CHAPTER 21
DISPERSION AND SCATTERING OF LIGHT
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A. Fill in the Blanks
1. Splitting of white light into its component colours is called __________.
2. The band of seven colours formed by dispersion is known as __________.
3. The colour that bends the most in a prism is __________.
4. The phenomenon responsible for the formation of a rainbow is __________.
5. Scattering of light by particles smaller than the wavelength of light is called __________ scattering.
6. The blue colour of the sky is due to __________ of light.
7. The red colour of the sun at sunrise and sunset is due to __________ of shorter wavelengths.
8. In a convex lens, the colour nearest to the optical centre is __________.
9. Raman effect is a change in __________ of scattered light.
10. Lines of lower frequency in Raman spectrum are called __________ lines.
B. Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
1. The colour that bends least in a prism is:
(A) Blue (B) Green (C) Yellow (D) Red
2. The broadest spectrum is produced by a prism made of:
(A) Crown glass (B) Quartz (C) Flint glass (D) Soda glass
3. The phenomenon explaining blue colour of the sky is:
(A) Reflection (B) Dispersion (C) Scattering (D) Diffraction
4. When light enters another medium, the quantity that remains unchanged is:
(A) Speed (B) Wavelength (C) Frequency (D) Intensity
5. Stokes lines in Raman spectrum have:
(A) Higher frequency (B) Lower frequency
(C) Same frequency (D) No frequency
6. A rainbow is formed due to:
(A) Refraction only (B) Dispersion and total internal reflection
(C) Diffraction (D) Interference
7. The angular dispersion depends on:
(A) Angle of prism (B) Material of prism
(C) Refractive index difference (D) All of these
8. The secondary rainbow is:
(A) Brighter than primary
(B) Formed by single internal reflection
(C) Formed by double internal reflection
(D) Has smaller angular width
C. True or False
1. Dispersion of light occurs because different colours have different speeds in a medium.
2. Red light scatters the most in the atmosphere.
3. Violet light has the shortest wavelength.
4. Frequency of light changes when it enters another medium.
5. Flint glass has higher dispersive power than crown glass.
6. Stokes lines appear at lower frequency than the incident light.
7. Anti-Stokes lines appear due to gain of energy by the photon.
8. The spectrum produced by a prism is a continuous spectrum.
D. Match the Following
Column A Column B
1. Dispersion (a) Red colour of the sun
2. Rayleigh scattering (b) Splitting of light into colours
3. Stokes lines (c) Lower frequency lines in Raman spectrum
4. Anti-Stokes lines (d) Higher frequency lines in Raman spectrum
5. Raman effect (e) Change in wavelength of scattered light
6. Flint glass (f) High dispersive power
Answers
A. Fill in the Blanks Dispersion
1. Dispersion
2. Spectrum
3. Violet
4. Dispersion (or dispersion + refraction + total internal reflection)
5. Rayleigh
6. Scattering
7. Scattering
8. Violet
9. Frequency
10. Stokes
B. MCQs — Answer Key
1. (D) Red
2. (C) Flint glass
3. (C) Scattering
4. (C) Frequency
5. (B) Lower frequency
6. (B) Dispersion and total internal reflection
7. (D) All of these
8. (C) Formed by double internal reflection
C. True or False — Answer Key
1. True
2. False (Red scatters least; violet scatters most)
3. True
4. False (Frequency remains unchanged in any medium)
5. True
6. True
7. True
8. True
D. Match the Following — Answer Key
Column A Column B
1 → (b) Splitting of light into colours
2 → (a) Red colour of the sun
3 → (c) Lower frequency Raman lines
4 → (d) Higher frequency Raman lines
5 → (e) Change in wavelength of scattered light
6 → (f) High dispersive power