Topic:

Impact of Awareness, Lifestyle Factors

and Socio-Economic Implications of
PCOD/PCOS among Young Women

PROJECT REPORT SUBMITTED

FOUR YEAR [Link]
SEM–III EXAMINATION, 2025
(UNDER CCF, 2022)
Paper – ECOM SEC–3 (PR)
DATA ANALYSIS AND
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
CONTENTS
1. PREFACE
2. INTRODUCTION
3. METHODOLOGY
4. PRESENTATION OF DATA
5. INTERPRETATION AND
ANALYSIS
6. RECOMMENDATIONS
7. CONCLUSION
8. APPENDIX
PREFACE
This paper examines the level of awareness, lifestyle factors, and socio-
economic implications associated with Polycystic Ovarian Disease (PCOD) and
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) among young women. Recognizing the
growing prevalence of these conditions and their impact on physical health,
mental well-being, and economic stability, I conducted a study titled “Impact of
Awareness, Lifestyle Factors and Socio-Economic Implications of PCOD/PCOS
among Young Women”, supported by a dynamic Power BI dashboard to
visualize the findings.
The project was inspired by the increasing number of young women reporting
hormonal health issues, irregular menstrual cycles, lifestyle-related
complications, and delayed diagnosis of PCOD/PCOS. With changing dietary
patterns, sedentary lifestyles, academic pressure, and stress becoming more
prevalent, these conditions have emerged as significant public health concerns.
The primary aim of this study was to capture diverse perspectives of young
women and transform the collected responses into an interactive, data-driven
visualization to enhance understanding and interpretation.
Objectives of the Study:
• To assess awareness levels regarding PCOD/PCOS
• To analyse lifestyle patterns and behavioural factors
• To examine mental health and socio-economic implications
• To study healthcare-seeking behaviour and treatment expenditure
• To present the findings through a comprehensive Power BI dashboard
Key Findings:
The research reveals that while awareness regarding PCOD/PCOS exists among
a large section of respondents, significant gaps remain in early diagnosis,
lifestyle management, and mental health support. Sedentary lifestyle patterns,
psychological stress, and recurring treatment expenditure emerged as
prominent concerns.
This project has significantly enhanced my understanding of applied data
analysis, dashboard creation, and visualization techniques using Power BI. I
would like to sincerely thank my college professor, Dr. Gargi Sinha, for her
invaluable guidance throughout this project. I also extend my gratitude to
Calcutta University for providing the platform to undertake and present this
research.
INTRODUCTION
PCOD and PCOS are among the most prevalent
endocrine disorders affecting women of reproductive
age. These conditions are associated with hormonal
imbalance, irregular menstrual cycles, metabolic
disturbances, infertility-related complications, and long-
term health risks such as diabetes and cardiovascular
issues. Despite their widespread prevalence,
PCOD/PCOS often remains underdiagnosed due to lack
of awareness, social stigma, and limited access to
healthcare facilities.
In recent years, lifestyle transitions characterised by
reduced physical activity, unhealthy dietary habits,
increased screen time, academic stress, and
psychological pressure have contributed significantly to
the rising incidence of PCOD/PCOS among young
women. Alongside physical symptoms, these conditions
also exert a considerable impact on mental health, self-
esteem, productivity, and financial stability.
This Power BI report explores the multifaceted impact
of PCOD/PCOS by analysing primary data collected from
young women across different demographic
backgrounds. Through systematic visualization and
interpretation, the study aims to uncover patterns and
insights that highlight the broader implications of these
conditions.
METHODOLOGY
The research titled “Impact of Awareness, Lifestyle
Factors and Socio-Economic Implications of PCOD/PCOS
among Young Women” was conducted to investigate
awareness levels, lifestyle behaviour, health outcomes,
and socio-economic impact associated with
PCOD/PCOS.
Sampling Methodology:
To ensure adequate representation of the target
demographic, a convenience sampling method was
adopted. The study focused on young women
belonging to different age groups, educational
backgrounds, and residential areas. This method
allowed for the collection of relevant and diverse
responses within the given time and resource
constraints.
Data Collection Process:
Data was gathered using a structured online
questionnaire developed through Google Forms. This
platform provided an efficient means of designing,
distributing, and collecting responses. All responses
were automatically stored in an Excel spreadsheet,
ensuring accuracy and ease of data handling.
Questionnaire Designing
The questionnaire was carefully designed to collect
comprehensive information on awareness, lifestyle
factors, health experiences, and socio-economic
implications related to PCOD/PCOS among young
women. The design process focused on ensuring clarity,
relevance, and ease of understanding for respondents.
The questionnaire comprised 18 well-structured
questions, covering demographic details, awareness
levels, lifestyle patterns, diagnosis status, mental health
perceptions, healthcare-seeking behaviour, and
treatment-related expenditure. The majority of
questions were closed-ended, allowing respondents to
select from predefined options, which facilitated
uniform data collection and ease of analysis. Likert-
scale questions were included to capture the intensity
of respondents’ opinions on key issues such as mental
health impact, curriculum inclusion, and the perceived
increase in PCOD/PCOS prevalence.
The questionnaire was created using Google Forms,
which allowed efficient distribution, response
collection, and automatic storage of data in digital
format. The design ensured logical flow, beginning with
basic demographic information and gradually
progressing to more specific and opinion-based
questions.
Survey Design and Participation:
The questionnaire comprised 18 well-formulated
questions aimed at capturing respondents’
demographic profile, awareness levels regarding
PCOD/PCOS, lifestyle patterns, diagnosis status, mental
health perceptions, healthcare-seeking behaviour, and
treatment-related expenditure. A total of 113
responses were collected from young women
belonging to varied educational and residential
backgrounds. The survey incorporated both
quantitative and qualitative elements, enabling the
study to analyse numerical trends as well as subjective
perceptions.
Reliability and Validity:
To maintain consistency and ensure data quality, the
questionnaire primarily employed multiple-choice
questions (MCQs) and Likert-scale response formats.
This reduced ambiguity and ensured uniform
interpretation of questions across respondents. The
structured design of the questionnaire enhanced
internal consistency, while the use of standardized
response options improved comparability across
variables.
The digital nature of Google Forms minimized manual
data entry errors and ensured real-time response
recording. Furthermore, the survey questions were
framed clearly and logically to align with the objectives
of the study, thereby strengthening content validity.
The combination of a reliable data collection tool,
objective response formats, and systematic data
preparation contributed significantly to the overall
reliability and validity of the research findings.
DATA PRESENTATION
The data used to develop the Power BI dashboard was
collected through a Google Form survey, with
responses initially stored in an Excel spreadsheet. The
dataset featured a mix of demographic variables,
multiple-choice questions, and Likert-scale opinion-
based responses. Once data collection was completed,
the dataset was imported into Power BI for
comprehensive analysis and visualization.
Data Tabulation and Coding:
After the completion of data collection through Google
Forms, the responses were automatically tabulated in
an Excel spreadsheet. This initial tabulation facilitated
systematic organization of the collected data and
ensured that each response corresponded accurately to
its respective question.
For analytical purposes, the data was further coded to
enable efficient processing and visualization in Power
BI. Categorical responses such as age group, education
level, area of residence, lifestyle pattern, and diagnosis
status were coded using consistent labels. Opinion-
based Likert scale responses were later transformed
into numerical values during the data preparation stage
to facilitate quantitative analysis.
The process of data tabulation and coding ensured
uniformity, reduced ambiguity, and prepared the
dataset for subsequent cleaning, transformation, and
visualization.
Data Cleaning and Transformation:
To ensure the dataset was structured and ready for
effective visualization, the following data
transformation steps were executed using Power Query
Editor:
• Setting the First Row as Header: The initial row of the
dataset was promoted to headers to assign appropriate
column names.
• Removing Irrelevant Columns: Columns such as email
address and timestamp, which held no analytical value,
were removed.
• Renaming Columns: Long and descriptive question-
based column names were renamed into concise and
intuitive labels to facilitate smoother visualization.
• Text Cleaning: The Trim and Clean functions were
applied to remove extra spaces and non-printing
characters.
• Handling Missing Values: Non-applicable and missing
responses were standardized to ensure consistency.
• Creating Conditional Columns: Likert-scale opinion
responses were converted into numerical scores
(Strongly Agree = 5, Agree = 4, Neutral = 3, Disagree =
2, Strongly Disagree = 1) to enable numerical analysis.
These steps ensured that the dataset was clean,
consistent, and suitable for accurate visualization and
interpretation.
Visualization Techniques
The dashboard integrates a diverse array of visual
elements to present insights in a clear and user-friendly
manner. These include pie charts, donut charts,
clustered column charts, stacked column charts, bar
charts, data cards, and slicers. Visualization types were
selected based on the nature of the data and the type
of insights being conveyed.
1. Card
This visual depicts the total
number of respondents who
participated in the survey. It
provides an overview of the
sample size used for the
analysis and indicates that a
total of 113 responses were collected through the
questionnaire.
2. Clustered Column Chart
This chart depicts the age-wise
distribution of respondents,
showing how the participants
are distributed across different
age groups. It helps in
understanding the demographic composition of the
sample population.
3. Pie Chart
This chart depicts the area of
residence of respondents,
representing the proportion of
participants belonging to urban,
semi-urban, and rural areas. It
highlights the geographical distribution of the survey
sample.
4. Pie Chart
This chart depicts the
PCOD/PCOS diagnosis status of
respondents. It shows the
proportion of individuals who
have been diagnosed with
PCOD/PCOS, those who have
not been diagnosed, and those who are unsure.
5. Donut Chart
This chart depicts the
educational status of
respondents, illustrating the
distribution of participants
across different education
levels such as school students,
undergraduates, postgraduates, working professionals,
and homemakers.

6. 100% Stacked Bar Chart

This chart depicts the level
of PCOD/PCOS awareness
across different education
levels. It allows comparison
of awareness proportions
within each education
category, emphasizing how
awareness varies with
educational attainment.
7. Bar Chart
This chart depicts the
sources of information
about PCOD/PCOS, such as
healthcare professionals,
internet and social media,
friends or family, and
educational institutions. It
helps identify the most
common channels through which awareness is gained.
8. Clustered Column Chart
This chart depicts the
average mental health
impact score of
PCOD/PCOS across
different educational
levels. It reflects the
intensity of respondents’
perceptions regarding the
mental health effects of PCOD/PCOS.
9. Clustered Column Chart
This chart depicts the
average level of support
for including PCOD/PCOS
awareness in the
academic curriculum
across different areas of
residence. It highlights
variations in opinion
based on geographical background.
10. Clustered Column
Chart
This chart depicts the
perception regarding the
increasing prevalence of
PCOD/PCOS among
young women, based on average opinion scores across
different age groups.
Interactive Features:
The slicers in Power BI allow users to filter data based
on Age Group and Diagnosis Status. By selecting
specific categories, users can dynamically update all
connected visuals, enabling targeted analysis and
comparison across subgroups. This interactivity not
only improves user engagement but also enables in-
depth exploration of the findings.

This interactive element depicts a

filter based on age group,
allowing users to dynamically
adjust the dashboard and analyse
patterns for specific age
categories.

This interactive element depicts

a filter based on PCOD/PCOS
diagnosis status, enabling
focused analysis by comparing
diagnosed and non-diagnosed
respondents.
INTERPRETATION AND
ANALYSIS
The Power BI dashboard enables a detailed and
systematic interpretation of the data collected on
awareness, lifestyle factors, and socio-economic
implications of PCOD/PCOS among young women. Each
visualization contributes to understanding different
dimensions of the issue through comparative,
proportional, and intensity-based analysis.
The card visual indicates that a total of 113
respondents participated in the survey. This establishes
the base population for all subsequent analysis.
The clustered column chart showing age-wise
distribution reveals that the majority of respondents
belong to the 18–21 age group, followed by those in
the 22–25 age group, while comparatively fewer
respondents fall in the below-18 and above-25
categories. This suggests that the study primarily
reflects the experiences of young women in early
adulthood — a stage at which PCOD/PCOS symptoms
are frequently detected.
The donut chart representing educational status shows
that 86 out of 113 respondents (76.11%) are
undergraduate students. School students constitute 12
respondents (approximately 10.6%), working
professionals account for 11 respondents (around
9.7%), while postgraduates and homemakers form a
smaller share. This indicates that the findings largely
reflect the perspectives of college-going women.
The pie chart illustrating area of residence shows that
90 respondents (79.65%) belong to urban areas, 16
respondents (14.16%) belong to semi-urban areas, and
the remaining respondents are from rural areas. This
highlights an urban-dominant sample, which may
explain higher exposure to healthcare information and
digital awareness platforms.
The 100% stacked bar chart analysing PCOD/PCOS
awareness by education level reveals that awareness is
highest among undergraduate and postgraduate
respondents, while school-level respondents show
comparatively lower awareness. This clearly
demonstrates the role of education in shaping
reproductive health awareness.
The bar chart depicting sources of PCOD/PCOS
information indicates that the most common sources
are doctors and healthcare professionals, followed
closely by internet and social media platforms. Friends,
family members, and educational institutions
contribute to a lesser extent. This reflects an increasing
reliance on digital and medical sources rather than
formal education systems for health information.
The pie chart representing diagnosis status shows that
47 respondents (41.59%) have been diagnosed with
PCOD/PCOS, 53 respondents (46.9%) report not being
diagnosed, and 13 respondents (11.5%) are unsure.
This indicates a substantial prevalence of PCOD/PCOS
within the sample, while also highlighting the possibility
of underdiagnosis or lack of medical confirmation.
The stacked column chart comparing lifestyle patterns
with diagnosis status reveals that diagnosed cases are
more concentrated among respondents reporting
sedentary and moderately active lifestyles. In contrast,
respondents who describe themselves as physically
active show comparatively fewer diagnosed cases. This
suggests a possible association between reduced
physical activity and PCOD/PCOS prevalence.
The clustered column chart representing average
mental health scores shows that respondents across all
educational categories largely agree or strongly agree
that PCOD/PCOS has a significant impact on mental
health. The use of average scores (rather than simple
counts) reflects the intensity of perception, indicating
that mental health concerns are a prominent aspect of
the condition.
The column chart depicting monthly treatment
expenditure shows that among respondents
undergoing treatment, a considerable proportion incur
regular monthly expenses, indicating a recurring
financial burden. This highlights the socio-economic
impact of long-term PCOD/PCOS management,
particularly for students and economically dependent
individuals.
Overall, the dashboard demonstrates that PCOD/PCOS
is not merely a medical condition but a multifaceted
issue involving awareness gaps, lifestyle factors,
psychological stress, and economic implications.
RECOMMENDATIONS
Based on the findings of this study, the following
recommendations are proposed:
1. Integration of PCOD/PCOS Awareness in
Education
Academic institutions should include structured
awareness modules on PCOD/PCOS within school
and college curricula to promote early
understanding and symptom recognition.
2. Promotion of Active Lifestyles
Regular physical activity should be encouraged
among young women through institutional
initiatives, fitness programs, and awareness
campaigns to reduce lifestyle-related risk factors.
3. Strengthening Mental Health Support
Counselling services and mental health support
systems should be made accessible to individuals
diagnosed with PCOD/PCOS to address anxiety,
stress, and emotional challenges.
4. Improved Healthcare Accessibility
Affordable diagnostic and treatment facilities
should be expanded, particularly for students and
economically dependent individuals, to reduce
long-term financial burden.
5. Public Health Awareness Campaigns
Government and healthcare organizations should
conduct targeted campaigns focusing on early
diagnosis, preventive care, and stigma reduction
associated with PCOD/PCOS.
CONCLUSION
The Power BI–based analysis of awareness, lifestyle
factors, and socio-economic implications of PCOD/PCOS
among young women offers a comprehensive
understanding of the condition. The findings reveal that
while awareness exists, significant gaps remain in early
diagnosis, lifestyle modification, and mental health
support.
The study highlights the role of sedentary lifestyles,
psychological stress, and recurring treatment costs in
shaping the experiences of affected individuals. The
interactive dashboard effectively integrates
demographic, behavioural, and opinion-based data,
enabling meaningful comparison and deeper insight.
By combining systematic data cleaning, robust
visualization techniques, and interactive features, the
dashboard serves as a powerful analytical tool. The
study underscores the need for integrated efforts
involving education, healthcare, and policy
interventions to address the growing prevalence of
PCOD/PCOS among young women.
APPENDIX

1) The Questionnaire
Impact of Awareness, Lifestyle Factors and Socio-
Economic Implications of PCOD/PCOS among Young
Women
1. Age Group
• Below 18
• 18–21
• 22–25
• Above 25
2. Educational Status
• School student
• Undergraduate
• Postgraduate
• Working professional
• Homemaker
3. Area of Residence
• Urban
• Semi-urban
• Rural
4. Have you heard about PCOD/PCOS?
• Yes
• No
5. Source of information about PCOD/PCOS
• Doctor/Healthcare professional
• Internet/Social media
• Friends/Family
• School/College
6. Have you ever been diagnosed with PCOD/PCOS?
• Yes
• No
• Not sure
7. If diagnosed, at what age were you diagnosed?
• Below 18
• 18–21
• 22–25
• Above 25
8. How would you describe your daily lifestyle?
• Active
• Moderately active
• Sedentary
9. How often do you engage in physical exercise per
week?
• Never
• 1–2 times
• 3–4 times
• Daily
10. Type of diet mostly consumed
• Balanced
• Fast food-based
 • Home-cooked
• Mixed
11. PCOD/PCOS is becoming common among
young women
• Strongly agree
• Agree
• Neutral
• Disagree
• Strongly disagree
12. PCOD/PCOS affects the mental health of
young women
• Strongly agree
• Agree
• Neutral
• Disagree
• Strongly disagree
13. PCOD/PCOS awareness should be included in
academic curriculum
• Strongly agree
• Agree
• Neutral
• Disagree
• Strongly disagree
14. Are you currently undergoing treatment for
PCOD/PCOS?
• Yes
• No
 15. Monthly expenditure on PCOD/PCOS
treatment
• Not applicable
• Below ₹1000
• ₹1000–₹3000
• Above ₹3000
16. Has PCOD/PCOS affected your studies or
work productivity?
• Yes
• No
• Sometimes
17. Would you consult a doctor if symptoms
appear?
• Yes
• No
• Not sure
18. Biggest challenge faced by women with
PCOD/PCOS
• Lack of awareness
• Social stigma
• Mental health issues
• Financial burden

2) Data Source Details

The data utilized in the Power BI dashboard was
originally gathered through a structured questionnaire
distributed via Google Forms. The responses were
automatically stored in an Excel file, which served as
the primary data source. This file was subsequently
imported into Power BI for detailed analysis and
visualization.
3) Data Transformation and Cleaning
To prepare the data for effective visualization, a series
of data cleaning and transformation steps were carried
out using Power Query. These steps included renaming
columns for clarity, removing irrelevant fields, and
restructuring the dataset to ensure consistency and
accuracy, thereby enabling more reliable insights.
4) Visualizations and Charts Used
A variety of charts and visual elements were employed
within the dashboard to present the data in a clear and
engaging manner. These included pie charts, bar charts,
column charts, donut charts, and data cards. Each
visualization was thoughtfully designed and formatted
to enhance readability and user experience. Specific
formatting techniques—such as customizing font
colours and sizes, adjusting background transparency,
applying borders, and removing unnecessary gridlines
—were implemented to improve the overall visual
appeal and clarity of the dashboard. These
enhancements ensured that the dashboard not only
communicated the findings effectively but also
provided an intuitive and visually compelling user
interface.
5) Dashboard Preview
(Attached separately in PDF format)
6) Tutorial References
• Research Methodology – C.R. Kothari
• Microsoft Power BI Documentation
• YouTube Power BI Tutorials
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