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The document outlines a competency-based undergraduate curriculum for Indian medical graduates, emphasizing the essential qualities and roles of a physician, including lifelong learning, empathy, communication skills, and ethical practices. It highlights the importance of understanding the doctor-patient relationship and the responsibilities of physicians towards society and healthcare systems. The curriculum aims to prepare students for the challenges of medical practice while fostering a commitment to excellence and continuous professional development.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
10 views40 pagesAETCOM Module
The document outlines a competency-based undergraduate curriculum for Indian medical graduates, emphasizing the essential qualities and roles of a physician, including lifelong learning, empathy, communication skills, and ethical practices. It highlights the importance of understanding the doctor-patient relationship and the responsibilities of physicians towards society and healthcare systems. The curriculum aims to prepare students for the challenges of medical practice while fostering a commitment to excellence and continuous professional development.
Uploaded by
mahornaveen12Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
Index of Competencies
Competency based Undersradunie Guan
Y based Undergraduate Curriculum for the
Indian Medical Graduate
Module 1.1: What do
F es It Mi
Competencies Addiested
The student should be able to: ;
1, Enumerate and .
ieee re and describe professional qualities and roe of a physician
scribe uss the commitment to lifelong l ‘
* apn et long learning as an important
. De
; ee at es i role of a physician in healthcare system
: ss physician's rol
deny and discus physica Le and responsibility to society and the
Module 1.2: What does it Mean to be a Patient? 7
Competencies Addressed
The student should be able to:
1. Enumerate and describe professi
2. Demonstrate empathy in patient encounters
jonal qualities and roles of a physician
octor-Patient Relationship 58
Module 1
Competencies Addressed
The student should be able to:
1. Enumerate and describe professional
trate empathy in patient encou
jations of ‘Communication 1
qualities and roles of a physician
inters
2. Demonst
82
Module 1.4: The Found
Competencies Addressed
le fo:
The student should be ab!
1. Demonstrate ability to communicate t0 P
non-threatening, eon-judgmental and. empathetic
daver as Our First Teacher
atients in a patient, respectful,
manner
9
Module 1.5: Co
Competencies
The student should b
L Demonstrate
cadavers and
the correct procedure when handling
Scanned with CamScanner What does it
Mean to be a Doctor?
Nitin Ashok John
Competencies Addressed
The student should be able to:
i ; ad ate eescbe professional qualities and roles of a physician
Dei asst ‘commitment to lifelong learning as an important
i oe a stay the role of a physician in healthcare system
Ident an i uss phynicans role and responsibility to society and the
[ Learning Objective Background we cee oa
‘The main aim of introducing this topic is to make students aware of the
profession they have chosen a their enreer their duties and responsibilities
fowards the profession and vommunity, prospective challenges they will
be exposed to during Tearning and clinical practices and their career
prospects. The students are to be trained and their thinking modulated to
Pihieve excellence in their cares! and as they proceed in their journey of
‘medical studies, they should be optimisticand charged up wih enthusiasm.
wasteam and adapt the clinical oPMimen and Skil so as to achieve the est
i] medical professional examinations, postgraduate
touch the skies.
performance in a
éntrance, postgraduate ‘studies and moreover aiming high to
‘The gist of the Jearnin stand the need of adequate
medical ‘knowledge, skills and clinical acumen and acquiring, noble virtues
and characteristics of selflessness, caring attitude, generosity, dedication
and devotion towards patient to become ‘euccessful doctors.
INTRODUCTION
is a noble and one of the most sought-after
is fession
The medical Fi ide, Many of the students nurture the desire to
careers WOM!
1
eee
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2
4.
. Ethical
and legal codes of conduct: A responsible doctor
. Personal attributes: He is kind, compassionate, accommodative,
. Practices pertainin;
. Avoids publ
sincerity, devotion, dedicati
\y iicatic
sense of responsibility and read
positive happenin,
applying medical
Commitment, selfless service,
Jiness for accountability for th
18 ot negative mishaps while he/she is
owledge and skills in treating patients.
act ‘incij i
ee een of informed consent and confidentiality in
Een sense in his/her healthcare delivery. He/sehas adequate
a =of medico-Legal, societal ethical and humanitarian
Looe and Beene healthcare. Thus, to conclude he/she
oe = ble to manage ethical and professional conflicts
ase eter legal codes of conduct and practices
humanistic, honest, a better listener towards his/her patient's
misery, and provides peace, solace and confidence to the
patient for his/her speedy recovery.
Knowledge and skills: A good doctor shall use all their wits
and knowledge, employing all their clinical acumen and skills
in saving patient's health and imparting new life.
g, to specialization: A good doctor limits
his/her practice to skills and specialization achieved by him/
her and tenable as per medical council, government body and
health mission guidelines. Never indulge in any medical
practices outside his/her domain. He/she is ready to seek
second opinion on request of his/her patients.
i 4 intains his/her
Professional conduct: A good doctor maint z
conduct towards his/her patients, his/her professional
colleagues and community as per professional conduct of
noble and dignifis
ied approach as recommended py Code of
Ethics recommended by Medical Council of India.
ity: A good doctor is
humble and believes in
publicity. He /she does not use pees of
for publicity of his/her clinical practices, ¢-8-
any media
Scanned with CamScanner distribution of pamphlets, advertising through TV channel,
radio services, etc.
essary
nt referrals: A good doctor never makes unneg
Releres for investigations or opinion unless Condition
veferyats need in true sense. He/she can identify noes ann
rer patient who needs specialized or advanced tertiary cate,
Growth of the medical profession: A good doctoris«
* to the growth of the medical profession b
services to patient and society.
-
2°
-ommit
y his/her selfless
uate knowledge of disease and heal
ae aca doctor has adequate knowled
physiology and pathology of human body e
system especially pertaining to its cellul;
basis and can differentiate between its
and social perspective. A good doct
diagnose and interpret investigative d.
patient's problems.
theare delivery,
Se of anatom;
specially its orgay
lar and biochee
clinical, behavioural
for can differentially
lata in order to address
11. Participation in national and re;
A good doctor has adequate knowledge of national and
regional healthcare policies and modes to impart an
economically viable and effective Ppatient-oriented healthcare,
12. Communication skills: A good doctor is an excellent
communicator and elicits history of disease from patient /and
or his/her relatives; a history that is complete in all aspects
and helps to easily diagnose the disease and this is immensely
helpful in patient’s management,
13. Practices with caution and care: A good doctor maintains
accurate, detailed and appropriate records of the patient
treated by them in order to facilit:
ate follow-up management
and if required in cases of medical litigation and administrative
frameworks.
gional healthcare program:
14,
Altruism: A good doctor shall ensure patients interest over
self; especially their wishes in reference to preferred line of
management. Any error by omission or commission as part
of altruism must be disclosed to patient and medical hospital
authorities as a noble
practice methodology which otherwise
is not usually done.
Thus, a good doctoris one who is successful in disease prevent,
health promotion and cure, pain and distress alleviation, an |
to impart safe rehabilitation and palliative services.
——
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es It Mean to =
'be a Doct
7 JALITIES OF A GOOD DOCTOR ”
* A good doctor is cari
caring i
Comfortin; aioe
ae 5, compassionate an
Comforting, Assuring, alleviating patleavat = a
‘isery with
SUMMARY: au,
Listening, accor
;, accommodati
peace and confidence”
Being humanisti,
ic, honest, practici
bears fruitful concordance: NE confidentiality i practices
Nurture sense
ense of hope, confi
5 1 c
renewing a revive. Iper confidence,
« e
‘omforting, energizing patient with
recovery, rejuvenation,
Using all his/her clinic.
health imparting 1 re and skills in saving patient’s
Imbibe with k i
eee pees optimism, persuasive nature and
Selflessly serving si i i
: g sick and destitut i i
Seine! cee San — tute with all his/her might,
Thus, a student of today will be the doctor of tomorrow and
he/she should maintain the dignity and higher standard of attitude,
behaviour and ethical practices as a part of this noble profession.
COMMITMENT OF LIFELONG LEARNING—AN IMPORTANT PART
OF A PHYSICIAN’S GROWTH
INTRODUCTION as
The medical physician hasa lifelong commitment eee
uires knowledge and skills over the years as
and he/she Fea i Hence by his/her quest and inner
lative effect achieving exce h nd inner
Save| 3 cate Team and adapt the advances in the medical fed
especially in his/her speciality of practice. This philosophy 0
continuous lifelong learning of doctors helps in improving
fective healthcare delivery. =
. sfelong learning initiative: “Lifelong leaming isthe
pages tential by ‘acontinuously
progression and development of human po c
supportive process which empowers and pI
in acquirin:
person in acq! full
so as to success d changing envit Ne oa!
s Sie arcumstances an : tices”.
= aris het uri in the profession he/she pret
course 0)
Definitio
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esos AND SCOPE
=
@ key Points —
_—_—_— —
int of their knowledge and skills: Ino,
sf-assessme eae
1. For selasrjgvances in medical field the doctors re i tok pace aaa
wh esos im prac by dficulty andl ease they ace thet stengh 8. For employin
ang weagement of clinical cases and thus they are able or diagnosis concept ath
objective Belfassessment of their knowledge and skills ae ae an for heakthcar
abject petus to continue learning and updating and y nd this gives sels availa
ther a nowledge and skills and thus they acquire new Perec thei patients’ he
2, For employing gained knowledge in clinical practice: Anedil Banfi
Fiysielan employs his/her gained knowledge and skis in ream arent
emragement of patients. Thus, it reflects their potential of ino in elie
manetitization of experiences, in promoting and enhancement fie MAT
personal knowledge and thereby enhancing their professional ond Fee
and learning. Brow _ this rele
3. For keeping update with recent advances: The doctors empl Ky
rothnigires in updating their knowledge and these include particaton IMPORTAN
continue medical education program, seminars and s\
continue ee specialty, atencing and presenting paperin contra
advarcfsjal media and Medlar Medline online libraries search engines
trintenet browsing, reading atestjourals and books, and akoby enclia
iP ghortterm of long-term medical academic programs run by univer
health organizations
4. For choosing a career pathway: A characteristic tat of lifelong leaming
ror Cedieal education eventually helps in to recognize and choose a
Site career pathway which shall be professionally rewarding and
personally fulfilling histher academic goals.
5. For employing the changed dynamics of the patient healthcare: The
advancement in scientific technology and innovations (example:
siya dicine and employing artificial intelligence) makes it essential for
physicians (doctors) to upgrade to understand and imbibe the change
dynamics of the patient healthcare and its delivery.
6. For matching local area healthcare needs: The physicians also must match CON
the local area healthcare needs depending on the disease prevalent in aa
those areas, as well they should be aware of innovation in machinery te
methodology of investigative protocols and modified treatment regime man
of diseases, and state and nation’s legistative initiatives (applicable laws, aa
consumer protection acts) and therefore arise the need and necessity of au
constant lifelong updating of knowledge for physician. a leat
7, For effective communication and discussion with fellow sos wit
Treatment in chain—the treatment protocol ofa chain of doctors be roast Ka
in managementas seen in multispeciality hospitals (physician nsiOUs re
cardiologist, radiologist, pathologist, etc.) makes doctors pes Seta) _
to keep update with knowledge of the day, as the
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SEE
What does i
3 it Mean to
be a Doctor? J
re ea
interacting with
n ith each oth
SReeaRS with each other for etective hes
iahetarctmelt Secntectne halt pris hn ae
Ra F ssment more ne Roca
ain and canis auaton has ths warranted need by phy victan
fan np ane nmi sd pt
9. For updating wit n
Pei sicat ee chenatas areca nas and ethics: The ethics guideli
in elinical practices ae constantly upgraded and amended carpe!
Pare esical termination of pregnancy) Ac. Organ Donation et ete]
hence It has bs for physicians to update their knowledge in
ipoRANcE
lifelong learning reflects person’s behaviour and personality: An optimistic
petson always seeks for knowledge and being self-motivated enhances
is/her knowledge and skills; as his/her personality traits are so.
his is an important mode of
ior professionals,
2) Self-learning or learning at workpla:
active interactive learning by discussing with your seni
peers and supervisors.
3. It helps in personal car‘ erformance appraisals
eer progression through p
asa very appropriate
From colleagues: This stands
by superiors and inputs
ae ecement for self-improvement unless some workplace Biases exist in
organization.
2: It helps in making sensible
dd practice and learning
lysing the choicest patient
rable via research evidences and
oriented evidence with patient-
4, Evidence-base
meta-analysis.
decisions by anal
centred care avail:
CONCLUSION
in confidence in practice, moreovet
Li Jearning helps to 84 tice :
The apntication of aay gained knowledge a eae ae 7
i ie ver
managing PaUent 2 re ped helene de
i b d studied by the lifelong progressive
are ician’s moral is higher if he/she is well verse
ae uuide the work-force under ni
id commitment. He/she may also Pee ly
ment and jnnovation in reference to mac inery
hee ques in patient's management.
Scanned with CamScanner ‘AETCOM Manual
The phy sician’s primary role is to treat and m is
The Pi his/her patients, relatives and the manage diseases heap
(i Rational health programsand staff parcpa
nd prophylaxis management especially utes towards
£ spreading of communicable diseases Tema
inimplemen'
reventive a:
and prevention o!
@ key Points
yeas team leader: The physician has multiple
potger and plays a diverse role in coonlinung angen 38 team
ves municating, supervising, and imparting Miouies heal
2, Treatment and management of disease: The principal ole of i:
Treatment and managing the disease of hisher patients. Physician
Higher role is of
rimary heath canes ali
cect secondary (at district level hospitals) and tertiary Teak
seeveipalty and city hospitals referral centres) settings. care
44 Role in health education: The physician's role as health educators of
pene importance a hrshe provides knowledge and helps in tapas
rll a the work force (paramedics, nurses, technicians, rmulipurpie
th eo) and other members of the medical healthcare team and
sorter in maximizing the potential work output indie helping
providing best medical healthcare.
cmoter of health economics and of social entrepreneur: The
“utilizes the healthcare system and
effective manner in concurrence
thus ensures economically
tage of government
3.
Role as pr
physician while serving the society,
health delivery in an appropriate, cost-
with the national healthcare policies and
Viable healthcare delivery preventing was
expenditures.
6. Role in generating healthcare data: The physician’
on ability to collect, analyse and utilize health data an
effectively. A physician may conduct sulle ‘and community-based
statistical research to evaluate benefits of healthcare delivery, similarly these
data may serve as information for planning future healthcare strategies:
3 5 4 " é a
7. Role in prevention of diseases: The physician employs preventive ban
strategies to prevent spreading (communi of diseases
community. He/she promotes and recomme
5 services are based
1d available statistics
ges in
management of diseases. aoa
8. Rolein improving qual ity of life and lifespa : The phn helt
therapeutic, curative, preventive and rehabilitative a ean spat
burden in community, and thereby improves human qu:
‘What coest ma
9. Role in managemen
‘may be liethreatenine
eaten an
sateen
sin epidemics,
10. Role asa behavioural the
‘with humanistic approsct
buildngintatinpoen
tin patent
cance
approachhisens eco
(aba medial pacttonn
stands as behavioural th
11. Rolein building
profes
The professionalism in
tics establishes high
towards doctors wit
thus establishing me
412. Role as trainers o
‘community: The ph
as service hospitals
delivery. This 0
113. Role as authorita
‘continue lifelong
are looked fore
practice for dag
seeking consult
14, Participation in
inimplementin
as family wel
national progr
fcpatng:
servicesinsh
provider NC
16. Role in cha
inscienttic
artificial i
vunderstan
and its d¢
47, Provides
also mw
disease
of inves!
state 2
Protect
15.
Scanned with CamScanner 10. Role as a behavi
with humanistic snare neranist in community:
IC approach (treatin,
ating with compassion and car
om this has found tobe fective fh doelnea
Se in patient, thus this tbchaviourat
appr nse is doctor-patient trustin commu
Fe retical pectunr ercanaeirenee cman ein
«janes tora thepy approach in community-based healthcare
by "8 Professionalism and ony
eolclal P and respect towards doct i
Ge etesionalism in practices by doctors suchas abiding by codes of
es high ethical standards and this helps in looking forwards
‘The physician practicing,
approach hastens recovery,
N Cater: towards it
as tering a : a ne ‘with respect, trust and confidence by community members
atv lags os ing medical profession at high esteem in the community.
are ft - Role as trainers of present and future generation of doctors for
cummin ve The physicians provide on job training in teaching as well
vice hospitals thus are developing manforce for future healthcare
tor j i ‘
it } delivery. This also helps in improving the standard of patient care.
ae 13. Role as authoritative sources on clinical standards: The physicians
Purpose continue lifelong learning to update their medical knowledge thus they
am and are looked forward as authoritative sources on clinical standards and
ping in| practice for diagnosis and management by the community members for
seeking consultation if required.
ur: The 14, Participation in national healthcare program: The physician participates
milan] in implementing various national healthcare programs in community such
rena as family welfare program, national tuberculosis management program,
national program for prevention of malaria, leprosy, tuberculosis, et.
nicall
mand 15. Participating as social workers: The physician especially provides honorary
services in shelter homes, home for the aged, sums, prison, oF asa health
based provider NGO, etc. and thus provides social service to the community.
st i i i i The advancement
isti 16. Role in changing dynamics of the patient healthcare: The a e
aa in scientific technology and innovations (e.g, telemedicine ‘and employing
re antificial intelligence) makes it essential for physicians to upgrade to
nes understand and imbibe the changed dynamics of the patient healthcare
Bic and its delivery. =A
SA 17. Provides services matching local area healthcare pee The
fh also must match the local area healthcare needs depe f
i i anmovation in machinery methodology
uy i valent in those areas, innovation in mach
Sica deste protocols and modified treatment regime of dese
jing te and nations legislative initiatives (applicable laws,
ins
lth Protection Acts).
an.
Scanned with CamScanner ‘AETCOM Manual
Note: The students should note that the ‘Role
Mien” and ‘Role of physician towards ‘ole of Physician in heath,
2ronymous, and in the next topic Physician's Scene a
letely discuss
Snr nsyher role in society and towards community, ed ‘Wnot door wc
[Link] tus
Contre, ace ma
approach hastens reese
mmenbers Gs a medeat
the society stands asbehavig
healthcare, -
9. Role in building profes
community The tes
abiding by codes of ethic
helps in looking fora
confidence by commun
Thigh esteem inthe comm
40. Role as trainers of pr
‘community: The phys
as service hospitals th
delivery. This also he
41. Role as scholar and
| ROLE OF A PHYSICIAN TOWARDS SOCIETY AND COMMUNITY
@ key Poins wna
“The principal role play’
are as below:
1. Medical ext rt: The physician’s primar i
nthe society. Phe identifies fee eieg tweating the
patnijuices accordingly. He may advice the institutions ihe eaten
and state regarding required intervention in community health th bots
a. Health communicator at community level: Role in health aaa
Tehhysician’s role as educator is of prime importance as fe peti
ine evge and helps in sharpening the skills of the ea
-force
led by the physician towards society and com
unity
iharamedics, nurses, technicians, multipurpose workers,
embers of the medical healthcare team and this ee and ot earning to updatethe
43, Role as collaborator at community level: The phy eS
|: The physician should regular
ke a gularly ‘and management
woe CME, conierences and workshop and should exchange knowledge sardine
‘and physician can’
aera ll gained with professional colleagues repionally and national
4, Role as community administrator and social entrepreneur: The physician to local/state adm
Pole serving the society, utilizes the healthcare system and health
delivery in an appropriate, cost-effective manne! in concurrence with
the national healthcare policies and thus ensures ‘economically viable i
healthcare delivery preventing wastage ‘of government expenditures, 1, Discuss the f
5. Role as planner for future healthcare strategies in society: The physician's 2. Discuss the
health analytics are based on ability to collect, analyse and utilize health ‘by physicia
data and available statistics ‘effectively. A physician may conduct suey 3, Discuss the
and community-based Statistical research to evaluate benefits of 1, Discussth
healthcare delivery, similarly these data may serve as information for De
planning future healthcare strategies jin the society.
6. Role associal and preventive medicine cA provider: Thephysicanerplons
preventive measure strategies to prevent spreading (communicating) o 4, What
diseases in the community. Heyshe promotes and recommends lifestyl® owas
Changes in management of diseases: f : ata
7. Role in improving quality of life and lifespan of community: The if a
employs preventive measure strategies to prevent spreading Com Teste ae
of diseases in the community, Hajshe promotes and recom 5, Dise
igement of diseases. a pact 6 -
changes in mana eee
vioural therapist jn community: re Pl helps.
8. Role asa pee roach Treating with compassion and a0
with humanistic app’
Scanned with CamScanner building-in trust a
ishas found tobe ef
appro 3€ effective in develoy
proach hastens wee SI hope patent thus steko
9. Role in buildi
7 ing professionali
community: TI ssionalism and re
abiding by plato Professionalism in vd aaapect towards doctor
helps in lool ing aoe establishes high ethical standods aches
= - sar id this
confidence by community 1 towards doctors with respect, trust and
high esteem in the Commins thus establishing medical profession
10. Role as trai)
rainers of present and future generation of doctors for
community: The i "
ere ice eae provide on job training in teaching as well
eo fe developing man-force for future healthcare
oss ah cn also helps in improving the standard of patient care.
Recs poo an health advocate: The physicians continue lifelong,
learning to update their medical knowledge, thus they are looked forward
ee /e sources on clinical standards and practice for diagnosis
management by the community members for seeking consultation if
required. The patient may approach a physician with local health issue
and physician can work as health advocate to convey community request
to locaV/state administration.
1.
Assignments for Evaluation
1. Discuss the professional qualities of physician.
2. Discuss the need, scope and importance of lifelong learning
by physician.
3, Discuss the role of physician towards healthcare delivery.
4, Discuss the role of physician towards society and community.
Short Answer Questions
4, What are the qualities of a good doctor?
2. Enlist qualities of a good phy _
3, Enlist importance for lifelong learning by the physician.
; tor.
4. Discuss the lifel ies for a doctor.
ist.
5, Discuss the role of a p! al therapi
hysician as a behaviour. 7
ew national health programs in which a physician 1
d to participate.
ysician.
ong learning methodologi
6. Enlist f
expecte!
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brought in si
py the healthcar
specialties recognize ‘d
and treatment, takes a different
Perspect,
Pectiyg
eEevance to diagnosis
tine clinical practice.
Itheare system thal
In our heal
e world, the im
"AETCOM Manual
EMPATHY IN PATIENT ENCOUNTERS
pact of advances in mi
‘cations in the eee ine hy
Gradually, as members of a
iv
~ eithe!
jour inte’
40 60}
infor
ificant impli
e givers: |
ize th
e clinical, tse
‘ethical and societal attitud
les,
yur patients, the communication skills and
tir
=
ae facilitate or con
sgrity and con
nsider all the
mation may
Wayehosecial and et
peyiged to formul
neswiduals, mem
‘What d
t rewards procedures more
STUDENT'S. ROLE
talking ae os
required for effective counsellins roviding, inf i
‘Ganpathetic’ attitude towards achieving 1S ons goal sa Clinical empathy
© A rational framework is required from student i eeanement OO
incorporate these attitudes among re dical professional to 4am tions ae
incor pore nnectedness between the pationt and dowor Soe medical ai
fave now proved that competency ant an only proved by al Seon
(qualifications butby their‘warmth’ nF seaplayed to their pa thet doctor oe eo
i ae Patients, ‘to make the co
Anintegral part of this training for medical students would in while traini
teaching and training them the essentials of good eae puild a founds
tile, rapport building and exercises ‘which allow them to ie bajate to the |
on the ate scenario of patient-doctor interaction. can imbibe |
mpathy is often defined as an individual capaci i programs