Data Visualization in R Detailed Notes
Uploaded by
Kajal SinghData Visualization in R Detailed Notes
Uploaded by
Kajal SinghData Visualization in R - Detailed Notes
1. Introduction to Data Visualization
Data visualization is the graphical representation of data to identify patterns, trends, and relation
2. Importance
- Helps in Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA)
- Identifies trends and outliers
- Supports business decision-making
- Improves communication of insights
3. Graphics Systems in R
- Base R Graphics
- ggplot2 Package
- Lattice Package
- Plotly (Interactive Visualization)
4. Basic Plots in Base R
Scatter Plot:
plot(x, y)
Line Plot:
plot(x, y, type="l")
Bar Plot:
barplot(data)
Histogram:
hist(data)
Boxplot:
boxplot(data)
Pie Chart:
pie(data)
5. ggplot2 Package
Developed by Hadley Wickham.
Based on Grammar of Graphics.
Install:
[Link]("ggplot2")
library(ggplot2)
Example Scatter Plot:
ggplot(data=mtcars, aes(x=wt, y=mpg)) +
geom_point()
Example Histogram:
ggplot(data=mtcars, aes(x=mpg)) +
geom_histogram(bins=10)
6. Grammar of Graphics Components
- Data
- Aesthetic Mapping (aes)
- Geometries (geom_)
- Statistical Transformations
- Scales
- Coordinates
- Themes
7. Customization
- theme_minimal()
- scale_fill_manual()
- facet_wrap()
8. Saving Plots
ggsave("[Link]")
9. Interactive Visualization
Using plotly package for interactive charts.
10. Best Practices
- Choose correct chart type
- Avoid clutter
- Proper labeling
- Use appropriate colors
- Avoid misleading scales
Applications:
- Sales Analysis
- Financial Forecasting
- Market Trends
- Customer Analysis