8.1 Purity, Formulations & Chromatography (H) PhysicsAndMathsTutor.
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All questions are for both separate science and combined science students
Q1.
A student investigated an orange dye (A) using paper chromatography.
Figure 1 shows the results of Experiment 1 and Experiment 2 using orange dye A.
Figure 1
(a) Explain why the yellow dye and red dye travel different distances in Experiment 1.
Refer to forces of attraction between the dyes and the chromatography paper in
your answer.
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(2)
(b) The student used the same type of chromatography paper in Experiment 1 and in
Experiment 2.
Explain why the yellow dye is in different positions in Experiment 1 and in
Experiment 2.
Use Figure 1.
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(3)
8.1 Purity, Formulations & Chromatography (H) [Link]
Figure 1 is repeated below.
Figure 1 shows the results of Experiment 1 and Experiment 2 using orange dye A.
Figure 1
The student investigated a different orange dye (B).
Figure 2 shows the results of Experiment 3 using orange dye B.
Figure 2
(c) Compare the purity of the orange dyes A and B.
Give reasons for your answer.
Use Figure 1 and Figure 2.
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(2)
8.1 Purity, Formulations & Chromatography (H) [Link]
(d) The student calculated that the Rf value of the orange dye in the experiment shown
in Figure 2 was 0.48
Calculate the distance moved by the solvent front when the orange dye had moved
5.4 cm.
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Distance moved by solvent front = __________ cm
(3)
(e) Why is the Rf value of a dye not affected by how far the solvent front is allowed to
travel?
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(1)
(f) Another type of chromatography is called gas chromatography.
Gas chromatography is an instrumental method of chemical analysis.
Scientists tested the orange dyes using gas chromatography.
Suggest two advantages of using the instrumental method of gas chromatography
rather than paper chromatography.
1 ________________________________________________________________
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2 ________________________________________________________________
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(2)
(Total 13 marks)
8.1 Purity, Formulations & Chromatography (H) [Link]
Q2.
This question is about chromatography.
A student investigated an orange food colouring using two different types of
chromatography paper.
The food colouring:
• contained a mixture of red and yellow dyes
• was soluble in water.
This is the method used.
1. Draw a start line on a piece of type A chromatography paper.
2. Put a spot of orange food colouring on the line.
3. Put the paper into a beaker containing water as a solvent.
4. Wait for the water to travel up the paper.
5. Measure the distance above the start line moved by the red and yellow dyes and the
water.
6. Repeat steps 1 to 5 using type B chromatography paper.
The figure below shows how the student set up the apparatus.
(a) The student made two mistakes when setting up the apparatus.
Give two mistakes the student made.
1 ________________________________________________________________
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2 ________________________________________________________________
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(2)
8.1 Purity, Formulations & Chromatography (H) [Link]
Another student set up the apparatus correctly.
The table below shows the results.
Type A Type B
chromatography chromatography
paper paper
Yellow Yellow
Red dye Red dye
dye dye
Distance moved by
4.8 6.6 5.4 X
dye in cm
Distance moved by
12.0 12.0 12.0 12.0
water in cm
Rf value 0.40 0.55 0.45 0.60
(b) Determine value X in the table above.
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X = __________ cm
(3)
Changing the type of chromatography paper resulted in different Rf values for the red dye.
(c) Explain why the Rf values for the red dye are different using the two types of
chromatography paper.
Use the table above.
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(3)
8.1 Purity, Formulations & Chromatography (H) [Link]
(d) What other change to the investigation could result in a different Rf value for the red
dye?
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(1)
(Total 9 marks)