SQL

SQL is a standard database language used to access and manipulate data in databases. SQL stands
for Structured Query Language. It was developed by IBM Computer Scientists in the 1970s. By
executing queries SQL can create, update, delete, and retrieve data in databases like MySQL, Oracle,
PostgreSQL, etc.

Why to Learn SQL?

SQL helps you to easily get information from data with high efficiency. To manipulate the data in
databases like Create, Read, Edit, and Delete, we use SQL queries. Users can interact with data stored
in relational database management systems. Anyone who knows the English language can easily
write SQL queries. Some of the key features of SQL are given below:

 Without a lot of coding knowledge, we can manage a database with SQL.

 SQL works with database systems from Oracle, IBM, Microsoft, etc.

 Simple and easy to learn.

 SQL is an ANSI and ISO standard language for database manipulation.

 SQL retrieves large amounts of data very fast.

What is Database?

A database is an organized collection of data stored in a computer system and usually managed by a
database management system (DBMS).

 The most commonly used types of databases are Relational and NoSQL.

 The data in relational databases is modeled in tables, making querying and processing
efficient. Structured query language (SQL) is commonly used for data querying and writing.

 The data in NoSQL databases is modeled as key-value pairs.

  Examples of relational DBMS are MySQL, Oracle, Microdoft SQL Server and Postgre SQL.

 Examples of NoSQL DBMS are MongoDB, Cassandra and DynamoDB

Applications of Databases:

 Databases are backbone for any business as they also allow businesses to do data analysis
and apply data science to take business decisions.

 Databases are essential part of our life. We encounter several activities that involve our
interaction with databases, for example in the bank, in the railway station, in school, in a
grocery store, etc

Types of Databases

There are many types of databases.

 Relational Databases: A relational database’s contents are arranged as a collection of tables

with rows and columns. Accessing structured data is made most flexible and efficient by
relational database technology.

 Object-Oriented Databases: Similar to object-oriented programming, data in an object-

oriented database is represented as objects.

 Distributed Databases: A distributed database is made up of two or more files that are
spread across multiple locations. The database could be dispersed across many networks,
housed in one physical place, or kept on several computers.

 Data Warehouses: A data warehouse is a sort of database created especially for quick query
and analysis. It is a central repository for data.

 NoSQL Databases: Unlike relational databases, which specify how all data input must be
formatted, NoSQL, or nonrelational databases, permit the storing and manipulation of
unstructured and semistructured data. The prevalence and complexity of online applications
led to the rise in popularity of NoSQL databases.

 Graph Databases: Data is stored in a graph database using entities and their relationships.

 OLTP Database: An OLTP database is a quick, analytical database made to handle lots of
transactions from several users at once.

 Open source databases: A database system that is open source can have either a SQL or
NoSQL database as its source code.

 Cloud databases: A collection of organized or unorganized data that is housed on a private,

public, or hybrid cloud computing platform is known as a cloud database. Cloud database
models come in two flavors: traditional and database as a service (DBaaS). With DBaaS, a
service provider handles maintenance and administrative duties.
 What is DBMS?

Collection of interrelated data and set of programs to access data example – MySql, Oracle.

 An interface for operations like creation, deletion, modification, etc is provided by DBMS.

 DBMS allows the user to create their databases as per their requirement.

 DBMS accepts the request from the application and provides specific data through the
operating system.

 DBMS contains a group of programs that acts according to the user’s instruction.

 It provides security to the database.

Frequently Asked Questions on What is Database? – FAQs

Why do we use database?

Database software allows users to store and retrieve data in an organized manner, it simplifies data
management. In order to help build and maintain the data, it usually features a graphical interface.

Where is master database?

The Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\Mssql\Data directory contains the msdb database file
(msdb. mdf) and msdb log files (msdb. ldf).

What are types of languages in DBMS?

Their are mainly 4 types of languages in DBMS

 DDL

 DCL

 TCL

 DML

What is a MySQL database?

MySQL is an open source relational database management system based on SQL. It was designed
and optimized for web applications and can run on any platform.

What is the future of databases?

The technology behind databases has changed since the conception of network and hierarchical
databases in the 1960s. Most databases now are of the SQL, NoSQL and cloud-based varieties.
However, self-driving databases are also making headway with services such as Oracle Autonomous
Database