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Chapter 4

Chapter 4 discusses the classification of organisms, highlighting the contributions of Aristotle and Carolus Linnaeus. Linnaeus developed a hierarchical system with seven levels of classification, from kingdom to species, and introduced binomial nomenclature for naming organisms. This system remains in use today, allowing for consistent identification across languages.

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19 views3 pages

Chapter 4

Chapter 4 discusses the classification of organisms, highlighting the contributions of Aristotle and Carolus Linnaeus. Linnaeus developed a hierarchical system with seven levels of classification, from kingdom to species, and introduced binomial nomenclature for naming organisms. This system remains in use today, allowing for consistent identification across languages.

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auptmbq636
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Chapter 4

Section 1

Classification
Taxonomy : is the branch of biology that names and
groups organisms according to their characteristics and
*the first scientist who classified organisms was Aristotle.
*he classified organisms as either plants or animals.
_plant ,based on size and stem.
_animals ,based on where they lived.
*ARISTOTLE SYSTEM at first was adequate ,then in a
period of rapid scientific exploration many new
organisms were discovered then this classification system
became not adiquate .
*after that the Swedish naturalist CAROLUS LINNAEUS
devised a system of grouping organisms in to hierarchical
categories .
*for the most part , Linnaeus used an organisms
morphology, that is ,its form and structure.

LEVELS OF CLASSIFICATION
*Linnaeus devised a nested hierarchy of seven different
levels organization .
Seven levels start from kingdom of both animals and
plant, then each subset in the kingdom is known as
phylum in animal kingdom and division in plant kingdom ,
and each subset of phylum called class and each subset
of class called an order then family and genus,
*The smallest grouping of all which contains only a single
organisms type is Species .

_King Phillipe come over from great Spain.


BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE
*the scientific name of organisms has two part .
*the first part of the name is the genus .
*the second part is the species identifier (descriptive
word ).
EX\ Human genus homo and species identifier sapiens ,
The binomial will be :- Homo sapiens which means wise .
*the genus name should be catalized and both name are
under lined or written in italics .
_Linnaeus nested hierarchy and binomial nomenclature is
still used today ,because species name are latinized they
are the same in every language this enable the scientists
around the word to identify organisms by the same name

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