0% found this document useful (0 votes)

6 views13 pages

Merged

The document outlines an experiment to investigate the oscillations of a pendulum and the relationship between the speed of water flowing through a tube and tube length. It includes detailed instructions for setting up the apparatus, taking measurements, and analyzing data through calculations and graphing. Additionally, it provides a marking scheme for evaluating the experiment's execution and results.

Uploaded by

4smatrix116

We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.

Available Formats

Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

0% found this document useful (0 votes)

6 views13 pages

Merged

Uploaded by

4smatrix116

We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.

Available Formats

Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

2

You may not need to use all of the materials provided.

1 In this experiment, you will investigate the oscillations of a pendulum.

(a) ● Set up the apparatus as shown in Fig. 1.1.

clamp wooden blocks

boss

stand

L
string

sphere of
adhesive putty
bench

Fig. 1.1

● The length L of the pendulum is the distance between the bottom of the wooden blocks
and the centre of the adhesive putty.

Adjust the length of the string so that L is approximately 53 cm.

● Measure and record L.

L = ................................................... cm [1]

© UCLES 2023 9702/33/O/N/23

(b) ● Use the second boss to attach the wooden rod to the stand. Adjust the apparatus until
the vertical string of the pendulum just touches against the wooden rod, as shown in
Fig. 1.2.

boss S

wooden rod

Fig. 1.2

● The distance between the bottom of the wooden blocks and the centre of the wooden
rod is S.

Adjust the position of the wooden rod so that S is approximately 36 cm.

● Measure and record S.

S = ......................................................... cm

● Calculate (L – S).

(L – S) = ......................................................... cm

● Move the adhesive putty a small distance so that the string moves away from the wooden
rod. Release the adhesive putty. The string hits the rod as the pendulum oscillates.

● Take measurements to determine the period T of the oscillations.

T = ............................................................ s
[2]

© UCLES 2023 9702/33/O/N/23 [Turn over

(c) Change S in the range 5.0 cm G S G 45.0 cm by adjusting the position of the wooden rod.
Determine T. Repeat until you have six sets of values of S and T.

Record your results in a table. Include values of (L - S) in your table.

[8]

(d) (i) Plot a graph of T on the y-axis against (L - S) on the x-axis. [3]

(ii) Draw the straight line of best fit. [1]

(iii) Determine the gradient and y-intercept of this line.

gradient = ...............................................................

y-intercept = ...............................................................
[2]

© UCLES 2023 9702/33/O/N/23

© UCLES 2023 9702/33/O/N/23 [Turn over

(e) (i) It is suggested that the quantities T, L and S are related by the equation

T = A (L - S) + B

where A and B are constants.

Using your answers in (d)(iii), determine the values of A and B.

Give appropriate units.

A = ...............................................................

B = ...............................................................
[2]

(ii) Theory suggests that

A= π
g
where g is the acceleration of free fall.

Use your answer in (e)(i) to determine a value for g.

Give an appropriate unit.

g = ......................................................... [1]

[Total: 20]

© UCLES 2023 9702/33/O/N/23

9702/33 Cambridge International AS & A Level – Mark Scheme October/November 2023
PUBLISHED
Question Answer Marks

1(a) Value of L in range 52.5–53.5 cm. 1

1(b) Value of T in the range 1.00–2.00 s. 1

At least two measurements of nT where n ⩾ 5. 1

1(c) Six (or more) sets of readings of S (different values) and T with the correct trend (as S increases T decreases) and without 4
help from the Supervisor scores 4 marks, five sets scores 3 marks, etc.

Range: Includes S ⩽ 10.0 cm and S ⩾ 40.0 cm. 1

Column headings: 1
Each column heading must contain a quantity and a unit where appropriate.
The presentation of quantity and unit must conform to accepted scientific convention e.g. √(L – S) / cm1/2.

Consistency: All values of S must be given to the nearest 0.1 cm. 1

Calculation: Values of √(L – S) are correct. 1

1(d)(i) Axes: 1
Axes must be labelled with the correct quantities.
Scales must be chosen so that the plotted points occupy at least half the graph grid in both the x and y directions.
Scale markings are no more than 2 cm (one large square) apart.
Sensible scales must be used. Scales must not be awkward (e.g. 3:10 or fractions).

Plotting of points: 1
All observations in the table must be plotted on the grid.
Diameter of plotted points must be ⩽ half a small square.
Points must be plotted to an accuracy of half a small square in both x and y directions.

Quality: 1
Trend of points must be positive.
All points in the table must be plotted on the grid (at least 5).
It must be possible to draw a straight line that is within  0.2 cm1/2 ( 0.02 m1/2) on the √(L – S) axis of all plotted points.

© UCLES 2023 Page 5 of 8

9702/33 Cambridge International AS & A Level – Mark Scheme October/November 2023
PUBLISHED
Question Answer Marks

1(d)(ii) Line of best fit: 1

‘Best fit’ is judged by the balance of all points on the grid (at least 5 points) about the candidate’s line.
There must be an even distribution of points either side of the line along the full length.
Lines must not be kinked or thicker than half a square.

Some candidates may choose to identify an anomalous point. If they identify one point as anomalous (e.g. by circling or
labelling) then this point is to be disregarded when judging the line of best fit. There must be at least 5 points left after the
anomalous point is disregarded.

1(d)(iii) Gradient: 1
The hypotenuse of the triangle used should be greater than half the length of the drawn line.
Both read-offs must be accurate to half a small square in both the x and y directions.
The method of calculation must be correct, not x / y.
The gradient sign on the answer line must be consistent with the graph drawn.

y-intercept: 1
Intercept read directly from the graph, with read-off at x = 0, accurate to half a small square in y direction.
or
Correct read-off from a point on the line and substituted correctly into y = mx + c or an equivalent expression.
Read-off accurate to half a small square in both x and y directions.

1(e)(i) Value of A = candidate’s gradient and value of B = candidate’s y-intercept. 1

The values must not be written as fractions or surds or given to only one significant figure.

Unit for A: s m–1/2 or s cm–1/2 1

and
unit for B: s.

1(e)(ii) g calculated correctly using g = 2 / A2 and with correct unit. 1

© UCLES 2023 Page 6 of 8

You may not need to use all of the materials provided. For
Examiner’s
Use
2 In this experiment, you will investigate how the speed of water flowing through a tube
depends on the tube length.

(a) (i) Take measurements to determine the internal diameter D of the flexible tube, as
shown in Fig. 2.1.

Fig. 2.1
D = ............................................ cm [2]

(ii) Estimate the percentage uncertainty in your value of D.

percentage uncertainty = .................................................. [1]

(b) Remove the plunger from the syringe body.

(c) (i) Measure the length l of the flexible tube.

l = ................................................. [1]

(ii) Push the nozzle of the syringe body securely into one end of the flexible tube and
then assemble the apparatus as shown in Fig. 2.2. Attach enough modelling clay
near the bottom of the tube to make it hang vertically.

clamp

syringe body

nozzle

flexible tube
stand modelling
clay

tray

bench

Fig. 2.2
© UCLES 2013 9702/34/M/J/13 [Turn over
8

(iii) Fill the syringe body to the top with water. For
As the water level falls in the syringe body, take measurements to find the time t Examiner’s
for the level to fall from the 40 cm3 graduation to the 10 cm3 graduation. (Note that Use

1 ml = 1 cm3.)

t = ............................................... s [1]

(iv) Calculate the average speed v of the water in the tube using the relationship

v = 120 .
πD2 t

v = ...................................... cm s−1 [1]

(d) Justify the number of significant figures that you have given for your value of v.

..........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(e) (i) Detach the tube from the syringe body and reduce its length by cutting it in half.
(ii) Repeat (c) with one of the shorter tubes.

l = .......................................................

t = ..................................................... s

v = ............................................ cm s−1
[3]

© UCLES 2013 9702/34/M/J/13

(f) It is suggested that the relationship between v and l is For

Examiner’s
v2 = k l Use

where k is a constant.

(i) Using your data, calculate two values of k.

first value of k = .......................................................

second value of k = .......................................................

[1]

(ii) Explain whether your results support the suggested relationship.

..................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................. [1]

(g) (i) Describe four sources of uncertainty or limitations of the procedure for this For
experiment. Examiner’s
Use

1. ..............................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................

2. ...............................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................

3. ...............................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................

4. ...............................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................
[4]

(ii) Describe four improvements that could be made to this experiment. You may
suggest the use of other apparatus or different procedures.