OSCILLATIONS & WAVES Model Answers

Unit - 03 PART - I
Part - I
ieliqu - iñ; r;akdhl
01. i. F = 8 – 2x 03. moaO;sfha wdj¾; ld,h iudk jkafka l È.e;s wj,ïnhl
F = ma [Link] a wdj¾; ld,fhka wvl;a l / 4 È.e;s wj,ïnhl wdj¾;
2a = 8 – 2x ld,fhka wvl;a tl;=jghs'
a = 4–x
l
a = – (x – 4) T = 2neúka l È.e;s wj,ïnhl wdj¾; ld,h T
g
a = – x' fuys x' = x – 4
T
 kï l È.e;s wj,ïnhl wdj¾; ld,h fõ'
fuh ir, wkqj¾;sh p,s;fha ,dCIKsl iñlrKh 4 2
jk a = –2x wdldrh .kakd neúka jia;=j i' w' p' T 1 T 3
moaO;sfha wdj¾; ld,h = + × = T
^ = 1 jQ& fhfoa' 2 2 2 4
ii. iu;=,s;;d msysgqfïos lïmk flakaøfha isg uksk ÿr
A
Y=kH fõ' 04.
x' = 0
x–4 = 0 x = 4
y
A
y a
iii. 0
x'
x=0 x=4 x=x x=6 a
h
t=t t=0
A = 2 a
t = 0 oS jia;j
= ish .uka m:fha fl,jrl mej;s neúka ^1& rEmh ^2& rEmh
x' = A Cos (t)
x–4 = 2 Cos (1 × t) 2 jk rEmfhka ±lafjk idOdrK msysgqfï§ øj l| u;
x = 2 Cos (t) + 4 we;s wiu;=,s; n,h jkafka 2y Wie;s øj l|l nrhs'

iv.  = 1
uq¿ øj l|gu
2 F = ma
= 1T = 2
T A × 2y × g = A × 2h × a

02. tlu l,dfõ msysgkafka ;;amr wj,ïnh foda,kh jk

jdr .Kkg jvd ir, wj,ïnh foda,kh jk jdr
a = ( )
g
h
y

.Kk tllska jeä jQ úgh' a yd y ys ÈYd m%;súreoaO neúka

21 s l§ ;;amr wj,ïnh
foda,kh jk jdr .Kk } =


a = – ( )
g
h
y  i' w' p'

= 10.5 g  h

 21 s l§ ;;amr wj,ïnh
 =
 h
=

   
 g

foda,kh jk jdr .Kk } =

=
10.5 + 1
11.5

foda,k 11.5 lg .; jQ ld,h = 21 s


 tla foda,khlg .;jk ld,h =
11.5
= 1.82 s

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05. bc 08. iu;=,s; msysàfï isg x ÿrla
my,ska jia;j
= we;s úg lmamh
s
c x ÿrla my;a fõ' fuúg ÿkak
b
;j;a 2x ÿrla jeämqr wef|a'
a T+T
mg mg T+T T+T fuúg ÿkafka wd;;sfha isÿjQ
lmamsh ieye,a¨ jeäùu T fõ'
x a' neúka wiu;=,s;
u n,hla ke;' m g by ,g F = ma
2T+2T
F = ma u+u iu;=,s; fh§fuka"
x 2T+2T
u = ma' msysàu 2 T = ma 
a
bcxwg = abcdwa' ÿkakg F = kx_
mg T = _ k × 2x
g
a' = ( )
ad
x 
2 × ( _ k × 2x ) = ma
a' yd x ys ÈYd m%;súreoaO neúka"

a' = _
( ) g
x
a = _
( )
4k
m
x

ad
4k k 2
g 2  = = 2 =
 =
ad
=
T
m
m
m 

ad
T = 2
g  T =  k

06. 1 1
10. i. kA 2 = mV2
2 2

m m 100 × 0.22 = (9 +7) V2 V = 0.5 ms–1

ii. iu;=,s; mssysgqug <`.d jQ miQ m2 fjkajk w;r

fuu tla w¾Ohla ÿkak lg m 1 muKla ÿkak iu`. ir, wkqj¾;Sh p,s;hl
wEª jia;=jla f,i ie,lsh fhfoa' fuu p,s;fha úia:drh A1 kï"
yelsh' 1 1
m 1 k kA12 = mV2
2 2
T = 2
k  f =
2  m
100 × A12 = 9 × 0.52  A1 = 0.15 m
D2 wKqjl ialkaOh" H2 wKqjl ialkaOh fuka
fo.=Khla neúka by; f ms<sn| m%ldYkfha m ÿkak Wmßu ú;;shg ,la jkafka m1 by;
úia:drhg hk fudfydf;aÈh' fï i`oyd .; jk
fo.=K fõ' túg f  f fõ'
2 ld,h jkafka m1 isÿ lrk ir, wkqj¾;Sh
1.30 × 1014 1.30 × 1014 1
f = = p,s;fha wdj¾; ld,fhka ls'
2 1.414 4
= 9.19 × 1013 Hz m
T = 2
k  3
9
07. tla ÿkaklg n,mdk ialkaOh 6 kg fõ'

2m
 
100 
5
m 1
T = 
 k
 k =
2

by; wdj¾; ld,fhka
ÿr s kï
4
l§ m2 .uka .kakd

[Link] wdfoaYfhka s = ut
ms<s;r
= ,efí' 1 3
m = 0.5 × × = 0.2356 m
T =   k
D =
4
s – A1
5
= 0.0856 m
wdj¾; ld,h fo.=K ù we;s neúka tla ÿkaklg n,mdk
ialkaOh 4 .=Khla úh hq;=h' tneúka uq¿ ialkaOho
4 .=Khla úh hq;=h'
12 + m = 4 × 12
m = 36 kg

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 A A
11. (i) l _ h yd l okakd neúka Cos 
Vmax
weiqßka  fidhkak'
l 
fuu  fldaKh idfmalaIj
l_h l=vd neúka"
V'max
l
T = 2
g

f¾'.'i'ks' fh§fuka" h [Link] ixLHd;h fidhkak'

MVmax = (M+m) V'max 

2
Vmax = A = A × 13. úNj Yla;sh yd pd,l Yla;sh iudk jkafka ialkaOh"

m lïmk flakaøfha isg x ÿrlska we;s úg hehs is;uq'
T = 2 úNj Yla;sh yd pd,l Yla;sh iudk jkafka kï túg
k ÿkq ksh;h úNj Yla;sh" uq¿ Yla;sfhka wvla úh hq;=h' ^b;sß wv
k pd,l Yla;sh fõ&
Vmax = A
m
k k ½ k x2 = ½ × ½ k A2  x = A / 2  x = 1 / 2 cm
 MA = (M+m) A1
M M+m
m 1 k 1 1 k
1
A = A M
M+m
T = 2
 k
f =
2  
m 
=
2  0.15
 k = 0.6
m
T = 2wkqj kj wdj¾; ld,h
k uq¿ hdka;%sl Yla;sh = ½ k A2
T1 = 2 M+m = ½ × 0.6 × ( 1 × 10–2 ) 2
k = 3 × 10–5 J
(ii) A A
14. i. x
0

M
F F

0

M g" F = m a
2F = M a
m w; yeÍu M ys m:fha fl,jrl§ isÿjQfha kï t;ekÈ 2 (– k x) = M a
.uH;dj Y+kH neúka m tl;= jQ miqo t;ekÈ m%fõ.h 0 a = – ( 2k / M ) x
fõ' tkï kj moaO;sfha fl,jro uq,a moaO;sfha fl,jru
fõ' ;jo lïmk flakaøho uq,a ia:dkhu jk neúka  =  ( 2k / M )
1 2k
úia:drh fjkia fkdfõ'
m
T = 2wkqj kj wdj¾; ld,h ii.
f =  /   f = 2 
x
 m

k k1 k2
M
T1 = 2 M+m F1 F2
k

M g" F = ma
12. hdka;%sl Yla;s ixiaÓ;sh fhdod A yd .eàug fudfyd;lg
fmr B ys m%fõ.h fidhkak' F1 + F2 = M a
.egqu mQ¾K wm%;Hia: neúka .egqfuka miq A yd B tlg – ( k1 + k2 ) x = M a
wef,a'
.uH;d ixiaÓ;sh fhdod .egqñka miq moaO;sfha kj m%fõ.h
fidhkak'
a = – ( k1 + k2
M
x )
 = k1 + k2
bka miq hdka;%sl Yla;s ixiaÓ;sh fhdod A yd B kef.k
Wmßu Wi (h) fidhkak'  
M
f =

 k1 + k2
=
  M

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 tla ÿkaklg wE÷ úg"
 m
f =


 k
m
[Link]"

f1 =

 k1

 m
f2 =
  k2
(2) yd (3) ka (1) ys k1 yd k2 i|yd wdfoaY l, úg"
f = f12 + f22

MCQ
04. x, uq¿ Yla;sh nj;a z, n,h fyda ;ajrKh úh hq;= nj;a
myiqfjka y÷kd.; yelsh' ^[Link] ms<s;=r ,efí'&
ir, wkqj¾;sh p,s;fha fhfok jia;=jl ld,h iuÕ
úia:dmkfha úp,kh ihskdldr fyda fldaihskdldr úh
hq;=h'
fojk m%ia:drh we| we;af;a fldaihskdldr úp,kfha
wCI udre lrh'

05. wNHdij, 3 jk m%Yakh mßÈu fõ'

10. Vmax = A

m úia: drh fjkia l,o wdj¾; ld,h

T = 2
 k fjkia fkdjk neúka  fjkia fkdfõ'

Vmax  A

15. ;ajrKh ksh; neúka ^.=re;ajc ;ajrKh& fuh i'w'p'la

fkdfõ'

16. mx;sfha§ úiª wNHdih - 14 .eg¿j mßÈu fõ'

A
19.

mg 
mg
y a

u
u + u
F = ma
u = ma

Ayg = ma  a =
Ag
m
( ) y

a yd y ys osYd m%;súreoaO neúka

a = – ( )
Ag
m
y

Ag  m
 =
 m
=
T
   
 Ag

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