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2.virtual Memory

Virtual memory is a memory management technique that allows a system to handle more processes than the available RAM by using secondary storage as an extension of RAM. It creates an illusion of additional memory by swapping pages of data between RAM and storage, which can lead to issues like disk thrashing if not managed properly. Solutions to mitigate thrashing include increasing physical RAM or using SSDs instead of HDDs.

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3 views3 pages

2.virtual Memory

Virtual memory is a memory management technique that allows a system to handle more processes than the available RAM by using secondary storage as an extension of RAM. It creates an illusion of additional memory by swapping pages of data between RAM and storage, which can lead to issues like disk thrashing if not managed properly. Solutions to mitigate thrashing include increasing physical RAM or using SSDs instead of HDDs.

Uploaded by

talalakbar67official
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

14/04/2025

Virtual Memory

Why use of Virtual Memory

 Memory Management find problem when processes are out of RAM (Main
Memory)
 It can cause crash of the system
 To execute a program, data is loaded into memory from HDD (or SSD)
whenever required.
 Some programs do require more RAM than already available in system
 To make work, system maps a Virtual Memory (working as extra RAM) in the
secondary storage device (HDD, SSD)
 RAM is the physical memory,
 While virtual memory is RAM + swap space on the hard disk or SSD.

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14/04/2025

Without Virtual Memory

 If a system wants to process 5 tasks and RAM have only 4 memory locations to
load the data

 The last process is not able to load in the memory causing crash to system

With Virtual Memory

 It makes the RAM larger that a system can handle any number of processes
 A storage space in HDD will be allocated for RAM to store processes (Pages) if
the storage space in RAM is full.

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14/04/2025

With Virtual Memory


 Virtual Memory gives illusion that still memory is available
 The oldest process in RAM will be moved to Virtual Memory, so that a new
process will be loaded in RAM

Virtual Memory (Paging)

 A process stores in Virtual Memory is known as Page


 A page is a fixed-length consecutive (or contiguous) block of data utilized in virtual
memory systems
 To load a page in RAM from Virtual Memory is known as Swapping
 a problem in a hard disk drive (HDD) caused by excessive swapping in and out
of data causing a high rate of head movements during virtual memory
operations this cause Disk Thrashing
 A point can be reached when the execution of a process comes to a halt since
the system is so busy moving data in and out of memory rather than doing any
actual execution – this is known as the thrash point
 Disk Thrashing can be reduced by installing more RAM (physical Memory) or
reducing number of processes to be start in a system
 We can use SSD instead of HDD to reduce Disk Thrashing

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