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IGL Notes

The Ideal Gas Law relates pressure, volume, temperature, and amount of gas in one equation, allowing for the calculation of any of these variables when a gas behaves ideally. It is based on earlier gas laws and uses the ideal gas constant (R), which varies based on the chosen units. Key concepts include the requirement for temperature in Kelvin, unit matching for R, and specific formulas for rearranging the law when one component is missing.

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Michael Andress Palulan
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9 views2 pages

IGL Notes

The Ideal Gas Law relates pressure, volume, temperature, and amount of gas in one equation, allowing for the calculation of any of these variables when a gas behaves ideally. It is based on earlier gas laws and uses the ideal gas constant (R), which varies based on the chosen units. Key concepts include the requirement for temperature in Kelvin, unit matching for R, and specific formulas for rearranging the law when one component is missing.

Uploaded by

Michael Andress Palulan
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

IDEAL GAS LAW NOTES

n Amount of mol
gas
Introduction T Temperature K
• The Ideal Gas Law relates R Ideal gas depends
pressure, volume, temperature, constant on
and amount of gas in one chosen
equation. units
• It is used to solve for P, V, T, or n
when a gas is assumed to Ideal Gas Constant (R) Choose the
behave ideally. correct one based on your units
R value Use V is T is
when in... in...
Proponent P is
• The Ideal Gas Law is a combined in...
model based on earlier gas laws 0.082057 atm L K
(Boyle, Charles, Avogadro, and L·atm/(mol·K)
Gay-Lussac). 8.314 kPa L K
• It is commonly expressed using L·kPa/(mol·K)
62.364 mmHg L K
the ideal gas constant (R).
L·mmHg/(mol·K)
8.314 J/(mol·K) Pa m³ K
Concept / Relationship
• Pressure (P) increases when What to do when one component
temperature (T) or moles (n) is missing (Rearranged Forms)
increase, if volume is constant. Missing Rearranged
• Volume (V) increases when Variable Formula
temperature (T) or moles (n) P P = (nRT) / V
increase, if pressure is constant. V V = (nRT) / P
• Temperature must be in Kelvin n n = (PV) / (RT)
T T = (PV) / (nR)
(K).
R (rarely R = (PV) / (nT)
solved)
Formula
PV = nRT Required Conversions (Use
Consistent Units)
Meaning of Symbols
A. Temperature (Must be Kelvin)
Symbol Meaning Common
• K = °C + 273.15
Units
P Pressure atm, kPa, • °C = K − 273.15
mmHg, • Always convert °C to K before
Pa substituting into the Ideal Gas
V Volume L, mL, m³ Law.
IDEAL GAS LAW NOTES
B. Pressure Units Important Notes / Reminders
• 1 atm = 101.325 kPa • Unit matching is required: your
• 1 atm = 760 mmHg chosen R must match the units of
• 1 atm = 760 torr P and V.
• 1 kPa ≈ 7.5006 mmHg • The Ideal Gas Law is most
• 1 mmHg ≈ 0.133322 kPa accurate at low pressure and
• 1 atm = 101,325 Pa high temperature (gases behave
more ideally under these
C. Volume Units conditions).
• 1 L = 1000 mL
• 1 mL = 1 cm³ (cc)
• 1 m³ = 1000 L

D. Amount of Gas (Moles)


• If given mass: n = mass (g) ÷
molar mass (g/mol).
• If given number of particles: n =
number of particles ÷ 6.022 ×
10²³ (Avogadro’s number).

Solving Procedure
(Recommended Steps)
• 1. Identify the given values (P, V,
n, T) and determine the missing
variable.
• 2. Convert temperature to Kelvin
(K).
• 3. Choose an R value that
matches your pressure and
volume units.
• 4. Convert pressure/volume if
needed so the units match the
chosen R.
• 5. Substitute into PV = nRT and
solve.
• 6. Write the final answer with the
correct unit.

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