Class 12 Computer Science (CBSE)
50 Important Viva Questions with Answers + Python Practical Programs
Q1. What is Python?
Ans: Python is a high-level, interpreted, object-oriented programming language.
Q2. Name two features of Python.
Ans: Simple syntax and platform independent.
Q3. What is a variable?
Ans: A variable is a named memory location used to store data.
Q4. Difference between list and tuple.
Ans: List is mutable, tuple is immutable.
Q5. What is a dictionary?
Ans: Dictionary stores data in key-value pairs.
Q6. What is file handling?
Ans: File handling is used to store data permanently in files.
Q7. Difference between read() and readline().
Ans: read() reads full file, readline() reads one line.
Q8. What is exception handling?
Ans: It handles runtime errors using try-except blocks.
Q9. What is a function?
Ans: A function is a block of reusable code.
Q10. What is recursion?
Ans: A function calling itself is called recursion.
Q11. What is DBMS?
Ans: DBMS is software used to manage databases.
Q12. What is RDBMS?
Ans: RDBMS stores data in tables with relations.
Q13. What is a table?
Ans: Table stores data in rows and columns.
Q14. What is primary key?
Ans: Primary key uniquely identifies a record.
Q15. What is foreign key?
Ans: Foreign key links two tables.
Q16. What is normalization?
Ans: Process of reducing data redundancy.
Q17. What is SQL?
Ans: SQL is Structured Query Language.
Q18. What is SELECT command?
Ans: Used to fetch data from table.
Q19. What is WHERE clause?
Ans: Used to apply condition.
Q20. Difference between DELETE and DROP.
Ans: DELETE removes records, DROP deletes table.
Q21. What is UPDATE command?
Ans: Used to modify records.
Q22. What is ORDER BY?
Ans: Sorts records.
Q23. What is GROUP BY?
Ans: Groups records.
Q24. What is aggregate function?
Ans: Function that performs calculation on data.
Q25. Name aggregate functions.
Ans: SUM, AVG, COUNT, MAX, MIN.
Q26. What is MySQL?
Ans: MySQL is an RDBMS.
Q27. What is cursor?
Ans: Cursor executes SQL commands.
Q28. What is commit()?
Ans: Saves changes permanently.
Q29. What is fetchone()?
Ans: Fetches one record.
Q30. What is fetchall()?
Ans: Fetches all records.
20 Important Python Practical Programs
Program to add two numbers
a = int(input("Enter first number: "))
b = int(input("Enter second number: "))
print("Sum =", a + b)
Program to check even or odd
n = int(input("Enter number: "))
if n % 2 == 0:
print("Even")
else:
print("Odd")
Program to find factorial
n = int(input("Enter number: "))
fact = 1
for i in range(1, n+1):
fact *= i
print("Factorial =", fact)
Program to check palindrome
s = input("Enter string: ")
if s == s[::-1]:
print("Palindrome")
else:
print("Not Palindrome")
Program to count vowels
s = input("Enter string: ")
count = 0
for ch in s:
if [Link]() in 'aeiou':
count += 1
print("Vowels =", count)
Program to write data into file
f = open("[Link]", "w")
[Link]("Welcome to Class 12")
[Link]()
Program to read data from file
f = open("[Link]", "r")
print([Link]())
[Link]()
Program using function
def add(a, b):
return a + b
print(add(5, 3))
Program using recursion
def fact(n):
if n == 0:
return 1
else:
return n * fact(n-1)
print(fact(5))
Program to search element in list
lst = [10, 20, 30, 40]
x = int(input("Enter element: "))
if x in lst:
print("Found")
else:
print("Not Found")
Program to create dictionary
d = {"Roll":1, "Name":"Amit"}
print(d)
Program to connect Python with MySQL
import [Link]
con = [Link](host="localhost", user="root", password="root", database="school")
cur = [Link]()
[Link]("SELECT * FROM student")
for row in cur:
print(row)
[Link]()
Program to insert record using MySQL
[Link]("INSERT INTO student VALUES (1,'Amit',90)")
[Link]()
Program to update record
[Link]("UPDATE student SET marks=95 WHERE roll=1")
[Link]()
Program to delete record
[Link]("DELETE FROM student WHERE roll=1")
[Link]()
Program to use fetchone()
[Link]("SELECT * FROM student")
print([Link]())
Program to use fetchall()
[Link]("SELECT * FROM student")
print([Link]())
Program to count list elements
lst = [1,2,3,4,5]
print(len(lst))
Program to sort list
lst = [4,2,1,3]
[Link]()
print(lst)
Program to find largest number
a = int(input("Enter a: "))
b = int(input("Enter b: "))
c = int(input("Enter c: "))
print(max(a,b,c))