International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management (IJSREM)

Volume: 07 Issue: 01 | January - 2023 Impact Factor: 7.185 ISSN: 2582-3930

IOT-BASED SMART GARDENING SYSTEM USING ARDUINO UNO

[Link][1], Sharon Wilson[2], Shrinidhi Kamatchi K[3], Srinithi R[4]

[1] Associate Professor, Computer Science And Business Systems Department, [Link] College
[2] ,[3],[4] Student, III Year, Computer Science And Business Systems Department, [Link] College

II. PROBLEM STATEMENT:

Abstract—Environmental awareness is one of the most To provide an efficient home gardening support
important factors for environmental sustainability. This
paper describes a Smart gardening system using an IoT system using a wireless sensor network which handles
platform. different activities of our rooftop or kitchen gardens
The main purpose of this automation is to make and gives useful information related to the same.
home gardening more convenient by eliminating Information related to Soil moisture, Temperature, pest
manual work. The Soil Moisture Sensor has many detection, and light required for photosynthesis is
applications in agricultural research, everyday
gardening, and humidity and temperature sensors. By provided. Due to extreme weather conditions faced
tracking the amount of water in your soil, you can these days, the Water level is managed by the smart
ensure your valuable crops stay hydrated and know system in both automatically/Manual using our mobile
how they’re doing before planting. application. It will make gardening more comfortable
Our project uses a soil moisture meter and a for busy home gardeners since gardening can be time-
humidity and temperature sensor using the ESP8266 to
alert the user when plants need to be watered. Next, we consuming.
built an automatic irrigation system using the IoT
board. Our system also includes an OLED display and III. LITERATURE SURVEY
uses an IoT cloud, so you can monitor and control the Automatic Watering System using Soil Moisture
system over the internet.
PIR sensors are built into the system to help prevent
Sensor and RTC timer with Arduino
pests from getting closer to your plants or destroy [Dr. Geetha S , Dr. Y. Asnath Phamila , P
plants. Additionally, after much research, our project Vaishnavi , Y Lakshmi Sai Charitha , T Jayasri ,
includes a purple LED light to stimulate plant growth. Manchikanti Bhumika , Nelakurthi Sudheer Kumar
Index Terms—IoT, ESP8266 micro controller, soil February 2022]
moisture sensor, humidity sensor and temperature This research paper deals with the management of
sensor, PIR sensor, purple LED lights water application, the main purpose is also to save our
time, save plants from drying out and extend their
I. INTRODUCTION
lifespan. It uses a moisture sensor to measure the water
The rooftop garden is a garden, either vegetable or content of the soil in the plant, a water pump for
decorative on the terrace of a building. Rooftop
artificial pumping, a relay as an electrically controlled
gardens also called living roofs or green roofs, have
switch, and a timer module. Depending on the soil
many benefits. The majority of the rooftop gardens
also provide recreational opportunities for family moisture, the water pump is switched on or off. This
members. On hot summer days, rooftop gardens may research is done using Arduino on Arduino ide. This
also keep buildings cooler than traditional roofs. helps to water the plant even in your absence for a long
Rooftop farming can provide a solution to increased period like 10-15 days, we have also worked on a
food demand and also can promote a sustainable and timer-based automatic watering system.
livable city. Rooftop farming can benefit society by
improving air quality, and reducing carbon in the Automatic plant irrigation system
atmosphere, thereby creating a healthy environment. [[Link], Aishwarya Rajendran,
Moreover, people will get pesticide-free vegetables [Link] December 2016]
with their own effort. Rooftop gardens are both This proposed model consists of three stages:
beautiful and occasionally challenging. Here are the Firstly, sensing the land’s moisture levels. The second
common problems a gardener may have with a stage is the determination of its status: dry or wet. The
rooftop garden last and third stage is Motor control. This project starts
• Accessibility to water and drainage issues with the checking of the moisture level of the soil, if
• A way to bring gardening supplies to the yes, then it will start the irrigation, after that it will
• roof Storage send a signal to the relay circuit which is connected to
• More extreme weather exposure to your plants the motor and then it will start the solenoid and the
In addition to this, in houses or places where there motor which starts to water the plant. If the status is
is no adequate no, then it won’t do any of the above works. This
The main objectives of our project is to provide water system has some limitations it needs a large amount of
according to the moisture content of the soil and to sensing equipment for very large irrigation areas and
prevent the pests attack such as squirrel and rat. the system is not 100% reliable there might be some
errors and cause loss.

© 2023, IJSREM | [Link] DOI: 10.55041/IJSREM17157 | Page 2

 International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management (IJSREM)
Volume: 07 Issue: 01 | January - 2023 Impact Factor: 7.185 ISSN: 2582-3930

Real-Time Crop Monitoring Using Esp8266 Wifi

Module”. B. Blynk app:
[Gnaneshwar K, Kushal Reddy, Pranav Bhargav
Reddy K R 2017-2018]
This paper designs and demonstrates an
economical and easy-to-use wi-fi module and controlled Blynk is an IoT platform for iOS or Android
irrigation system based on raspberry pi. The proposed smartphones that are used to control Arduino,
system deals with various environmental factors such as Raspberry Pi, and NodeMCU over the Internet.
humidity, temperature, and the amount of water required This application is used to create a graphical
by crops using sensors such as water flow sensors, interface or human-machine interface (HMI) by
temperature sensors, and soil moisture sensors. The compiling and providing the appropriate address on
broadcast section of this project will be as a temperature the available widgets.
sensor, soil moisture sensor, power supply, humidity
sensor, and router are transmitted to ESP8266. The
C. ESP8266:
receiver section will be like from the router, relay,
The ESP8266 is a microchip Wi-Fi system-on-
motor, and 16*2 LCD received by raspberry pie. The a-chip (SOC) for Internet of Things (IoT)
main motivation behind this project is that the system applications manufactured by Espressif Systems.
detects a lower moisture content and then automatically Due to its low cost, small size and adaptability with
turns on the pump. Similarly, when we consider using embedded devices, the ESP8266 is now widely
this model in green farm cultivation, we can use a used across IoT devices. . The ESP8266 module
temperature sensor supplemented with other sensors. allows microcontrollers to connect to 2.4 GHz Wi-
When the temperature inside the green farm is a bit Fi using IEEE 802.11 bgn. It can be used with ESP-
higher than normal, they turn on the sprinklers to AT firmware to provide Wi-Fi connectivity to
counter the situation. external host MCUs, or it can be used as a
standalone MCU by running an RTOS-based SDK.
IV. PROPOSED SYSTEM The module has a full TCP/IP stack and provides
the ability to process data, and read and control
The proposed system consists of 4 main features: GPIOs. The ESP8266 has many applications when
it comes to IoT. Here are some examples where the
A. Internet of things: chip is used: • Network: The module's Wi-Fi
The term IoT, or Internet of Things, refers to the antenna allows built-in devices to connect to routers
collective network of connected devices and and transfer data • Data Processing: Includes
processing of basic inputs from analog and digital
technology that facilitates communication between
sensors for much more complex calculations using
devices and the cloud and between devices. Thanks
RTOS or Non-OS SDK • P2P connectivity:
to the advent of cheap computer chips and broadband
Establish direct communication between ESP and
telecommunications, we now have billions of other devices using IOT P2P connectivity. • Web
devices connected to the Internet. A typical IoT server: Access to pages written in HTML or
system works through real-time data collection and development languages.
its exchange. The IoT system has three components:
D. Sensors:
i. Smart devices A sensor is a device that detects and
This device has been given computing capabilities. It simultaneously responds to the type of input from
collects data from its environment, user inputs, or the physical environment. The input can be light,
usage patterns and communicates the data over the heat, motion, humidity, pressure, or any number of
Internet to and from its IoT application. other environmental phenomena. The output is
generally a signal that is converted to a human-
ii. IoT application readable display on a network for reading or further
This application is a set of services and software that processing. Sensors play a vital role in this. They
integrates data received from various IoT devices. It uses make it possible to create an ecosystem for
machine learning or artificial intelligence (AI) collecting and processing data about a specific
technology to analyze data and make informed decisions. environment so that it can be monitored, managed,
These decisions are communicated back to the IoT and controlled more easily and effectively. IoT
device, and the IoT device then intelligently responds to sensors are used in homes, the field, automobiles,
the inputs. airplanes, industrial environments, and other
environments. Sensors bridge the gap between the
iii. Graphical user interface physical and logical worlds, acting as the eyes and
An IoT device or a fleet of devices can be managed ears for the computing infrastructure that analyzes
through a graphical and acts on the data collected from the sensors.

E. Purple LED lights:

Scientists, gardeners, and LED manufacturers
have focused on the red and blue frequencies of
light because these frequencies of light are two of

© 2023, IJSREM | [Link] DOI: 10.55041/IJSREM17157 | Page 3

 International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management (IJSREM)
Volume: 07 Issue: 01 | January - 2023 Impact Factor: 7.185 ISSN: 2582-3930

the most important for photosynthesis. As noted

by Yan et al: Red light plays an important role in IMPLEMENTATION Our project
controlling chloroplast functions, stem and
petiole growth, and the reproductive system. In involves the following:
other words, red light is important for the fruiting
and flowering stages of a plant. Blue light affects • to monitor the water level of our plants
plant growth, leaf expansion, and pigment using soil moisture sensor along with
accumulation. This means that blue light is temperature and humidity sensors
important for vegetative growth. Basically, the • pest detection through PIR sensor.
idea behind violet grow lights is that you only
focus on the most important light frequencies and We will be controlling these sensors using the
forget about the rest. ESP8266 microcontroller chip.
The soil moisture sensor detects the moisture
Block diagram : content of the plants and notifies the user to water
the plants when the plant’s moisture level is low.
After it notifies, the user can switch on the
motor pump directly from the user’s mobile phone
which is integrated with the IoT device.
V.
The app to do the above is generated using the
blynk application using which we can
control the system through the mobile phone via
the internet.
The water pump can be controlled from the
mobile phone instead of constantly monitoring the
plant’s water level and watering it. This reduces
the physical efforts and makes it more
innovative and comfortable for home gardeners.
The next component used is the PIR sensor
which is used to detect the movement of pests near
the plants. When an animal comes near the plant, it
detects the animal’s movement and triggers the
buzzer which shoos the animal away.
There is a high possibility for the buzzer to go off
when the user goes near the plants. In order to
avoid this, we can switch off the PIR sensor using
the Blynk app before doing so.
Lastly, we have integrated Purple LED lights
that provide enough radiation to stimulate plants'
growth in the absence of sunlight.

© 2023, IJSREM | [Link] DOI: 10.55041/IJSREM17157 | Page 4

 International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management (IJSREM)
Volume: 07 Issue: 01 | January - 2023 Impact Factor: 7.185 ISSN: 2582-3930

VI. RESULTS

This work is totally based on collecting data from the data

plants. The water required to make the plants thrive in extreme
weather conditions is provided according to the data collected
from our surroundings and the soil moisture content. In order to
protect the plants, the buzzer from the PIR sensor makes sure the
pests do not come near the plants. Adding on, in situations where
access to sunlight is difficult artificial light provided by the purple
LED lights stimulates the growth of both the leaves and the seeds.

Aishwarya Rajendran, [Link]

December 2016]
VII. CONCLUSION
[4] Smart Garden Monitoring System Using
This smart gardening system has been developed to be IoT [[Link] , [Link] ,
precise and cost-efficient by using IoT. [Link] and [Link]]
This system creates a change in home gardening by
making sure the crops by keeping tabs on the amount [5] Bennis, H. Fouchal, O. Zytoune, D.
of water in the soil, we can make sure our precious Aboutajdine, “Drip Irrigation System using
crop stays hydrated, or we can get an idea of the Wireless Sensor Networks” Proceedings of the
conditions before planting. Federated Conference on Computer Science
This challenging and amazing experience has helped us and Information Systems, ACSIS, Vol. 5, 2015
create a system that encourages people to grow a home [6] Pravina B. Chikankar, Deepak Mehetre,
garden hassle-free and with less manual work in this Soumitra Das, “An Automatic Irrigation System
fast-paced world to make sure we create a better future using ZigBee in Wireless Sensor Network,”
for the coming generations. 2015 International Conference on Pervasive
Computing(ICPC)

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© 2023, IJSREM | [Link] DOI: 10.55041/IJSREM17157 | Page 5
 International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management (IJSREM)
Volume: 07 Issue: 01 | January - 2023 Impact Factor: 7.185 ISSN: 2582-3930

[9] Aditya Gupta, Sudhir Mishra, Neeraj Bokde,

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© 2023, IJSREM | [Link] DOI: 10.55041/IJSREM17157 | Page 6