📒 Unit II Notes: Compiling and
Executing Java Programs (BlueJ)
1. Java Programming on BlueJ Platform
Now we learn how to:
● Write Java programs
● Compile them
● Execute them on BlueJ
● Accept values from user during runtime
2. Using Assignment Statement
Assignment Statement:
It assigns a value to a variable.
Example:
int a = 10;
int b = 20;
sum = a + b;
This is one of the easiest ways to write beginner programs because values are directly given
inside the program.
Example Program: Sum and Difference
public class Sum
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
int a=345, b=276;
int sum=0, diff=0;
sum = a + b;
diff = a - b;
[Link]("First number = " + a);
[Link]("Second number = " + b);
[Link]("Sum = " + sum);
[Link]("Difference = " + diff);
}
}
3. Compilation and Execution in BlueJ
Steps:
1. Write program in editor
2. Click Compile
3. Message appears:
✅ Class compiled – no syntax errors
4. Right-click class icon
5. Select:
void main(String[] args)
6. Output appears in terminal window
4. Accepting Input Values using main()
Function
Instead of assigning values in program, we can input values at runtime.
Example:
public static void main(int p, int r, int t)
BlueJ will ask values in method call window.
Program: Simple Interest
public class Interest
{
public static void main(int p, int r, int t)
{
double si, amt;
si = (p*r*t)/100.0;
amt = p + si;
[Link]("Simple Interest = Rs." + si);
[Link]("Amount = Rs." + amt);
}
}
5. Program: Convert Days into Years,
Months, Days
public class Days
{
public static void main(int n)
{
int y, m, d;
y = n/365;
n = n%365;
m = n/30;
d = n%30;
[Link]("Years = " + y);
[Link]("Months = " + m);
[Link]("Days = " + d);
}
}
6. Program: Percentage of Boys and
Girls
If total students = n
Girls = m
public class Percentage
{
public static void main(int n, int m)
{
float perb, perg;
perg = (float)m*100.0f/n;
perb = 100.0f - perg;
[Link]("Percentage of boys = " + perb);
[Link]("Percentage of girls = " + perg);
}
}
7. Flow of Control
Flow of Control:
Order in which statements are executed in a program.
Types:
1. Normal Flow of Control
2. Conditional Flow of Control
A. Normal Flow of Control
Statements execute one after another in sequence.
Example:
Statement 1 → Statement 2 → Statement 3 → Output
B. Conditional Flow of Control
Execution depends on conditions.
Decision making statements:
1. if statement
2. if–else statement
3. if–else–if ladder
8. if Statement
Used when a statement should execute only if condition is true.
Syntax:
if(condition)
statement;
9. if–else Statement
Executes one block if condition is true, otherwise executes else block.
Syntax:
if(condition)
statement1;
else
statement2;
10. Multiple if Statement
Used when there are multiple independent conditions.
Syntax:
if(condition1)
statement1;
if(condition2)
statement2;
if(condition3)
statement3;
11. if–else–if Ladder
Used when more than one condition is checked but only one will execute.
Syntax:
if(condition1)
statement1;
else if(condition2)
statement2;
else
statement3;
12. Types of Errors in a Program
There are three main types:
1. Syntax Error
Occurs when grammar rules of Java are not followed.
Example:
c = (a+b/2);
Correct:
c = (a+b)/2;
2. Logical Error
Program runs but gives wrong output due to incorrect logic.
Example:
Writing:
a*b
Instead of:
a+b
3. Run-time Error
Occurs during execution, cannot be detected by compiler.
Example:
Division by zero:
a = b/0;
13. Solved Programs using Decision
Making
Program 1: Square and Cube of Smaller/Greater
Number
if(a>b)
{
sq = b*b;
cb = a*a*a;
}
else
{
sq = a*a;
cb = b*b*b;
}
Output:
● Square of smaller number
● Cube of greater number
Program 2: Greatest of Three Numbers
if((a>b)&&(a>c))
[Link]("First is greatest");
else if((b>a)&&(b>c))
[Link]("Second is greatest");
else
[Link]("Third is greatest");
Program 3: Profit or Loss
if(sp>cp)
{
profit = sp-cp;
pp = profit*100.0/cp;
}
else if(cp>sp)
{
loss = cp-sp;
lp = loss*100.0/cp;
}
else
[Link]("Neither Profit nor Loss");
Program 4: Type of Triangle
Conditions:
● Triangle possible if:
(a+b>c)&&(b+c>a)&&(c+a>b)
Types:
● Equilateral: a=b=c
● Isosceles: any two sides equal
● Scalene: all different
Program 5: Grades Based on Average Marks
Average of 3 subjects:
avg = (p+c+b)/3.0;
Grade table:
Average Marks Grade
80% and above Distinction
60–79% First Division
45–59% Second Division
Below 45% Promotion not
granted
✅ Chapter at a Glance
● Programs can be designed by:
○ Assigning values inside program
○ Accepting input at runtime
● Flow of Control:
○ Normal flow
○ Conditional flow
● Conditional statements:
○ if
○ if–else
○ if–else–if ladder
● Errors:
○ Syntax error
○ Logical error
○ Run-time error