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Redeveloped Division Initiated Self-Learning Module

Department of Education
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– Division of Palawan
Practical Research 2 – Grade 12
Redeveloped Division Initiated - Self-Learning Module
Quarter 2 – Module 8: Formulating Recommendations
Second Edition, 2021

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Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
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holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these
materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not
represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education, Division of Palawan

Schools Division Superintendent:
Roger F. Capa, CESO VI
OIC - Assistant Schools Division Superintendents:
Rufino B. Foz
Arnaldo G. Ventura

Development team for

Development Team
Redevelopment Activity

Writer: Elena T. De Vega Writer: Elena T. De Vega

Management Team: Editors: Corazon A. Quintos and
Aurelia B. Marquez Marianne R. Valdez
Rosalyn C. Gadiano Management Team:
Rodgie S. Demalinao Aurelia B. Marquez
Learning Area EPS Rosalyn C. Gadiano
Rodgie S. Demalinao
Learning Area EPS

Department of Education – MIMAROPA Region – Division of Palawan

Office Address: PEO Road, Barangay Bancao-Bancao, Puerto Princesa City
Telephone: (048) 433-6392
E-mail Address: palawan@[Link]
Website: [Link]

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Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners, can
continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions,
exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-step
as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge of lessons in each SLM.
This will tell you if you need to proceed with completing this module or if you need
to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for a better understanding of
the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-
check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust
that you will be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also
provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they
can best help you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of
this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And
read the instructions carefully before performing each task

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks
in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thank you.

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 Practical Research 2 Formulating
Second Quarter
Week 8 Recommendations

MELC : Formulates recommendations (CS_RS12-IIh-j-2)

Objective/s : 1. Formulates recommendations

What I Know
Directions: Read each item carefully. Choose the letter of the best answer and write
them on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Recommendations are formulated based on _________________________.

a. The related literature of the study
b. The summarized findings and conclusions
c. The personal observations of the researcher
d. The research methodology used by the researcher

2. It refers to the characteristic of recommendation in research that based on the

findings and conclusions should be practical, workable, and achievable.
a. Logical Reasoning
b. Relevance to the Study
c. Feasibleness and attainability

3. It is a characteristic of recommendation in research that should be well thought and

with valid reasons.
a. Logical Reasoning
b. Relevance to the Study
c. Feasibleness and attainability

4. It is a characteristic of recommendation in research that tells about the degree to

which a certain variable is related or useful to what is being talked about.
a. Logical Reasoning
b. Relevance to the Study
c. Feasibleness and attainability

5. A research recommendation should be EXCEPT _______________________.

a. Specific c. Achievable
b. Measurable d. Hypothetical

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B. Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if the statement is not
correct.
6. Policy recommendations should be included as an output of research.
7. Recommendations of research can include future research directions.
8. A researcher can recommend some problems discovered in the research study.
9. Recommendations should bear an introductory statement or paragraph that links
them back to the findings and conclusions of the study.
10. Recommendations should be achievable.

What is It

Recommendations typically play a vital portion in a research study. Formulating

recommendations is easy, provided the findings and conclusions have been fully
explained and completed. Recommendations are based on the findings of the study.
They should not be based on your own beliefs or biases. They should not be too broad
to lose their relevance to the exact topic of your research study.

Recommendations should bear an introductory statement or paragraph that links

them back to the findings and conclusion, outlining the areas needing attention or
immediate course of action. Recommendations should be clear, concise, and correct.
It is also the proper place to address academic reports that suggest, propose or
recommend decisive actions for immediate solutions.

Recommendations, like objectives, may be stated following the “SMART”

acronym. Illustrated examples are as follows:

1. Recommendations that are specific may be expressed in the following manner:

It shows specific actions to be done to execute the recommended task for whom
the recommendation is addressed.

Example: 1. Increase sales through the marketing campaign.

2. The researcher further recommends some interventions as rest pauses between

classes, flexible time for those with young school-age children, shorter working
days, special lunch periods, special lounging room for teaching staff (Dumrong
2013).

2. Recommendations that are measurable may be stated as follows:

Example:

Improve training by increasing pay increment for each additional year of service.
This would prevent the staff from leaving. In the long run, it will save the company from
recruiting and training new staff.

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3. Recommendation can be achievable.

Example: We should retrain staff who consistently do not meet targets.

4. Recommendation should be result-oriented. Recommendations should provide good

results for stakeholders.

Example:

This paper recommends a Theory-Generating Research Framework for Poverty

Reduction. The findings and conclusions in the study served as baseline data in the
evolution of this framework (Yap,n.d.).

5. Recommendation that is time-bound is illustrated through a sample from a

hypothetical study shown below:

Example:

The findings suggest that procedures should be set up so that newly hired librarians are
not allowed to serve users until they have finished with training. A new librarian who will
be on duty for the first time should always be accompanied by a senior librarian or its
library coordinator for a certain period.

Characteristics of Recommendations

The following characteristics should be found in formulating recommendations

for research.

 Relevance to the Study

Relevance measures the degree to which a certain variable is related or useful to

what is being talked about. Recommendations for things not discussed in the study are
irrelevant.

 Logical Reasoning

The recommendations should be well thought of and with valid reasons.

 If the findings, for example, are too large a class size, it is only logical to
recommend an ideal class size to create a healthy teaching and learning
environment.
 Feasibleness and attainability
The recommendations based on the findings and conclusions should be
practical, workable, and achievable. A recommendation about the need to
improve and upgrade the science laboratory in public schools is feasible and
attainable.

Purposes of a Recommendation

There are several purposes of writing a recommendation after determining issues

raised in a research study.

1. Policy recommendations

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 A policy serves as a guideline in promulgating certain regulations in various sectors
of society.

Policy recommendations should be included as an output of research.

Researchers can use the findings of their studies to effect change in policies already
being implemented.

The recommended actions should be specified, the steps required to implement

the proposed actions, and what resources are needed should be included.

Example

1. On the implementation of Tech-Voc Track of the SHS Curriculum

Revisit the Tech-Voc curriculum to prepare students for gainful employment in the
industry.

2. On heavier semestral load of Senior High School students.

Revisit the 80-hours per semester requirement for each subject in the Senior High
School (SHS) Curriculum.

2. Recommendations for Future Research Directions

It is also ideal to present and discuss actions or off-shoots of your research for
further study of validation purposes. You may present or discuss additional research
which you were not able to include in your research but worthwhile doing.

Some types of future research suggestions may be any one of the following:

1. Addressing the research limitations of your research study.

Example:

A study was conducted to determine the effects of cooperative learning on

students’ performance in English. It was found out the use of cooperative learning can
increase students’ performance in English. However, the sample when compared to the
whole population of the school was inadequate. A larger sample is needed to
determine if the same results will come out to produce better recommendations.

2. Examine other variables not included in your current research study.

3. Examining alternative interventions which merit serious studies.

4. More research on the effects and effectiveness of a similar program to

younger or older age groups.

5. Similar studies may be done on academic achievement in other

subjects.

3. Recommendations to some Problems Discovered in the Research Study

In the research study on the “Evaluation of Mainstreaming Special Education

(SPED) for Visually Impaired” by Dand other epED, results indicated that teachers are not
majors of SPED and the facilities are inadequate to support the program.

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Sample Recommendations:

1. Hire qualified teachers to handle the program.

2. Conduct regular training/workshops and other faculty development programs

to improve the capabilities of current teachers.

3. Improve existing facilities, instructional materials, curriculum, teaching

approaches, school management, and other support systems to improve the
effectiveness of mainstreaming SPED program of DepEd.

4. Recommendations for improvement or change.

5. There may be recommendations for the continuance of good practice.

What I Can Do

Activity 1

Directions: Read and analyze the given situations then decide what will be your
recommendation.

Situation Situation
1 Your friend 2 Your younger
accidentally
brother doesn't
dropped the
like to do his
favorite vase of
module.
her mother.

Recommendation: Recommendation:
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________

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Activity 2

Recommending Time
Directions: Write your recommendation for each of the given hypothetical
statements.

Statement Recommendation
1. Most of the respondents are
undecided about 3 in 1 Palawan.

2. Most of the young men and women

are positive about using English in the
classroom.

What’s More
Activity 3

Conduct a simple interview with your parents about the top three bill-raisers at home.
Bill-raisers are those activities that contribute to the increase of bills such as “not switching
off the light when not in use”. Formulate recommendations to lessen your household
expenses by completing the table below.

Recommendation

Household Bill-raiser 1

Household Bill-raiser 2

Household Bill-raiser 3

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Activity 4

The table below was taken from the previous module. Based on the formulated
conclusion, formulate a recommendation.

3 in 1 Palawan

Yes No Undecided Total

Male 38 62 105 205
Female 65 35 120 220
100 100 225 425

Conclusion:
Most of the male and female respondents are undecided about dividing the
province of Palawan into 3.

Recommendation:

_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________

What I Have Learned

Below are incomplete thoughts about recommendations. Complete each item
by writing your ideas on the space provided. Write your answers on a separate sheet of
paper.

1. A recommendation is
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________

2. A recommendation should be achievable because

____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________

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 Assessment

Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answers on a
a separate sheet of paper.

1. The following tells about a research recommendation EXCEPT one.

a. Time-bound c. Measurable
b. Specific d. Broad

2. It is a characteristic of recommendation in research that tells about the degree to

which a certain variable is related or useful to what is being talked about.
a. Logical Reasoning
b. Relevance to the Study
c. Feasibleness and attainability

3. Research recommendation should NOT be _________________.

a. Specific c. Achievable
b. Measurable d. Hypothetical

4. Recommendations are formulated based on _________________________.

a. The related literature of the study
b. The summarized findings and conclusions
c. The personal observations of the researcher
d. The research methodology used by the researcher

5. ___________ should be included as an output of research.

a. Policy recommendations
b. Recommendations for future research directions
c. Recommendations to some problems discovered in the research
study

Identify the purpose of recommendation exemplified in each of the following items.

Choose the letter of your answer from the box below.

a. Policy recommendations
b. Recommendations for future research directions
c. Recommendations to some problems discovered in the
research
6. “Teacher preparation and development programs should include
development of pedagogical knowledge and competencies to handle the K12
program”.

7. “Future study should be conducted on the use of workbooks in other learning areas to
find out its effectiveness”.

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8. “It is recommended that the use of collaborative activities during actual classroom
instructions be continued”.

9. “It is recommended that home visitation be adopted by schools to strengthen the

parent and teacher communication which is beneficial for the learners’ progress”.

10. “Students enrolled in the TVL track during this pandemic should be given opportunity
to do the actual activity even at home”.

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 14
Senior High School 2: Quantitative. Quezon City: Lorimar Publishing, Inc.
Prieto, Nilda G., Victoria C. Naval and Teresita G. Carey. 2017. Practical Research for
Fundamentals, Cubao Quezon City Manila: Adriana Publishing Co., Inc.
Almeida, Adelaida B., Gaerlan, Amelita A., and Manly, Norita E. 2016. Research
References
Assessment What I Can Do What I Know
1. D Answers may vary. And have the 1. B
2. B same thought with the ideas 2. C
3. D presented below 3. A
4. B Activity 1 4. B
5. A 1. Inform your mother and 5. A
6. A tell the truth. 6. True
7. B 2. Tell your brother to ask 7. True
8. C help if he needs it. 8. True
9. A Activity 2 9. True
1. Information drive should be 10. True
10.A
launched to inform about the
advantages and
disadvantages of 3-1
Palawan.
2. Teachers should continue
the use of English as medium
of instruction.
Answer Key
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – SDO Palawan

Curriculum Implementation Division Office

2nd Floor DepED Palawan Building
Telephone no. (048) 433-3292

Learning Resources Management Section

LRMS Building, PEO Compound
Telephone No. (048) 434-0099

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