Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP)

Scope of ESMP
The primary objective of the environmental management and monitoring is to record
environmental impacts resulting from the project activities and to ensure implementation of the
“mitigation measures” identified earlier in order to reduce adverse impacts and enhance
positive impacts from specific project activities. Besides, it would also address any unexpected
or unforeseen environmental impacts that may arise during construction and operation phases
of the project. ESMP of this project clearly layout:
• the measures to be taken during both construction and operation phases of the project
to eliminate or offset adverse environmental impacts, or reduce them to acceptable
levels;
• the actions needed to implement these measures; and
• monitoring plan to assess the effectiveness of the mitigation measures employed.
Environmental management and monitoring activities for the MCC project could be divided
into management and monitoring during construction phase, and during operation phase.

Work Plans and Schedules

The environmental management program should be carried out as an integrated part of the
project planning and execution. It must not be seen merely as an activity limited to monitoring
and regulating activities against a pre-determined checklist of required actions. Rather it must
interact dynamically as project implementation proceeds, dealing flexibly with environmental
impacts, both expected and unexpected.
For this purpose, it is recommended that the project director (PD) of the MCC project should
take the overall responsibility of environmental management and monitoring. The project
director will form a team with required work force and expertise to ensure proper
environmental monitoring, as specified in the following sub-section, and to take appropriate
measures to mitigate any adverse impact and to enhance beneficial impacts, resulting from the
project activities. For this purpose, PD will engage an environmental and social specialist in
the Environmental and Social Management Unit (ESMU) who will assist these activities. The
PD through its team will make sure that the Contractor undertake and implement appropriate
measures as stipulated in the contract document, or as directed by the head of the project to
ensure proper environmental management of the project activities. Figure 1 shows the ESMP
organogram for the construction period of the MCC project. It should be emphasized that local
communities should be involved in the management of activities those have potential impacts
on them (e.g., traffic congestion in the surrounding areas). The project team should be properly
consulted before taking any management decision that may affect them. Environmental
management is likely to be most successful if such decisions are taken in consultation with the
local community. The environmental management during the construction phase should
primarily be focused on addressing the possible negative impacts arising from:
(a) Cutting/ clearing of trees/ vegetation in the project site for preparation of land for
construction
 (b) Air pollution
(c) Traffic/communication problems
(d) Noise pollution
(e) Drainage congestion
(f) Water and soil pollution
(g) Employment of labor force giving priority to local people
The ESMU should also focus on enhancing the possible beneficial impacts arising from
employment of local workforce for construction works. In addition, the ESMU should set up a
procedure to address complaints and grievances (e.g., receiving formal complaints/ grievances,
arrange hearing involving all stakeholders and keeping records of such hearings, device and
implement mitigation measures). However, the complaints and grievances redress procedure
will not preempt age aggrieved person’s/ group’s right to seek redress in the courts of law. The
monitoring plan and monitoring schedule has been presented in the subsequent sections.
Operation Phase
Most of the environmental parameters will experience beneficial effects during the operation
phase of the MCC project. Efforts should be made to enhance these beneficial impacts, which
may include incentives for proper growth of tourist facilities in the area. ESMU of the project
team will conduct the overall environmental and social management during operation phase of
the project. Organogram of the ESMP of the MCC project is shown in Figure 1. The issues
which should be considered with utmost priority during operation phase of environmental
management are: (a) Air pollution (b) Management of solid and hazardous waste (c) Noise
pollution (d) Traffic congestion (e) Health care facility (f) Employment opportunity (g) Safety
issues related to fire (h) Impact to Water resources.
In addition, the procedure to address complaints and grievances (noted above) should also be
in place during operational phase. Error! Reference source not found. summarizes the
potentially significant environmental impacts during operation phase, the measures needed to
eliminate or offset adverse impacts and enhance positive impacts. The monitoring plan and
monitoring schedule has been presented in subsequent sections. Most of the mitigation and
enhancement measures identified for operation phase.
Implementation Schedule
An implementation schedule for environmental management and monitoring during the
construction phase will be prepared by the Contractor as part of construction contract following
recommended mitigation measures of potentially significant impacts. During the operation
phase, the ESMU will prepare the monitoring reports. Table 1 shows a tentative plan for
environmental reporting. These reports should be shared with EMU of the DoF from time to
time. The line of communication and reporting is described in Figure 1.
 Local
Department of Environment Local Peoples
Government
(DoE)

Eco-Park
Management Unit
(EMU)
Supervision Environmental
Consultant and Social
(Collecting
Contractor Management Unit
Management and
Monitoring Report) (ESMU)

Opinion and Grievance Opinion and Instruction Line

Instruction of Necessary M easures Reporting and Explanatory Line

Construction Phase Communication and Reporting

Operation Phase Communication and Reporting

Figure 1: Line of communication and reporting in Construction and Operation
Phases of MCC Project

Environmental Monitoring Plan

The primary objective of the environmental monitoring is to record environmental impacts
resulting from the project activities and to ensure implementation of the “mitigation measures”
identified earlier in order to reduce adverse impacts and reduce negative impacts from specific
project activities. In addition, monitoring plan should also include regular reviews of the
impacts that cannot be adequately assessed before the start of the works, or which arise
unexpectedly, along with appropriate measures to mitigate any negative impacts and/or
enhancing beneficial impacts.
Table 1: Environmental Monitoring Reporting Schedule
Stage/Topic Frequency/Stage Contributors
Initial review Before start of work EMU, Consultant
Routine Progress Report Quarterly Environmentalist and
Social Sector Expert
Specific Problems and Solutions As required Environmentalist and
Social Sector Expert
Mid-term Review: Approximate mid- Consultant
review of activities way through the
possible modification to procedure project
and/or overall plan
Final Review Toward the end of EMU, Consultant,
the project Contractor
Quarterly Environmental Every Year EMU
Management Report for DoE

Environmental Monitoring During Construction Phase

Monitoring plan should also include regular reviews of the impacts that cannot be adequately
assessed before the start of the works, or which arise unexpectedly, along with appropriate
measures to mitigate any negative impacts and/or enhancing beneficial impacts. This section
outlines the main environmental parameters to be monitored, timing of the monitoring work
and the recommended frequency of monitoring during the construction phase of the project.
Specific monitoring requirements for the environmental issues during construction phase are
presented in Table 2.
Table 2: Monitoring issues/ requirements during Construction phase of the project
Environmental Monitoring requirements/issues
Issue
Air pollution Construction materials should be properly covered while hauled and
stored, roads properly cleaned and water sprayed in order to
minimize concentration of dust in air.
Use of equipment like stone crushers (for concreting work), which
produce excessive noise as well as generate particulate matter, must
not be used close to human settlement.
During trench construction activities, the topsoil removed should be
placed in a location that ensures little or no fugitive dust formation
from stockpile.
Concentration of particulate matter within and around the project
site should be measured, at least once every three months, and air
quality management plan should be revised, if needed.
Noise pollution Equipment producing excessive noise should not be operated after
dark.
 Environmental Monitoring requirements/issues
Issue
Use of equipment like stone crushers (for concreting work), which
produce excessive noise as well as particulate matter, must not be
used at the site.
Vehicle movement to and from the site should be properly managed
in order to ensure that this causes minimum disturbance to the people
living in the surrounding areas.
Noise levels along the perimeters of the project area should be
monitored during the construction period and any defective
equipment or vehicle removed from activities immediately.
Traffic congestion Hauling of materials and equipment to and from project sites should
preferably be done after the regular working hours, so that it causes
minimum disturbances to the regular traffic in and around the project
site.
Contractor should take responsibility of proper traffic flow and
management within the immediate vicinity of the project site.
Drainage congestion Appropriate measures should be taken to avoid temporary drainage
congestion during construction activities
Impacts to Water During excavation activities, the topsoil removed should be placed
Resources in a location that ensures no turbidity impacts to nearby water
resources.
Should the contractor vacate the area leaving stockpiled material a
suitable penalty (fine and removal cost) should be levied to remedy
the situation.
Wastewater from workers’ camp should be well managed.

Table 3 shows monitoring plan during construction phase of the project. The monitoring
plan includes the parameters to be monitored, the time location and frequency of
monitoring and the assignment of responsibilities. As can be seen from
Table 3, monitoring is primarily the responsibility of the Contractor. The Contractor will
perform the monitoring activities as prescribed in

Table 3 and will directly report the results to the head of the project. The project head will
examine the performance of the contractor in carrying out these activities.

Table 3: Monitoring parameters and frequency during construction phase

Monitoring
Parameters to Resources
Monitoring Period/Location Frequency and
be monitored Required
responsibilities
Noise Level Baseline Equivalent Spot checking Noise level
Noise level in a monthly meter, GPS;
One set of
(Leq) with basis;
measurements at
GPS location, Contractor’s
property boundaries of
wind speed Responsibility
selected critical
locations (the nearby and direction
residential plot, other
residential areas,
highways etc.) prior to
commencing activities.
One set of
measurements at the
 Monitoring
Parameters to Resources
Monitoring Period/Location Frequency and
be monitored Required
responsibilities
same locations during
construction activities

Air Quality Baseline PM10, PM2.5 Once in three PM sampling

with GPS months or as device, GPS
(dust Only at selected critical
location, wind deemed by the
particles/ locations downwind of Wind
speed and Project
particulate site activities (prior to speed/direction
direction Coordinator;
matter) commencement of data to be
Contractor’s
work) and in close collected from
Responsibility
proximity to human local BMD
receptors (specially the station
nearby residential plot).
Only at selected critical
locations downwind of
site activities (during
construction activities)
and in close proximity
to human receptors
Surface Baseline: Turbidity, Monthly and as Laboratory
Water Total directed by the facilities for
One measurement from
Quality Suspended Project team water/
a location of the project
Solids, leader; wastewater
site of waterfall site and
Dissolved Contractor’s analysis
it’s downstream.
Oxygen, oil Responsibility
One measurement from and grease,
the same location BOD, COD
during construction
activities.
Ground Chemical Analysis of Routine Once in six Laboratory
water Tube-well water used drinking water months; facilities for
quality as drinking water parameters Contractor’s water/
source for the workers Responsibility wastewater
analysis
Soil Quality Sample randomly Selected heavy Once in six Laboratory
selected at one or two metals (Pb, Cr, months; facilities for
locations within the Cd) Contractor’s soil sample
project site Responsibility analysis
 Monitoring
Parameters to Resources
Monitoring Period/Location Frequency and
be monitored Required
responsibilities
General site Baseline: General site Weekly and as Digital camera
condition condition, directed by the
Visual survey (once) of
traffic Project team
proposed site before
condition, leader;
commencement of
pedestrian Contractor’s
work.
movement, Responsibility
Visual survey of the vegetation
project site during the clearance etc.
entire period of by visual
construction survey
(photographs)
House- Visual survey of the Construction Weekly and as Digital camera
keeping project site during the debris directed by the
activities, entire period of management, Project team
Safety construction road traffic/ leader;
measures river traffic Contractor’s
during management, Responsibility
construction management
of flammable
materials (if
any), use of
Personal
Protective
Equipment by
workers etc.
The measured noise levels should conform to the national noise level standards and guidelines
for different areas (residential, silent zone etc.) as applicable. Noise level during construction
activities should be within the limits of exposure prescribed in the OSHA guidelines. The
measured air quality should be within the limits of the national ambient air quality standards
and guidelines for particulate matters in the air. The surface water quality parameters measured
should be within the limits of Bangladesh Standards for inland water quality. The drinking
water quality parameters should be within Bangladesh drinking water quality standards.
Environmental Monitoring During Operation Phase
Environmental monitoring during operation phase must address the concerns of air and noise
pollution as well as solid/liquid waste generated from the MCC facility. This would be mainly
the responsibility of EMU. Specific monitoring requirements for the environmental issues
during operation phase listed in Table 4 and details are presented in Table 5.
Table 4: Monitoring issues/requirements during Operation phase of the project
 Environmental Monitoring requirements/issues
Issue
Air pollution Ambient air quality should be monitored at near the generator locations of
the MCC site
Noise pollution Indoor noise environment should also be assessed as a part of the
occupational health and safety plan
Traffic congestion Hauling of materials and equipment to and from project sites should
preferably be done after the regular working hours, so that it causes minimum
disturbances to the regular traffic in and around the project site.
Contractor should take responsibility of proper traffic flow and management
within the immediate vicinity of the project site.
Impacts to Water Waterfall water quality i.e. Dissolved Oxygen, oil and grease etc. should be
Resources monitored.
Management of Amount of solid waste generated from the facility should be documented
Solid Waste The hazardous nature of the waste should be assessed before final disposal at
a landfill

Table 5: Monitoring parameters and frequency during Operation Phase

Monitoring
Parameters to be Resources
Monitoring Period/Location Frequency and
monitored Required
responsibilities
Noise Level Baseline Equivalent Noise Spot checking Noise level
of level (Leq) with GPS in a monthly meter, GPS;
One set
basis; EMU’s
measurements at location, wind speed
the lower locations and direction Responsibility
and the nearby
residential plot,
other residential
areas, highways
etc.) prior to
commencing
activities.
Ambient Air Baseline SPM, PM10, PM2.5, Once in three PM sampling
Quality SOx, NOx, CO, months or as device, GPS
Near the standby
VOC with GPS deemed by the
(particulate generator room. Wind
location, wind speed ESMU;
matter) speed/direction
and direction.
EMU’s data to be
Responsibility collected from
local BMD
station.
Surface Baseline: Turbidity, Total Quarterly and as Laboratory
Water One measurement Suspended Solids, directed by the facilities for
Quality Dissolved Oxygen, ESMU; EMU’s water/
from a location of
Responsibility
 Monitoring
Parameters to be Resources
Monitoring Period/Location Frequency and
monitored Required
responsibilities
the project site of oil and grease, BOD, wastewater
waterfall area COD analysis

Soil Quality Sample randomly Selected heavy Once in a year; Laboratory

selected at one metals (Pb, Cr, Cd) as directed by facilities for
location within the the ESMU; soil sample
MCC site. EMU’s analysis
Responsibility
Management Visual survey of the Solid Waste Weekly and as Digital camera
of Solid MCC project site Management of the directed by the
Waste during operation. EMU ESMU; EMU’s
Responsibility
in collaboration
with Union
Parishad
Safety Visual survey of the Road traffic Weekly and as Digital camera
measures MCC Complex management, directed by the
during during operation. management of ESMU; EMU’s
Operation flammable materials Responsibility
(if any), use of
Personal Protective
Equipment by EMU
officials etc.

In addition to the above monitoring items, specific care shall be taken to monitor any potential
landslide event in the project side. Special care shall be taken to avoid cutting hills in a steep
slope. If possible, slope of the hills shall be avoided for any activities.
Cost of Environmental Monitoring
Many of the activities to be carried out as a part of EMP would not involve any additional
direct cost e.g., employing local work force, where appropriate; keeping subproject vehicles in
good operating condition; scheduling deliveries of materials/ goods in off-peak hours; good
housekeeping, avoiding spills; etc. Medical examination can be performed by in-house medical
doctors. On the other hand, a number of activities would require additional cost. Environmental
monitoring during construction phase would involve direct cost. At the same time, a number
mitigation measures (including health and safety measures) would require additional cost; these
include medical examination, water sprinkling on surfaces, protective gear etc. Table 6provides
method of estimation of costs of different items of EMP. It is advised that the MCC authority
will develop in-house capacity of monitoring some of these environmental parameters such as
laboratory facilities for analyzing water/wastewater samples etc.
Table 6: Method/basis of estimation of cost of Monitoring
 Monitoring Item Basis of Cost/Estimated Cost
Noise level Prevailing rate (~Tk. 40,000/- per measurement at
various locations)
Ambient Air Quality Prevailing rate (~ Tk. 40,000/- per measurement)
Routine Drinking water quality Prevailing rate (~Tk. 12,000/- per sample)
parameters
Surface Water quality (Turbidity, Prevailing rate (~Tk. 10,000/- per sample)
Total Suspended Solids, Total
Solids, Dissolved Oxygen, Oil and
grease, BOD, COD)
Soil Quality (Heavy metals Pb, Cr, Prevailing rate (~Tk. 6,000/- per sample)
Cd)
Water sprinkling on aggregate Latest PWD/LGED rate (if available)/A fixed rate per
cubic meter of aggregate per day
Protective gear Contractor to quote rate of different items of works
considering the provision of adequate protective gear
for workers, in accordance to the conditions of
contract, specified in the Tender Document

Table 7 shows the preliminary cost estimates for monitoring activities during construction
assuming the duration of construction to be 18-month. The responsibility of monitoring is by
the contractor and the contractor has to bear the cost. The Contractor will appoint a dedicated
environmental health and safety (EHS) officer in order to oversee the mitigation activities
carried out during construction and prepare/compile quarterly monitoring reports.
Table 8 shows the preliminary cost estimates for monitoring activities during operation phase
of the project. This shows the cost estimate per month which will continue throughout the
lifecycle of the Cable Car Site. Regular environmental monitoring shall be conducted as per
the schedule at least for the first five years of the operation. The frequency of monitoring can
be reduced after that period. The responsibility of this monitoring lies on administration and
this cost should be budgeted in the annual maintenance budget of administration.

Table 7: Preliminary cost estimates for monitoring and mitigation activities during
construction phase
 Cost in
Frequency of Cost in BDT (per
Parameter/Activity BDT (18
activity month)
months)
40,000/- per each set
Particulate Matter Once every
of PM10 and PM2.5 7,20,000/-
(PM10, PM2.5) month
measurement
Once every
Noise Level (ambient and 40,000/- (per set of
month 7,20,000/-
personal exposure) measurement)
(day and night)
1 measurement
Surface water quality before starting
Tk. 10,000/-
(parameters: Turbidity, Total construction,
(per set of 1,90,000/-
Suspended Solids, BOD5, then in each
measurement)
Dissolved Oxygen) subsequent
month
Drinking water quality testing:
pH, color, turbidity, total
hardness, chloride, Total and
Fecal coliform, Total Dissolved Tk. 12,000/-
Monthly 2,16,000/-
Solids, Arsenic, Iron, per set of measurement
Manganese, Electrical
Conductivity (salinity), Free
Chlorine
Soil Quality (Heavy metals Pb, Tk. 6,000/-
Monthly 1,08,000/-
Cr, Cd) per set of measurement
Site Cleaning and preparation
including providing necessary
Periodic Lump sum 5,00,000/-
protective fencing and safety
measures with sign boards.
Vegetation & Tree plantation
around the site including
fencing/ conservation/
maintenance for 2 years. Trees
Periodic Lump sum 2,00,000/-
need to be replanted around the
periphery of the proposed site at
an interval of 10 feet @ Tk.
1500 for each tree.
Providing safety gear package
like hand gloves, eye protection
glasses, helmets, rubber shoes, - Lump sum 4,00,000/-
light reflecting dress etc. for 40
sets @ Tk. 10,000 for each set
Drinking water container for
workers including necessary
- Lump sum 1,00,000/-
ceramic filters for providing
drinkable water
Temporary Sanitary Latrine/
Septic Tank/ Portable Toilet: 2 - Lump sum 1,00,000/-
nos. (1 no of Toilet for female
 Cost in
Frequency of Cost in BDT (per
Parameter/Activity BDT (18
activity month)
months)
and 1 no of Toilet for male)
@Tk. 50,000
Daily or weekly
Waste disposal charge from site
collection of 20,000/- 3,60,000/-
by outsourced cleaners
solid waste
Dust suppression measures like
water sprinkling on aggregates/
unpaved roads, in and around
Daily or weekly
the work site (Lump Sum). For Lump sum 3,60,000/-
activities
road construction works cost of
this item has been mentioned in
road section.
Health and safety warning sign - Lump sum 20,000/-
Appointment of an
Environmental Health and
Safety officer for
Environmental and Social - 50,000/- 9,00,000/-
Management and Monitoring
during construction (salaried
position)
Total 48,94,000/-
Notes: (1) The estimated costs for particular matter (PM) and noise level measurements as well
as laboratory analysis for water samples are based on current rates charged by BRTC,
BUET and the rates may vary. (2) During the construction phase, some monitoring may be
carried out by the PMU through its own staff and equipment, if available, or can be out-
sourced to a competent Contractor. Equipment for monitoring such as digital camera, sound
level meter, GPS etc. may be purchased by Administration.

Table 8: Preliminary cost estimates for monitoring and mitigation activities during
operational phase
Frequency of
Parameter/Activity Cost estimate (per month)
activity
CO, SOX, NOX, PM10, SPM for Tk. 40,000/-
Monthly
generator stack emission
Treated water for drinking: pH, color,
turbidity, total hardness, chloride, Total
and Fecal coliform, Total Dissolved Tk. 20,000/-
Monthly
Solids, Arsenic, Iron, Manganese,
Electrical Conductivity (salinity), Free
Chlorine
Noise level monitoring at surrounding Administration conducts
As and when
areas (nearby residential and college monitoring and records
required
areas). Noise emissions from generator. positions by Cable Car Project-
 owned noise level meter and
GPS
(cost of standard noise level
meter 50,000/- and GPS is
10,000/-)
Solid waste management, recycling of Tk. 10,000/-
Monthly
wastes
Contracted out to Fire
Fire drills Monthly Department or other competent
contractors
Notes: The estimated costs for air emission and water quality analysis are based on current
rates charged by BRTC, BUET for analysis of the parameters and the rates may vary.
The monitoring may be out-sourced to a competent Contractor. Equipment for
monitoring such as digital camera, sound level meter, GPS etc. may be purchased by
administration.