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Modified Stem

The document describes the characteristics of normal stems and various modifications of stems that serve different functions such as storage, perennation, and vegetative propagation. It details specific types of modified stems including rhizomes, tubers, bulbs, and corms, highlighting their structures and functions. Each type of modification has distinct features that enable the plant to adapt and thrive in its environment.

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Laxmikant Lenka
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9 views3 pages

Modified Stem

The document describes the characteristics of normal stems and various modifications of stems that serve different functions such as storage, perennation, and vegetative propagation. It details specific types of modified stems including rhizomes, tubers, bulbs, and corms, highlighting their structures and functions. Each type of modification has distinct features that enable the plant to adapt and thrive in its environment.

Uploaded by

Laxmikant Lenka
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

MODIFIED STEM

Characteristic of Normal stems:

 It is the ascending of the plant, developing from plumule


 It is negative Geotropic nature and positive phototropic in nature.
 It is young when it is green in colour.
 It bears leaves, branches and flowers
 It is provided with node, internodes. Leaves and branches develop from the node.
 It is provided with buds at the leaf axil and apex.
 It holds the plant straight also carries water and minerals from the roots to all parts of
the plants. it translocate the food materials in the leaves to all part of the plants.

Modified stem:

The stem appear in different forms ,serving the functions other than the normal functions
such as Perennation, storage of food materials, Vegetative propagation and
defensive ,climbing and preparation of food materials.

There are different types of stem modifications

1) Under- ground stem modifications


2) Sub -aerial stem modifications
3) Aerial stem modifications.

1 ) RHIZOME:

I. It is non green, under gound structure


possessing the characteristics of stem

II. Distinct nodes and short Internodes are present.

III. There are brown Scale leaves present at the


nodes.

IV. Some adventitious roots are given off from its


lower side.

V. It bears both axillary as Well as terminal buds.

VI. It is fleshy, branched and thickened structure


growing horizontally under the Soil for
perennation and storage of food materials
2) TUBER

i). It bears a number of 'eyes' or


buds on Its Surface.

ii) The 'eye' or bud is found in the


axil of Scale leaf which develops
at the node.

iii) It is almost spherical in shape,


being the swollen end of a
slender,underground,horizontal
axillary branch for penetration and

TUBERS

Tubers

Bulb

i) It consists of inner fleshy and outer scale leaves,


arranged in concentric rings' (tunicated or coated).
.
ii) Both Axillary and Terminal buds are present at the
base

iii) It is a short, thick, conical, disc like structure,


growing vertically under the soil and having scale
leaves on the Upper surface and adventitious roots at
base.

iv) It is meant for storage of food materials.


4). Corm (UNDER GROUND STEM MODIFICATION)

i) There are brown scale leaves present at the nodes.

ii) Adventitious roots are given off from the sides.

iii) Both axillary as well as terminal buds are present. .

iv ) It is a stout, solid, and fleshy structure appearing somewhat flattened from top to bottom
and growing vertically under for perennation and storage of food materials.

BULB CORM

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