Date : 11-02-2026 STD 11 Science Biology Total Marks : 35

Section A

1. Select and write the correct answer for the following multiple-choice type of questions: [10]

I. Cockroach has ___________ type of mouthparts.

(A) sponging (B) chewing and (C) piercing and (D) lapping
biting sucking
Ans. : chewing and biting
II. Spiracle is a part of ________ system of cockroach.
(A) circulatory (B) respiration (C) reproductive (D) nervous

Ans. : respiration
III. Circlet of six chitinous teeth and backwardly directed bristles are present in _____ .
(A) fenestrae (B) mesenteron (C) rectum (D) gizzard

Ans. : (D) gizzard

IV. In cockroach, ventral nerve cord is present in the
(A) pericardial sinus (B) perineural sinus (C) head sinus (D) perivisceral sinus
Ans. : (B) perineural sinus
V. In cockroach, malpighian tubules are present at junction of
(A) foregut and (B) midgut and (C) hindgut and (D) foregut and
midgut hindgut foregut hindgut

Ans. : (B) midgut and hindgut

VI. Common oviduct opens into
(A) phallomere (B) bursa copulatrix (C) utricular gland (D) vagina
Ans. : (B) bursa copulatrix
VII. ________ are external genitalia of male cockroach.
(A) Phallomeres (B) Utricular gland (C) Seminal vesicles (D) Spermatheca

Ans. : (A) Phallomeres

VIII. Select the INCORRECT statement from the following.
(A) Head of cockroach (B) In cockroach, (C) In cockroach, (D) Cockroach has
is formed by the anus is present on heart has 22 open type of
fusion of six ventral side of 10th chambers. circulatory system.
segments. segment.
Ans. : (C) In cockroach, heart has 22 chambers.

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 IX. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
(A) Female cockroach possesses sixteen ovarioles in the ovaries.
(B) Cockroaches exhibit mosaic vision with less sensitivity and more resolution.
(C) A mushroom-shaped gland is present in the 6th – 7th abdominal segments of male cockroach.
(D) A pair of spermatheca is present in the 6th segment of female cockroach.

Ans. : (B) Cockroaches exhibit mosaic vision with less sensitivity and more resolution.
X. Select the CORRECT sequence of organs in the alimentary canal of cockroach starting from
mouth:
(A) Pharynx → Oesophagus → Gizzard → Ileum → Crop → Colon → Rectum
(B) Pharynx → Oesophagus → Ileum → Crop → Gizzard → Colon → Rectum
(C) Pharynx → Oesophagus → Crop Gizzard → Ileum → Colon → Rectum
(D) Pharynx → Oesophagus → Gizzard → Crop → Ileum → Colon → Rectum
Ans. : (C) Pharynx → Oesophagus → Crop Gizzard → Ileum → Colon → Rectum

2. Answer the following questions [6]

I. What is ganglion?
Ans. : 1. Ganglion is a group of nerve cell bodies.
2. It represents the brain in advanced invertebrates.
II. Why are cockroaches said to be omnipresent?
Ans. : Cockroaches are said to be omnipresent as they are present everywhere, all over the
world. They are usually seen in damp and moist places, crevices.
III. The other term for gizzard in cockroach.
Ans. : Proventriculus
IV. The structural and functional unit of eye of cockroach.
Ans. : Ommatidia
V. Body segment of cockroach is covered by these four chitinous plates.
Ans. : Dorsal tergum, ventral sternum and two lateral pleurons.
VI. Explain in detail the hindgut of cockroach.
Ans. : Hindgut or proctodaeum: It consists of ileum, colon and rectum.

Section B

* Answer the following questions. ( Write Any 3 ) [6]

1. Can a person do a complete detailed study of each of those animals?

Ans. : Yes, a person can do a complete detailed study of each of those animals. Classification
of animals based on characteristics into various groups has made it easier to study them.
2. Which phylum is most diverse and populous?
Ans. : Phylum Arthropoda is most diverse and populous.

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3. simple and compound eyes
Ans. :
Simple eyes Compound eyes
Compound eyes contain several lenses
1. Simple eyes contain single lens and
(around 2000) called ommatidia (sing.
several sensory cells.
Ommatidium).
Each ommatidium forms an image of an
2. Single lens collect light and focuses onto
object thereby forming several images of
retina to form a single image
an ob ject.
3. Simple eye does not form a complex Compound eye forms a complex image of
image but can detect movement of the an object 1 and detects even a slightest
object. movement of the object.
4. What are the antennae of cockroach also known as?
Ans. : Antennae: They are also called as [Link] are long, filamentous, segmented
structures that can move in all [Link] are lodged in membranous pits known as
antennal [Link] are tactile (touch) as well as olfactory (smell) organs.
Function: They are useful in locating the food material in the vicinity.
5. What are spiracles?
Ans. : Spiracles: They are paired respiratory openings. Spiracles are present on the ventro-
lateral side of the body, in pleural membrane. Cockroaches have two pairs of thoracic and
eight pairs of abdominal [Link] spiracles open into a series of air sacs from which
arise the tubes called trachea. The spiracles let the air into and out of trachea.

Section C

* Answer the following questions in detail ( Write Any 3 ) [9]

1. What is ootheca?
Ans. : 1. The secretion of collaterial glands forms a capsule around them is called as ootheca
or egg case.
2. It is about 8 mm long and ranges from dark reddish to blackish brown.
3. Ootheca contains 14 to 16 fertilized eggs in two rows.
4. They are dropped or glued to a suitable surface, like a crack or crevice with good humidity
near a food source.
5. A female cockroach on an average, produces 9 to 10 oothecae during its lifespan.
2. Describe the heart in cockroach.
Ans. : Heart: It is about 2.5 cm long, narrow, muscular tube that is open anteriorly and closed
posteriorly. It starts from 9th abdominal segment and extends anteriorly upto 1st thoracic
segment. Heart of cockroach is 13 chambered, out of which 10 chambers are in abdominal
region and 3 chambers are in thoracic region. Each chamber has a pair of vertical slit-like
incurrent aperture or opening called ostium (plural: ostia). Ostia are present along lateral
side in the posterior region of first 12 chambers. Each ostium has lip-like valves that allow the
flow of blood from sinus to heart only.

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3. Why are cockroaches considered as pests?
Ans. : Cockroaches are considered pests due to following reasons:
1. Cockroaches damage household materials like clothes, shoes, paper, etc.
2. Cockroaches eat and destroy the foodstuff. They contaminate food, which gives a typical
smell to food and make it unpalatable.
3. They cany pathogens of diseases like cholera, diarrhoea, tuberculosis, typhoid, etc.
4. Which wings are known as true wings? Why?
Ans. : Wings: Forewings and hindwings form the two pair of wings present on the dorsal
side. Forewings are the first pair of dark, opaque, thick, leathery wings. Hindwings are thin,
broad, membranous delicate and [Link] are attached to tergum of metathorax.
Functions: Forewings are protective in function and hindwings are helpful in flight, thus are
called true wings.
5. Enlist the four ganglia of autonomous nervous system of cockroach.
Ans. : Autonomic nervous system (ANS): It consists of four ganglia and a retrocerebral
complex.
The ganglia are as follows:
1. Frontal ganglion: It is present above the pharynx and in front of brain.
2. Hypocerebral ganglion: It is present on the anterior region of oesophagus.
3. Ingluvial ganglion: It is present on crop. It is also called as visceral ganglion.
4. Ventricular ganglion: It is present on gizzard.

Section D

* Answer the following questions in detail ( Write Any 1 ) [4]

1. Sense organs: Collect the information and complete the chart.

Ans. :
Sense organ Location Function
1. Antenna Head Detect touch, smell and locate the food in vicinity
Provides mosaic vision, detect slightest movement of
2. Eyes Head object, provide more sensitive vision but less
resolution
3. Maxillary palp Mouth Detects smell and taste.
4. Labial palp Mouth Detects smell and taste.
5. Anal cerci Abdomen Detect touch and sound (respond to air or vibrations)
2. Give the measures to control the population of cockroach.
Ans. : Cockroaches are economically harmful organism. They must be controlled in an
efficient way.
Following are the measures to control the population of cockroach:
1. Maintain good sanitation: Dark and humid places of kitchen, cupboards, trolleys must be
cleaned regularly. Cracks and crevices and other such areas must be filled. Accumulation of
garbage at home should be avoided.
2. Keeping water in drainage trap: If the drain trap is dry, cockroaches frequently enter home
by migrating up from sewer connections. So, we should always keep the drain trap filled with
water.
3. Chemical control: Organophosphates, carbamates, pyrethroids and boric acid are efficient
poisons of cockroaches. Various types of their formulations are available in market under
various brand names.
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