  (x  1)  x 2
9 
dx.
the line  . Also, find the equation
1 2 3
of the line joining A and A.
OR 35. Suppose that the reliability of a HIV test is specified
(b) Find a point P on the line as follows:
x 5 y3 z 6 Of people having HIV, 90% of the test detect the
  such that its distance
1 4 9 disease but 10% go undetected. Of people free of
from point Q(2, 4, –1) is 7 units. Also, find
HIV, 99% of the test are judged HIV –ive but 1%
the equation of line joining P and Q.
are diagnosed as showing HIV +ive. From a large
33. A school wants to allocate students into three clubs: population of which only 0.1% have HIV, one
Sports, Music and Drama, under following person is selected at random, given the HIV test,
conditions: and the pathologist reports him/her as HIV +ive.
• The number of students in Sports club should What is the probability that the person actually has
be equal to the sum of the number of students HIV?
in Music and Drama club.
• The number of students in Music club should
be 20 more than half the number of students in
Sports club.
• The total number of students to be allocated in
all three clubs are 180.
Find the number of students allocated to different
clubs, using matrix method.

SECTION-E
36. Read the text carefully and answer the
questions:
Madhu created a design on his floor using a
combination of graphs of inverse trigonometric
functions in the domain [–4, 4]. He also
represented the coordinate axes for reference. He
asked his friends, Kulsum and Snehal, to choose a
path to walk on. Kulsum chose path ABCDEF,
while Snehal chose path PQCRES. They both
started walking at the same time and with the same
speed.
[4]
 (i) Write the range of each of the two functions Deepak: “The function on card III is continuous.”
that Kulsum chose as her path to walk on. Kiran: “The function on card IV is discontinuous.”
(ii) What is the x -coordinate of Kulsum's and (i) Check whether Deepak and Kiran's claims
Snehal's first meeting point? Show your are correct. Justify your answer.
steps. (ii) Is Leela's claim true for all continuous
functions? Justify with a valid reason or
37. Read the text carefully and answer the provide a counterexample.
questions:
Ambika, a mathematics teacher is conducting a 38. Read the text carefully and answer the
practice session on calculus where she is discussing questions:
continuity and differentiability of several functions A carpenter needs to make a wooden cuboidal box,
in their domains. Shown below are four cards that closed from all sides, which has a square base and
contain a function each along with their domains fixed volume. Since he is short of the paint required
and graphs. to paint the box on completion, he wants the
surface area to be minimum.
On the basis of the above information, answer the
following questions:
(i) Taking length = breadth = x m and height =
y m, express the surface area (S) of the box
in terms of x and its volume (V), which is
constant.
dS
(ii) Find .
dx
(iii) (a) Find a relation between x and y such
that the surface area (S) is minimum.
OR
(b) If surface area (S) is constant, the
While discussing in the group, four students
1
claimed as follows: (V)
volume  (Sx  2x3 ), x being the
4
Leela: “As the function on card I is both continuous edge of base. Show that volume (V) is
and differentiable, we can say that every
S
continuous function is differentiable.” maximum for x = .
6
Irfan: “As the graph is not in one piece, the function
on card II is discontinuous.”
■■■

[5]
 SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER
SESSION 2025-2026

Class 12th MATHEMATICS SET-05

Time: 180 Minutes M.M.: 80

General Instructions:
1. This Question paper contains - five sections A, B, C, D and E. Each section is compulsory.
2. Section A has 18 MCQ’s and 2 Assertion-Reason based questions of 1 mark each.
3. Section B has 5 Very Short Answer (VSA)-type questions of 2 marks each.
4. Section C has 6 Short Answer (SA)-type questions of 3 marks each.
5. Section D has 4 Long Answer (LA)-type questions of 5 marks each.
6. Section E has 3 source based/case based/passage based/integrated units of assessment (4 marks each) with sub
parts.

SECTION-A
1. If the constraints in a linear programming problem 3. The corner points of the feasible region determined
are changed, then by the system of linear constraints are
(A) the change in constraints is ignored (0, 10), (5, 5), (15, 15), (0, 20). Let Z = px + qy,
(B) the problem is to be re-evaluated where p, q > 0. Condition on p and q so that the
(C) the objective function has to be modified maximum of Z occurs at both the points (15, 15)
(D) solution is not defined and (0, 20) is
� � (A) q = 3p (B) q = 2p
2. If a and b are two unit vectors inclined at an angle (C) p = q (D) p = 2q
� �
 such that | a  b | 1, then
�� ��
2 4. If | a  b || a  b | Then
(A)   � � � �
3 (A) a  b (B) a ǁ b
 2 � �
(B)  (C) | a || b | (D) None of these
3 3
 5. Maximize Z = 100x + 120y, subject to constraints
(C)  
3 2x + 3y ≤ 30, 3x + y ≤ 17, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0.
(D) None of these (A) 1260 (B) 1280
(C) 1300 (D) 1200

[1]
 �
6. The two adjacent side of a triangle are represented
� 12. ˆ (iˆ  ˆj  k)
Find  and  if (2iˆ  6ˆj  27k) ˆ 0
� ˆ ˆ
by the vectors a 3i  4 j and b 5iˆ  7ˆj he area 27 27
(A) 5, (B) 3,
of the triangle is 2 2
(A) 41 sq units (B) none of these 27 27
(C) 3, (D) 4,
41 5 2
(C) 37 sq units (D) sq units
2
13. Maximize Z = – x + 2y, subject to the constraints:
7. The region represented by the inequation system x ≥ 3, x + y ≥ 5, x + 2y ≥ 6, y ≥ 0.
x, y  0, y  6, x  y  3 is (A) Z has no maximum value
(B) Maximum Z = 14 at (2, 6)
(A) unbounded in first and second quadrants (C) Maximum Z = 12 at (2, 6)
(B) bounded in first quadrant (D) Maximum Z = 10 at (2, 6)
(C) None of these
(D) unbounded in first quadrant
14. The scalar product of the vector ˆi  ˆj  kˆ with a
8. The projection of the vector a  2iˆ  ˆj  kˆ on the unit vector along the sum of 2iˆ  4ˆj  5kˆ and
vector b iˆ  2 ˆj  2kˆ is:  ˆi  2ˆj  3kˆ is equal to one. Find the value of  .
2 (A)  1 (B)   2
(A) (C)  2 (D)   1
3
1
(B) 15. The optimal value of the objective function is
3
attained at the points
(C) 2
(A) given by corner points of the feasible region
4 (B) given by intersection of inequations with the
(D)
3 axes only
(C) given by intersection of inequations with x axis
9. Minimize Z = 5x + 10 y subject to only
x  2y  120, x  y  60, x  2y  0, x, y  0 (D) None of these
(A) Minimum Z = 310 at (60, 0)
� � � � � �
(B) Minimum Z = 320 at (60, 0) If | a | 
16.  26,| b | 7 , | a  b |
35 , a  b is
(C) Minimum Z = 300 at (60, 0) (A) 13 (B) 5
� (C) 12 (D) 7
10. Consider the vectors a ˆi  2ˆj  kˆ and
b  4iˆ  4ˆj  7kˆ . Which of the following is the 17. Which of the following is a convex set?
vector perpendicular to both the vectors? (A) (x, y) : y2  x
(A) 10iˆ  3jˆ  4kˆ (B) (x, y) : x 2  y2  1
(B) 10iˆ  3jˆ  4kˆ (C) {(x, y) : x  2, y  4}
(C) 10iˆ  3jˆ  4kˆ (D) {x, y) : 3x 2  4y2  5 
(D) 10iˆ  3jˆ  4kˆ
18. If the vectors 3iˆ  ˆj  kˆ and 2iˆ  ˆj  8kˆ are
11. Maximise the function Z = 11x + 7y, subject to the perpendicular, then is equal to
constraints x  3, y  2, x  0, y  0. (A) 8 (B) –14
(A) 50 (B) 48 1
(C) (D) 14
(C) 49 (D) 47 7
[2]
19. If the objective function Z = px + qy assumes the 20. If  is the angle between two-unit vectors
same maximum value at two corner points of the 1
aˆ and bˆ then | aˆ  bˆ |
?
feasible region, then the number of points at which 2
the maximum value occurs is:  
(A) 0 (B) 2 (A) tan (B) cos
2 2
(C) Finite (D) Infinite 
(C) sin (D) None of these
2

SECTION-B
1 24. By using the properties of definite integrals,
21. Evaluate:  a 2 sin 2 x  b2 cos2 x dx 
7
evaluate the integral  2
 sin xdx
1 2
22. Evaluate the integral 0 log(1  x)dx 2
25. Evaluate 1(| x  1|  | x |  | x  1|)dx
2
23. Evaluate: 0 2  x 2 dx

SECTION-C
26. Find the particular solution of the differential 29. Solve the differential equation:

equation 2yex/y dx  y  2xe x/y dy  
0, given that
1  x 2  dx
dy
x2 tan 1 x
x  0, when y  1
OR OR
Solve the differential equation dy
Solve the differential equation  1  x2
dy dx
(1  x 2 )  (1  y 2 )  0, given that y = 1,
dx  y2  x 2 y2 , given that y = 1 when x = 0.
when x = 0
30. Find the particular solution of the differential
27. Solve the following differential equation:
equation: (1 + e2x)dy + (1 + y2)ex dx = 0, given that
xdy – (y – x3)dx = 0 y = 1 when x = 0.
OR OR
Find the particular solution of the differential


equation 1  x 2
dy
dx
 1
 2xy  2 , given that y
1 x
In the differential equation show that it is
dy
homogeneous and solve it: x 2  x 2  xy  y 2 .
= 0 when x = 1. dx

dy dy y y
28. Solve:  ysin 2x, it being given that y(0) = 1 31. Solve the differential equation   sin  
dx dx x x
OR OR
Find the general solution of the differential Solve the differential equation:
 dy
equation x 3  x 2  x  1  2x 2  x
dx
 dy
dx
 y cos x  sin x cos x

[3]
 SECTION-D
32. Find the image of the point (0, 2, 3) in the line 34. Find the length shortest distance between the lines
x  3 y 1 z  4 x 6 y7 z4 x y9 z2
    and 
5 2 3 3 1 1 3 2 4
OR OR
Find the coordinates where the line thorough Find the vector equation of the line passing through
(3, – 4, – 5) and (2, – 3, 1) crosses the plane
the point (1, 2, 3) and parallel to the planes
2x + y + z = 7.
�� ˆ ˆ ˆ 5 and r  (3iˆ  ˆj ˆ 6.
r  (i  j 
2k)  k)
33. Find the perpendicular distance of the point (1, 0, 0)
x  1 y  1 z  10
from the line   . Also, find the 35. Prove that if a plane has the intercepts a, b, c is at a
2 3 8
distance of p units from the origin then
coordinates of the foot of the perpendicular and the
1 1 1 1
equation of the perpendicular.   
2 2 2
OR a b c p2
� OR
Show that the lines r (iˆ  ˆj  k)
ˆ   (3iˆ  ˆj) and
� Find the distance of a point (2, 4, –1) from the line
r (4iˆ  k)
 ˆ  (2iˆ  3k)
ˆ intersect Also, find the
x 5 y3 z6
equation of the plane containing them.   .
1 4 9

SECTION-E
36. Read the text carefully and answer the (i) If P is the rent price per apartment and N is
questions: the number of rented apartments, then find
Mrs. Maya is the owner of a high-rise residential the profit.
society having 50 apartments. When he set rent at (ii) If x represents the number of apartments
₹10000/month, all apartments are rented. If he which are not rented, then express profit as a
increases rent by ₹250/ month, one fewer apartment function of x
is rented.
The maintenance cost for each occupied unit is 37. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
₹500/month. Naina is creative she wants to prepare a sweet box
for Diwali at home. She took a square piece of
cardboard of side 18 cm which is to be made into
an open box, by cutting a square from each corner
and folding up the flaps to form the box. She wants
to cover the top of the box with some decorative
paper. Naina is interested in maximizing the
volume of the box.

[4]
 38. Read the following text carefully and answer the
questions that follow: Corner points of the feasible
region for an LPP are (0, 3), (5, 0), (6, 8), (0, 8). Let
Z = 4x – 6y be the objective function.
(i) At which corner point the minimum value of
(i) Find the volume of the open box formed by Z occurs? (1)
folding up the cutting each corner with x cm. (ii) ii. At which corner point the maximum value
(ii) Naina is interested in maximizing the volume of Z occurs? (1)
of the box. So, what should be the side of the (iii) What is the value of (maximum of
square to be cut off so that the volume of the Z – minimum of Z)? (2)
box is maximum?

■■■

[5]
 BANGALORE SAHODAYA SCHOOLS COMPLEX ASSOCIATION
PRE-BOARD EXAMINATION (2024-2025)
Grade XII
Class: - XII Grade 12 Preparatory EXAMINATION-02 Date: -
Time: - 3 hours SUBJECT: MATHEMATICS, SET A Marks: - 80

General Instructions:
x This Question paper contains - five sections A, B, C, D and E. Each section is compulsory.
However, there are internal choices in some questions.
x Section A has 18 MCQ’s and 02 Assertion-Reason based questions of 1 mark each.
x Section B has 5 Very Short Answer (VSA)-type questions of 2 marks each.
x Section C has 6 Short Answer (SA)-type questions of 3 marks each.
x Section D has 4 Long Answer (LA)-type questions of 5 marks each.
x Section E has 3 source based/case based/passage based/integrated units of assessment (4 marks each)
with sub parts.

Section A

1 2 െ1 1 1
For the matrix A =൥ ɉ 2 0൩ to be invertible the value of ɉ is
1 െ2 3
(a) 0 (b) 10 (c) R - {10} (d) R - {-10}

2 െ2025 0 0 1
P is a square matrix such that P. (adj P) = ൥ 0 െ2025 0 ൩, then |P| + |adj P| =
0 0 െ2025
(a) 2025ଶ ൈ 2024 (b) െ2024 (c) 2025 ൈ 2024 (d) ሺെ2025ሻଶ ൅ 2025

3 The corner points of the bounded feasible region determined by a system of linear constraints 1
are (0,3), (1,1) and (3,0). Let Z = ‫ ݔ݌‬൅ ‫ݕݍ‬, where ‫݌‬, ‫ > ݍ‬0. The condition on p and q so that the
minimum of Z occurs at (3,0) and (1,1) is
(a) p = q (b) p = 2q (c) p = 3q (d) 2p = q

4 If A is matrix of order m × n and B is a matrix such that AB' and B'A are both defined, the 1
order of matrix B is
(a) m × n (b) n × n (c) n × m (d) m ×m

5 If AAT= I, then matrix A is called an orthogonal Matrix. Given that A is an orthogonal matrix, 1
the value of | (adj (adj(A)) | is
(a) 1 (b) േ1 (c) -1 (d) 0

6 ୢ ୢ୷ ସ 1
If m and n, respectively, are the order and degree of DE ൬ቀୢ୶ቁ ൰ ൌ 0, then m + n =
ୢ୶
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

7 ୣషమξ౮ ୷ ୢ୶ 1
The integrating factor of the differential equation ൬ െ ൰ =1
ξ୶ ξ୶ ୢ୷

(a) eଶξ୶ (b) 2ξx (c) eିଶξ୶ (d) െ2ξx

pg. 1
 8 e୶ 1
න ሼ1 ൅ ሺx ൅ 1ሻ logሺx ൅ 1ሻሽ dx
x൅1
(a) e୶ log (x + 1) + e୶ + C (b) e୶ log (x + 1) + C
ୣ౮ ୣ౮ ୶
(c) +C (d) +C
୶ ାଵ ୶ ାଵ

9 A problem in Mathematics is given to three students whose chances of solving it are ½, ѿ and 1
¼ respectively. If the events of their solving the problem are independent, then the probability
that the problem will be solved, is
(a) ¼ (b) ѿ (c) ½ (d) ¾

10 ୩ ୡ୭ୱ ୶ ஠ 1
, if x ് ஠
஠ ି ଶ୶ ଶ
The value of k for which the function ൝ ஠ is continuous at x = is
ଶ
3 , if x ൌ
ଶ
(a) 3 (b) -3 (c) 6 (d) -6

11 a c െ1 1
If A = ൥b 0 5 ൩ is a skew-symmetric matrix, then the value of 2a – (b + c) is
1 െ5 0

(a) 10 (b) -10 (c) 0 (d) 1

12 ୢ୷
1
If y = ට sinx ൅ ඥsinx ൅ ξsinx ൅. . . . . . . . . . . . . . λ then is
ୢ୶
ୱ୧୬ ୶ ୡ୭ୱ ୶ ୡ୭ୱ ୶
(a) (b) (c) (d)none of these
ଶ୷ ି ଵ ଶ୷ ି ଵ ୷ିଵ

13 For an LPP, the objective function is Z= 4x + 3y, and the feasible 1

region determined by a set of constraints (linear inequations) is
shown in the graph.

Which one of the following statements is true?

(a) Maximum value of Z is at R
(b) Maximum value of Z is at Q
(c) Value of Z at R is less than the value at P
(d) Value of Z at Q is less than the value of R

14 f(x) = x ୶ has a stationary point at 1

ଵ
(a) x = e (b) x = (c) x = െ e (d) x = ξe
ୣ

15 The sides of an equilateral triangle are increasing at the rate of 2 cm/sec. The rate at which the 1
area increases (in cm2/sec) when the side is 10 cm is
ଵ଴
(a) 10 (b) ξ3 (c) 10ξ3 (d)
ଷ

16 Area bounded by the curve y = x ଷ , the x-axis and the ordinates x = -2 and x = 1 is 1
ିଵହ ଵହ ଵ଻
(a) – 9 (b) ( c) (d)
ସ ସ ସ

pg. 2
 17 ଵ 1
‫ ୶ ׬‬ሺ୶ఱାଵሻ dx
ଵ ୶ఱ ଵ
(a)
ହ
log ቚ୶ఱାଵ ቚ + c (b) log |x ହ ሺx ହ ൅ 1ሻ| + c
ହ
ଵ ୶ఱ ା ଵ
(c)
ହ
log ቚ ୶ఱ
ቚ+c (d) None of these

18 If Į, ȕ and Ȗ are the angles which a line makes with the positive directions of x, y, z axes 1
respectively, then which of the following is not true?
a) cos 2Į + cos2ȕ + cos2Ȗ = -1
b) cos2Į + cos2ȕ + cos2Ȗ = 1
c) sin2Į + sin2ȕ + sin2Ȗ = 2
d) cos Į + cos ȕ + cos Ȗ = 1

Assertion Reason Type Questions

Directions: In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement
of the reason (R). Mark the correct choice as:
(a) Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) Assertion is false but reason is true.

19 Assertion: The value of tanିଵ ൫ξ3൯ െ sec ିଵ ሺെ2ሻ is ஠. 1

ଷ
ି஠ ஠
Reason: If tanିଵ ሺxሻ = y, then the principal value of y is ଶ
൏y൏
ଶ

20 Assertion (A): The function f(x) = (|x െ 6| cos x) is differentiable in ܴ í {6}. 1

Reason (R): If a function f is continuous at a point c, then it is also differentiable at that point.

Section B

21 sin x ൅ cos x ஠ 2
Express sinିଵ ቀ
Ɏ
ቁ , where െ ସ < x < ସ in the simplest form. Justify.
ξ2
OR
Draw the graph of cos ିଵ x where x Ԗ ሾെ1, 0ሿ. Also write the range of cos ିଵ x , tanିଵ x.

22 xଶ ൅ 1 , 0 ൑ x ൏ 1 2
Check the differentiability of the function f(x) = ൜ at x =1.
3 െ x, 1൑x൑2
23 Find the interval(s) in which the function f(x) = x ଶ eି୶ is strictly increasing. 2
OR
4 sin x ஠
Show that the function ቀ െ xቁ is strictly increasing in ቂ0, ቃ .
2 ൅ cos x ଶ

24 The diagram given represents a parallelogram ABCD. 2

ሬሬሬሬሬԦ = 3Ƹ ൅ ଌƸ ൅ 4k෠ and DB
If AB ሬሬሬሬሬԦ = 2Ƹ ൅ 2ଌƸ ൅ 3k෠ . Find the area of the
parallelogram ABCD.

25 Find the coordinates of the points on the line ୶ା ଶ = ୷ ା ଵ = ୸ ିଷ at the distance of 5 units 2
ଷ ଶ ଶ
from the point (1,3,3).

pg. 3
 Section C

26 If x= a cos ș + b sin ș and y = a sin ș í b cos ș then show that ୢ୷ = ି ‫ ܠ‬and hence prove that 3
ୢ୶ ‫ܡ‬
ୢమ ୷ ୢ୷
yଶ - x + y = 0.
ୢ୶మ ୢ୶

27 A and B throw a die alternatively till one of them gets a ‘six’ and wins the game. Find their 3
respective probabilities of winning, if A starts the game.

OR
There are four cards numbered 1 to 4, one number on one card. Two cards are drawn at
random without replacement. Let X denote the sum of the numbers on the two cards drawn.
Find the probability distribution of X and the mean of X.

28 2 cos x 3
Find න dx
ሺ1 െ sinxሻ ሺ1 ൅ sinଶ xሻ

29 Find the general solution of the DE: ൫x ଶ y ൅ yx ඥy ଶ െ x ଶ ൯dx െ x ଷ dy = 0. 3

OR
ୢ୷ ଷ୶ ଶ
Solve the DE: ሺx ൅ 1ሻ െ y = e ሺx ൅ 1ሻ
ୢ୶

30 Solve the LPP graphically: Maximise Z = 50x + 30y, subject to constraints: 3

x + 2y ൑ 12, 2x + y ൑ 12, 4x + 5y ൒ 20, x ൒ 0, y ൒ 0.

஠
31 x sin x 3
Evaluate න dx
଴ 1 ൅ cos ଶ x
OR
2
Evaluate න |x3 െ x| dx
െ1

Section D

32 Let N denote the set of all natural numbers and R be the relation on N × N defined by 5
(a, b) R (c, d) ֞ ad (b + c) = bc (a + d) for all (a, b), (c, d) Ԗ N × N. Show that R is an
equivalence relation on N × N.
OR
ଶ୶
Show that the function f: R ՜ R defined by f(x) = is neither one-one nor Onto.
ଵ ା ୶మ
Further find Set A so that the given function f: R ՜ A becomes an onto function.

33 3 2 1 5
If A =൥4 െ1 2 ൩, then find A–1 and hence solve the following system of equations:
7 3 െ3
3x + 4y + 7z = 14, 2x – y + 3z = 4, x + 2y – 3z = 0.

pg. 4
 34 Using Integration, find the area of the triangle whose vertices are (-1,1), (0,5) and (3,2). Draw 5
the rough sketch and show necessary steps.
OR
஠ ஠
Draw the rough sketch of the curve y = 10 cos 2x ; where ൑ x ൑ . Using integration, find
଺ ଷ
஠ ஠
the area of region bounded by y = 10 cos 2x from the ordinates x = to x = and the x-axis.
଺ ଷ

35 Find the Cartesian equation of a line L2 which is the mirror image of the line L1 with respect 5
୶ ୷ ିଵ ୸ିଶ
to line L: = = , given that line L1 passes through the point P (1, 6, 3) and is
ଵ ଶ ଷ
parallel to line L.

Section E

Case Study 1

36 Simran cuts a metallic wire of length ‘a’ metre into two pieces.
She uses both pieces to create two squares of different side
lengths. Assume that the wire of length ‘x’ metres be used to
make the first square.

(i) Express the side lengths of both the squares in terms of ‘a’ and ‘x’. 2
Find an expression for the combined area (A) of both the squares as a function of x.

(ii) Using derivatives, determine the side lengths of both the squares (in terms of ‘a’) for which the 2
Combined area A is minimum. Justify.
OR
Using derivatives, find the minimum value of the combined area of both squares in terms of
‘a’. Justify.

Case Study 2

37 The flight path of two aeroplanes in a flight simulator game are shown.
The coordinates of the airports P (-2, 1, 3) and Q (3, 4, -1) are given.
Aeroplane 1 flies directly from P to Q.
Aeroplane 2 that starts from P has a layover at R and then flies to Q.

෠.
The Path of Aeroplane 2 from P to R can be represented by the vector 5Ƹ ൅ ଌƸ െ 2k
(Note: Assume that the flight path is straight and fuel is consumed uniformly throughout the
flight.)

(i) What is the angle between the flight paths of Aeroplane 1 and Aeroplane 2 just after take-off? 2

(ii) Write the vector representing the path of Aeroplane 2 from R to Q. 2

Consider that Aeroplane 1 started the flight with a full fuel tank. Find the position vector of the
point where a third of the fuel runs out if the entire fuel is required for the flight.

pg. 5
 Case Study 3

38 A company conducts a mandatory health check-up for all newly hired

employees, to check for infections that could affect other regular employees.
A blood infection affects roughly 5% of the population. The probability of a
false positive on the test for this infection is 4%, while the probability of a
false negative on the test is 3%.
(Note: A false positive on a test refers to a case when a person is not infected,
but tests positive for the infection. A false negative on a test refers to a case when a person is
infected, but tests negative for the infection.)

(i) What is the probability that a person tests positive given that he is actually infected? 2
What is the probability that the employee tests positive for the infection?

(ii) If a person tests positive for the infection, 2

(a) what is the probability that the employee is infected?
(b) What is the probability that employee is not infected?
OR
What is the probability that a person tests negative for the infection? If a person tests negative
for the infection, what is the probability that the employee is actually infected?

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pg. 6