Mathematics for Data Science 2
Professor Sarang S. Sane
Department of Mathematics,
Indian Institute of Technology Madras
Mr. Subhajit Chanda
Course Instructor,
Indian Institute of Technology Madras Online Degree Program
Tutorial 05
Application of vector addition and scalar multiplication: working with some large data set
(Refer Slide Time: 00:14)
Hello. So in this video we will see an application of vector addition and scalar multiplication. So
where we will consider some large dataset and we will how we can apply vector addition and
scalar multiplication which you have learned in this Week 1.
(Refer Slide Time: 00:31)
So let us take this dataset where in the left hand side we have airlines and in the right hand side we
have safety scores. These safety scores is basically an indicator whether the airline is safe or not.
So it depends on the number of accidents and number of fatalities occurred in those accidents. And
so where in column one we are taking time period from 1985 to 1999 and in the second column
we are taking the time period from 2000 to 2014.
And in the third column we are seeing the combined. So let us denote this as 𝐶3 . So in column one
there are some entries 𝑉1 , 𝑉2 , 𝑉3 and so on and in column two there are some entries like W1, W2,
W3 and so on. So when we are adding 𝐶1 and 𝐶2 , we are basically adding coordinate wise that
means 𝑉1+𝑊1 , 𝑉2+𝑊2 , 𝑉3+𝑊3 and so on, which we have seen in the lecture. And what 𝐶3
represents, 𝐶3 represent is the average of 𝐶1 and 𝐶2 .
So 𝐶3 is nothing but half of 𝑉1 +𝑊1 . This will be in the first row, half of 𝑉2 +𝑊2 will be in the
second row. So this is the scalar multiplication. This is the scalar. And we are multiplying with the
entry in the first row which is 𝑉1+𝑊1 . This is the scalar half and we are multiplying it with the
vector, with the entry 𝑉2+𝑊2 which is in the second row. That is how we are computing 𝐶3 .
(Refer Slide Time: 02:32)
It is difficult to do it by hand. So what we are doing, so we can use this excel sheet to find the
entries. So this column is denoted as 𝐵 here in the excel sheet and this column is denoted as 𝐶 in
the excel sheet. So what we have done here, you can see that we are taking 𝐵3, sum of 𝐵3 and 𝐶3 .
𝐵3 is this one because this is the third row.
First two row are used for this naming of this column. So we are starting from the third row. So
we are taking sum of 𝐵3 and 𝐶3 and we write it here and similarly this will be sum of 𝐵4 and 𝐶4 ,
this will be sum of 𝐵5 and 𝐶5 and so on. And then if we just scalar, the if we just multiply these
entries with half, which is a scalar in real number basically, then we will get this column, the
combined column.
So that is how you can see that using this vector addition which eventually we will use in
programming then it will be easier to work with this large dataset or even you can use this excel
sheet what I am using here to calculate the sum of two vectors, large vectors basically or calculating
the scalar multiplication of those large vector. Thank you.