IRREGULAR VERBS
Positive
I
You
We
drank
They milk.
(V 2 )
He
She
It
I did my homework.
We went to the cinema yesterday.
She had breakfast in bed this morning.
Base form Past Simple Base form Past Simple
be (am/is - are) was - were lose lost
begin began make made
break broke meet met
bring brought pay paid
build built put put
buy bought read /riːd/ read /red/
can could ride rode
catch caught ring rang
come came run ran
cost cost say said
cut cut see saw
do did sell sold
draw drew send sent
drink drank sing sang
drive drove sit sat
eat ate sleep slept
fall fell speak spoke
feel felt spend spent
find found stand stood
fly flew swim swam
forget forgot take took
get got teach taught
give gave tell told
go went think thought
grow grew understand understood
have had wear wore
hear heard win won
hit hit write wrote
keep kept
leave left
CAN
Ability
I
You
We swim.
They can run fast.
He climb a tree.
She
It
I can speak English.
She can play the violin.
Cats can climb trees.
I
You
We swim.
They can’t run fast.
He climb a tree.
She
It
I can’t run ten kilometres.
My wife can’t cook.
Blind people can’t drive.
I
you
we swim?
Can they run fast?
he climb a tree?
she
it
Can you swim?
Can you play a musical instrument?
Can you speak any foreign languages?
- Yes, I can.
- No, I can’t.
PAST SIMPLE
Completed/Finished actions in the past
yesterday.
Subject Verb 2 complement last week.
five years ago.
I watched TV last night .
He listened to music for an hour yesterday.
She bought a birthday present for you two days ago.
They went to the cinema last weekend.
yesterday.
Subject didn’t Verb 1 complement last week.
five years ago.
I didn’t watch TV last night .
He didn’t listen to music for an hour yesterday.
She didn’t buy a birthday present for you two days ago.
They didn’t go to the cinema last weekend.
yesterday?
Did subject Verb 1 complement last week?
five years ago?
Did you watch TV last night?
Yes, I did.
No, I didn’t.
Did Jenny buy a birthday present for me?
Yes, she did.
No, she didn’t.
Where did they go?
They went to the cinema.
PAST SIMPLE
was / were Other Verbs
Regular Irregular
listen – listened go - went
He was at school. He listened to the radio. He went to school.
He wasn’t at school. He didn’t listen to the radio. He didn’t go to school.
Was he at school? Did he listen to the radio? Did he go to school?
They were in the garden. They played football. They swam in the pool.
They weren’t in the garden. They didn’t play football. They didn’t swim in the pool.
Were they in the garden? Did they play football? Did they swim in the pool?
How long …?
We played chess for two hours.
How long did you play chess?
How long ago …?
We played chess two hours ago.
How long ago did you play chess?
We played chess two hours ago.
When did you play chess?
When did you last …? = When was the last time you …?
When did you last listen to the news on the radio?
When was the last time you listened to the news on the radio?
When did you last go to the cinema?
When was the last time you went to the cinema?
SPELLING RULES
•Verbs ending in –e.
live – lived Attention! (Irregular Verbs)
phone – phoned come – came
invite – invited have – had
dance – danced see – saw
die – died take – took
lie (= deceive) – lied lie (X sit/stand) – lay
•Verbs ending in consonant + -y = y –ied.
study – studied
cry – cried
copy – copied
marry – married
Attention! (Irregular Verbs) Attention! (vowel + -y = –ed) Attention! (Irregular Verbs)
fly – flew play – played buy – bought
obey – obeyed lay (= put down) – laid
enjoy – enjoyed pay – paid
say – said
slay – slew
•Verbs ending in a consonant + a vowel + a consonant. (Stress on the last syllable.)
stop – stopped
plan – planned
prefer – preferred
Attention! (Irregular Verbs)
begin - began
cut - cut
Attention! (Verbs ending in –w / –x / –y)
allow – allowed
fix – fixed
stay – stayed
Attention! (If the stress is NOT on the last syllable.)
visit – visited
open – opened
listen – listened
happen – happened Exception! (Stress on the first syllable.)
discover – discovered travel – travelled
remember – remembered cancel – cancelled
TAG QUESTIONS
Positive Sentence Negative Question Tag
It’s cold, isn’t it?
Julie is French, isn’t she?
Boris is a student, isn’t he?
You’re on holiday, aren’t you?
I’m right, aren’t I?
You like tea, don’t you?
You’re joking, aren’t you?
You passed your exams, didn’t you?
We’ve met before, haven’t we?
Your brother can play the piano, can’t he?
Kate will be here soon, won’t she?
Pupils have to wear a uniform at school, don’t they?
This is your shirt, isn’t it?
That was a boring film, wasn’t it?
These are your shoes, aren’t they?
There’s a hospital nearby, isn’t there?
Somebody is at the door, aren’t they?
Everybody knows the answer, don’t they?
Something is wrong with Jessica today, isn’t it?
Everything is ready for the party, isn’t it?
Negative Sentence Positive Question Tag
I’m not a pilot, am I?
Robert isn’t at work today, is he?
You don’t like coffee, do you?
George didn’t buy a car, did he?
Kate won’t be late, will she?
We haven’t met before, have we?
You can’t speak Chinese, can you?
This isn’t very safe, is it?
That wasn’t my fault, was it?
Those aren’t your books, are they?
There aren’t any problems, are there?
Be quiet, will/won’t you?
Don’t be late, will you?
Let’s go for a walk, shall we?
She never drinks beer, does she?
Jenny hardly ever goes out, does she?
He said nothing about the test results, did he?
Nobody is at home, are they?
No one knows where she is, do they?
CAN
Ability
I
You
We swim.
They can run fast.
He climb a tree.
She
It
I can speak English.
She can play the violin.
Cats can climb trees.
I
You
We swim.
They can’t run fast.
He climb a tree.
She
It
I can’t run ten kilometres.
My wife can’t cook.
Blind people can’t drive.
I
you
we swim?
Can they run fast?
he climb a tree?
she
it
Can you swim?
Can you play a musical instrument?
Can you speak any foreign languages?
- Yes, I can.
- No, I can’t.
GOING TO
Predictions based on evidence
I am
He
tomorrow.
She is
next week.
It going to verb 1 complement
soon / shortly.
We
before long.
You are
They
Look at those black clouds. It’s going to rain soon.
Jenny is five months pregnant. She’s going to have a baby in September.
The birds are migrating south early this year. It is going to be a cold winter.
Future plans, intentions
I’m going to spend my holiday in Hawaii this summer.
Jenny is going to get married next month.
We’re going to have a picnic on Sunday.
I made my decision yesterday. I’m not going to accept their offer.
Paul isn’t going to drive to work tomorrow morning.
The Flintstones aren’t going to eat at home tonight.
Are you going to watch the football match tomorrow evening?
Yes, I am. / No, I’m not.
What are you going to do at the weekend?
We’re going to clean the house.
Attention!
He is going to the library. (Present Continuous)
He is going to study in the library. (Future)
GOING TO or Present Continuous
I’ve got toothache. I’m going to see the dentist tomorrow. (plan / intention)
I’m seeing the dentist at 4:30 tomorrow. (appointment)
Jack doesn’t want to travel by bus. He is going to fly to Chicago next week. (plan / intention)
Jack bought his plane ticket yesterday. He is flying to Chicago next week. (arrangement)
Come & Go
We’re going to a wedding on Saturday.
Are you coming to the party with us next week?
HAVE GOT
Possession
I
You
have got
We
They brown eyes.
He
She has got
It
I’ve got a bicycle.
Peter has got a new car.
Mary and John have got a big problem.
I
You
haven’t got
We
They brown eyes.
He
She hasn’t got
It
You haven’t got a daughter.
Harry and Bert haven’t got a brain.
Our house hasn’t got a garden.
I
you
Have got
we
they brown eyes?
he
Has she got
it
Have you got a dog?
- Yes, I have. / Yes, we have.
- No, I haven’t / No, we haven’t.
Has your dog got a kennel in the garden?
- Yes, it has. / No, it hasn’t.
PAST SIMPLE
Completed/Finished actions in the past
yesterday.
Subject Verb 2 complement last week.
five years ago.
I watched TV last night .
He listened to music for an hour yesterday.
She bought a birthday present for you two days ago.
They went to the cinema last weekend.
yesterday.
Subject didn’t Verb 1 complement last week.
five years ago.
I didn’t watch TV last night .
He didn’t listen to music for an hour yesterday.
She didn’t buy a birthday present for you two days ago.
They didn’t go to the cinema last weekend.
yesterday?
Did subject Verb 1 complement last week?
five years ago?
Did you watch TV last night?
Yes, I did.
No, I didn’t.
Did Jenny buy a birthday present for me?
Yes, she did.
No, she didn’t.
Where did they go?
They went to the cinema.
PAST SIMPLE
was / were Other Verbs
Regular Irregular
listen – listened go - went
He was at school. He listened to the radio. He went to school.
He wasn’t at school. He didn’t listen to the radio. He didn’t go to school.
Was he at school? Did he listen to the radio? Did he go to school?
They were in the garden. They played football. They swam in the pool.
They weren’t in the garden. They didn’t play football. They didn’t swim in the pool.
Were they in the garden? Did they play football? Did they swim in the pool?
How long …?
We played chess for two hours.
How long did you play chess?
How long ago …?
We played chess two hours ago.
How long ago did you play chess?
We played chess two hours ago.
When did you play chess?
When did you last …? = When was the last time you …?
When did you last listen to the news on the radio?
When was the last time you listened to the news on the radio?
When did you last go to the cinema?
When was the last time you went to the cinema?
SPELLING RULES
•Verbs ending in –e.
live – lived Attention! (Irregular Verbs)
phone – phoned come – came
invite – invited have – had
dance – danced see – saw
die – died take – took
lie (= deceive) – lied lie (X sit/stand) – lay
•Verbs ending in consonant + -y = y –ied.
study – studied
cry – cried
copy – copied
marry – married
Attention! (Irregular Verbs) Attention! (vowel + -y = –ed) Attention! (Irregular Verbs)
fly – flew play – played buy – bought
obey – obeyed lay (= put down) – laid
enjoy – enjoyed pay – paid
say – said
slay – slew
•Verbs ending in a consonant + a vowel + a consonant. (Stress on the last syllable.)
stop – stopped
plan – planned
prefer – preferred
Attention! (Irregular Verbs)
begin - began
cut - cut
Attention! (Verbs ending in –w / –x / –y)
allow – allowed
fix – fixed
stay – stayed
Attention! (If the stress is NOT on the last syllable.)
visit – visited
open – opened
listen – listened
happen – happened Exception! (Stress on the first syllable.)
discover – discovered travel – travelled
remember – remembered cancel – cancelled
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Actions at the time of speaking
I am
He
She is
It sleeping.
We
You are
They
I’m doing my homework.
My brother is eating a sandwich.
Jill and Brian are playing chess.
I am not
He
She isn’t
It sleeping.
We
You aren’t
They
You can turn the television off. I’m not watching it.
It isn’t raining. We can go out.
You aren’t listening to me.
Am I
he
Is she
it sleeping?
we
Are you
they
Is she crying?
Are you going out?
A) Positive – Negative – Question
1- I play chess every day.
..............................................................
2- Sally is usually late for the lesson.
..............................................................?
3- They understand me.
..............................................................
4- She doesn’t know Spanish.
..............................................................
5- I like walking in the forest.
..............................................................?
6- Our teacher wants us to study hard.
..............................................................?
7- I don’t take the dog for a walk every morning.
..............................................................
8- I know her telephone number.
..............................................................?
9- He goes fishing in the afternoon.
..............................................................
10- She goes shopping on Mondays.
..............................................................?
11- I don’t like Turkish pop music.
..............................................................?
12- He doesn’t get up at half past four.
..............................................................
13- They aren’t usually very tired after work.
..............................................................
14- She works in a cafe.
..............................................................
15- Do they listen to their teacher?
..................n’t.......................................
16- Does he ask difficult questions in the exam?
..................n’t.......................................
17- Do you always get up at half past seven?
..............................................................
18- Does he climb the mountain in the morning?
..............................................................
19- Does your teacher give you much homework?
..............................................................
20- He doesn’t cook dinner at five o’clock in the afternoon.
..............................................................
21- Does your mother make cookies every week?
..............................................................
22- Do you know how to swim?
..................n’t.......................................
23- He sits on the beach under a palm tree every night.
..............................................................
24- My student has a lot of free time.
..............................................................
25- She doesn’t sometimes do her homework.
..............................................................
26- My father doesn’t always drive to work.
..............................................................
27- Does he get up at half past four?
..............................................................
28- Does she usually wear a skirt?
..................n’t.......................................
29- I’m interested in Judo.
..............................................................?
30- I don’t understand you.
..............................................................?
31- Mary doesn’t have a bath every day.
..............................................................
32- Is he usually late for work?
..................n’t.......................................
33- Do you go for a walk every Sunday?
..............................................................
34- My brother believes in life after death.
..............................................................?
35- Do your father and you always have a cup of coffee after work?
..............................................................
36- He never comes to school without wearing his tie.
..............................................................
37- They are always too tired to go out at night.
..............................................................?
38- She has a lot of books in her bookcase.
..............................................................
39- She does her homework every day.
..............................................................?
40- Does your father have a shave every morning?
..............................................................
41- I want you to help me with my assignment.
..............................................................?
A) Make sentences. (Volume 1)
1- get / I / late. / never / up
2- eat / often / out. / They
3- him. / lies / never / She / to
4- don’t / her / I / know / name.
5- carrots. / eat / Rabbits
6- always / ill. / is / My / sister
7- a / ever / hardly / lie. / She / tells
8- a / breakfast / day. / have / I / once
9- football. / play / sometimes / We
10- angry. / is / mother / My / never
11- always / novels. / reads / She
12- a / dinner / has / in / often / restaurant. / She
13- play / seldom / table / tennis. / They
14- every / listen / teacher / their / They / time. / to
15- always / listens / music. / pop / She / to
16- dinner. / for / go / never / out / They
17- a / all / for / job / looks / new / She / the / time.
18- and / Arthur / cook. / never / Sheila
19- friends. / her / My / sister / usually / visits
20- go / I / never / the / theatre. / to
21- asks / easy / My / questions. / sometimes / teacher
22- dinner. / eats / for / Mary / meat / usually
23- Adams / every / go / The / the / theatre / to / week.
24- an / English / Friday. / has / lesson / on / She
25- call / day? / Does / every / her / husband / she
26- her / husband / Nalan / up. / usually / wakes
27- a / day. / Evren / his / in / on / puts / raincoat / rainy
28- Akçay. / holiday / I / in / my / spend / usually
29- every / goes / Meltem / shopping / week.
30- always / at / eight / get / I / o’clock. / up
31- answer / Does / phone? / secretary / the / your
32- always / He / his / patients. / treats
33- 8.30. / arrive / at / at / I / school / usually
34- a / an / hour / It / learn / me / new / subject. / takes / to
35- a / a / have / holiday / several / times / We / year.
36- Girls. / I / meet / really / Spice / to / want
37- A / dentist / out / people’s / pulls / teeth.
38- him / let / never / They / TV. / watch
39- always / awful / cooks / meals. / My / wife
40- a / day. / maths / Nancy / once / studies
41- bananas. / eating / He / likes / never
42- hate / I / listening / music. / to
A) Positive – Negative – Question
1- I play chess every day.
..............................................................
2- Sally is usually late for the lesson.
..............................................................?
3- They understand me.
..............................................................
4- She doesn’t know Spanish.
..............................................................
5- I like walking in the forest.
..............................................................?
6- Our teacher wants us to study hard.
..............................................................?
7- I don’t take the dog for a walk every morning.
..............................................................
8- I know her telephone number.
..............................................................?
9- He goes fishing in the afternoon.
..............................................................
10- She goes shopping on Mondays.
..............................................................?
11- I don’t like Turkish pop music.
..............................................................?
12- He doesn’t get up at half past four.
..............................................................
13- They aren’t usually very tired after work.
..............................................................
14- She works in a cafe.
..............................................................
15- Do they listen to their teacher?
..................n’t.......................................
16- Does he ask difficult questions in the exam?
..................n’t.......................................
17- Do you always get up at half past seven?
..............................................................
18- Does he climb the mountain in the morning?
..............................................................
19- Does your teacher give you much homework?
..............................................................
20- He doesn’t cook dinner at five o’clock in the afternoon.
..............................................................
21- Does your mother make cookies every week?
..............................................................
22- Do you know how to swim?
..................n’t.......................................
23- He sits on the beach under a palm tree every night.
..............................................................
24- My student has a lot of free time.
..............................................................
25- She doesn’t sometimes do her homework.
..............................................................
26- My father doesn’t always drive to work.
..............................................................
27- Does he get up at half past four?
..............................................................
28- Does she usually wear a skirt?
..................n’t.......................................
29- I’m interested in Judo.
..............................................................?
30- I don’t understand you.
..............................................................?
31- Mary doesn’t have a bath every day.
..............................................................
32- Is he usually late for work?
..................n’t.......................................
33- Do you go for a walk every Sunday?
..............................................................
34- My brother believes in life after death.
..............................................................?
35- Do your father and you always have a cup of coffee after work?
..............................................................
36- He never comes to school without wearing his tie.
..............................................................
37- They are always too tired to go out at night.
..............................................................?
38- She has a lot of books in her bookcase.
..............................................................
39- She does her homework every day.
..............................................................?
40- Does your father have a shave every morning?
..............................................................
41- I want you to help me with my assignment.
..............................................................?
A) Positive – Negative – Question
1- I like cats. 11- I like riding a bike.
a) a)
b) b)
2- He speaks French. 12- She often visits us.
a) a)
b) b)
3- I know him. 13- I always work late.
a) a)
b) b)
4- She works in an office. 14- He likes maths very much.
a) a)
b) b)
5- I speak Spanish. 15- I usually get up at half past seven.
a) a)
b) b)
6- He usually asks easy questions. 16- She likes eating at home.
a) a)
b) b)
7- I like studying English. 17- I want to give up smoking.
a) a)
b) b)
8- She goes shopping every week. 18- He likes swimming in the lake.
a) a)
b) b)
9- I want to play table tennis. 19- I read a newspaper every day.
a) a)
b) b)
10- He drives to work every day. 20- She likes playing billiards.
a) a)
b) b)
21- I want to watch TV. 32- I want to be an English teacher.
a) a)
b) b)
22- My father has a driving licence. 33- They usually go to school by bus.
a) a)
b) b)
23- My sister wants to be a teacher. 34- He has lunch in the dining room.
a) a)
b) b)
24- They study French at school. 35- I have a dictionary in my bag.
a) a)
b) b)
25- My students understand me easily. 36- Timmy eats a hot dog for lunch.
a) a)
b) b)
26- We usually play volleyball. 37- Mr. Keating teaches us English.
a) a)
b) b)
27- Katy has an expensive car. 38- Mr. Brown likes running.
a) a)
b) b)
28- Tom often visits his grandmother. 39- I come to school by bus.
a) a)
b) b)
29- People speak French in Canada. 40- He plays football every day.
a) a)
b) b)
30- I always do my homework. 41- My sister eats cereals for breakfast.
a) a)
b) b)
31- He studies at university. 42- The Browns eat dinner at home.
a) a)
b) b)