EX.
NO:01
FIND THE SUM, AVERAGE, AND STANDARD DEVIATION
DATE:
AIM:
To write a C program to find the sum, average, and standard deviation for a
given set of numbers.
ALGORITHM:
STEP 1: Start the program.
STEP 2: Read how many numbers n you want to process.
STEP 3: Read the n numbers from the user.
STEP 4: Compute the sum of the numbers.
STEP 5: Find the average = avg=sum/(float)n.
STEP 6: Find the standard deviation using:
variance=varsum/(float)n
stddev=sqrt(variance)
STEP 7: Display the sum, average, and standard deviation.
STEP 8: Stop the program.
CODING:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<math.h>
void main()
{
float x[50];
int i,n;
float sum=0,avg,variance,stddev,d,varsum=0;
printf("\n Enter number of values\n");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("\n Enter the values\n");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
scanf("%f",&x[i]);
sum=sum+x[i];
}
avg=sum/(float)n;
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
d=x[i]-avg;
varsum=varsum+pow(d,2);
}
variance=varsum/(float)n;
stddev=sqrt(variance);
printf("\n Sum =%.2f",sum);
printf("\n Average =%.2f",avg);
printf("\n Standard Deviation =%.2f",stddev);
getch();
}
OUTPUT
RESULT:
Thus the above program has been executed successfully.
AIM:
[Link]
GENERATE N PRIME NUMBERS
DATE:
To write a C program to generate the first n prime numbers.
ALGORITHM:
STEP 1: Start the program.
STEP 2: Read the value of n (how many prime numbers to generate).
STEP 3: Initialize a counter (count = 0) and a number (num = 2).
STEP 4: Repeat until count equals n:
Check if num is prime:
A number is prime if it is divisible only by 1 and itself.
If num is prime, display it and increment count.
Increment num by 1.
STEP 5: Stop the program.
CODING:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int i, num, n, count;
clrscr();
printf("Enter the range: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
printf("The prime numbers in between the range 1 to %d:",n);
for(num = 1;num<=n;num++)
{
count = 0;
for(i=2;i<=num/2;i++)
{
if(num%i==0)
{
count++;
break;
}
}
if(count==0 && num!= 1)
printf("%d ",num);
}
getch();
}
OUTPUT:
Enter the range:50
The prime numbers in between the range 1 to 50:
2 3 5 7 11 13 17 19 23 29 31 37 41 43 47
RESULT:
Thus the above program has been executed successfully.
[Link]
FIBONACCI SERIES
DATE:
AIM:
To write a C program to generate the Fibonacci series up to n terms.
ALGORITHM:
STEP 1: Start the program.
STEP 2: Read how many terms n you want in the Fibonacci series.
STEP 3: Initialize the first two terms:
first = 0
second = 1
STEP 4: Display the first two terms.
STEP 5: Use a loop to generate the remaining terms:
next = first + second
Print next
Update: first = second, second = next.
STEP 6: Stop the program.
CODING:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int i, n;
int t1 = 0, t2 = 1;
int nextTerm = t1 + t2;
clrscr();
printf("Enter the number of terms: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
printf("Fibonacci Series: ") ;
if(n==1)
printf("%d",t1);
else if(n>1)
printf("%d, %d, ", t1, t2);
else
printf("Enter number greater than 0");
for (i = 3; i <= n; i++)
{
printf("%d, ", nextTerm);
t1 = t2;
t2 = nextTerm;
nextTerm = t1 + t2;
}
getch();
}
OUTPUT:
Enter the number of terms: 6
Fibonacci Series: 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5,
RESULT:
Thus the above program has been executed successfully.
[Link]
NUMBERS IN ASCENDING ORDER
DATE:
AIM :
To write a C program to sort a given set of numbers in ascending order.
ALGORITHM :
STEP 1: Start the program.
STEP 2: Read how many numbers n you want to sort.
STEP 3: Read n numbers into an array.
STEP 4: Use a simple sorting method (Bubble Sort):
Repeat for i = 0 to n-2
For j = 0 to n-i-2
If arr[j] > arr[j+1], swap them.
STEP 5: Display the numbers after sorting.
STEP 6: Stop the program.
CODING:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a[10],n,i,j,temp;
clrscr();
printf("How many elements? ");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("Enter the elements\n");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
printf("Sorted elements are\n");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
for(j=i+1;j<n;j++)
{
if(a[i]>a[j])
{
temp=a[i];
a[i]=a[j];
a[j]=temp;
}
}
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
printf("%d\n",a[i]);
getch();
}
Output:
How many elements? 5
Enter the elements
Sorted elements are
5
RESULT:
Thus the above program has been executed successfully.
[Link]
COUNT THE NUMBER OF VOWELS IN A GIVEN SENTENCE
DATE:
AIM:
To write a C program to count the number of vowels in a given sentence.
ALGORITHM:
STEP 1: Start the program.
STEP 2: Read a sentence from the user.
STEP 3: Initialize a counter count = 0.
STEP 4: Traverse each character of the sentence:
o If the character is a vowel (a, e, i, o, u or A, E, I, O, U), increment
count.
STEP 5: Display the total number of vowels.
STEP 6: Stop the program.
CODING:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
char str[100];
int i,count=0;
clrscr();
printf("Enter the sentence to count vowels:");
gets(str);
for(i=0;str[i]!='\0';i++)
{
if(str[i]=='a'||str[i]=='e'||str[i]=='i'||str[i]=='o'||str[i]=='u'||str[i]=='A'||
str[i]=='E'
||str[i]=='I'||str[i]=='O'||str[i]=='U')
{
count++;
}
}
printf("\nNumber of vowels in given sentence: %d\n",count);
getch();
}
OUTPUT:
Enter the sentence to count vowels: This is a program to count vowels
Number of vowels in given sentence: 10
RESULT:
Thus the above program has been executed successfully.
[Link]
DATE: STORE AND DISPLAY EMPLOYEE DETAIL
AIM:
To write a C++ program using a class to store and display employee details
like Employee Number, Employee Name, Department, Basic Pay, Salary, and
Grade.
ALGORITHM:
STEP 1: Start the program.
STEP 2: Create a class Employee.
STEP 3: Define data members: Employee Number, Employee Name,
Department, Basic, Salary, and Grade.
STEP 4: Create member functions:
getData() → to input employee details.
displayData() → to display employee details.
STEP 5: In main(), create an object of the class.
STEP 6: Call getData() to read values from the user.
STEP 7: Call displayData() to print the details.
STEP 8: Stop the program.
CODING:
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
class Employee
{
int number;
char name[30], department[20], grade[5];
float basic, salary;
public:
void getData()
{
cout << "Enter Employee Number: ";
cin >> number;
cout << "Enter Employee Name: ";
cin >> name;
cout << "Enter Department: ";
cin >> department;
cout << "Enter Basic Pay: ";
cin >> basic;
cout << "Enter Salary: ";
cin >> salary;
cout << "Enter Grade: ";
cin >> grade;
}
void displayData()
{
cout << "\n--- Employee Details ---\n";
cout << "Employee Number : " <<number << endl;
cout << "Employee Name : " << name << endl;
cout << "Department : " << department << endl;
cout << "Basic Pay : " << basic << endl;
cout << "Salary : " << salary << endl;
cout << "Grade : " << grade << endl;
}
};
void main()
{
Employee emp;
[Link]();
[Link]();
getch();
}
OUTPUT:
RESULT:
Thus the above program has been executed successfully.
[Link]
DATE: VIRTUAL FUNCTIONS
AIM:
To write a C++ program to create a class SHAPE that uses virtual functions
to calculate the area of different shapes (e.g., Rectangle and Circle).
ALGORITHM:
STEP 1: Start the program.
STEP 2: Create a base class SHAPE with two virtual functions: getData()
and area().
STEP 3: Create derived classes Rectangle and Circle that override these
virtual functions.
STEP 4: In each derived class:
o getData() → input dimensions of the shape.
o area() → calculate and display the area.
STEP 5: In main(), create objects for Rectangle and Circle.
STEP 6: Use the dot operator (.) to call the functions for each object.
STEP 7: Display the calculated areas.
STEP 8: Stop the program.
CODING:
#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
class SHAPE
{
public:
virtual void getData()
{
}
virtual void area()
{
}
};
class Rectangle : public SHAPE
{
float length, breadth;
public:
void getData()
{
cout << "Enter length and breadth of Rectangle: ";
cin >> length >> breadth;
}
void area()
{
cout << "Area of Rectangle = " << (length * breadth) << endl;
}
};
class Circle : public SHAPE
{
float radius;
public:
void getData()
{
cout << "Enter radius of Circle: ";
cin >> radius;
}
void area()
{
cout << "Area of Circle = " << (3.1416 * radius * radius) << endl;
}
};
int main()
{
Rectangle r;
Circle c;
cout << "\n--- Rectangle ---\n"; [Link]();
[Link]();
cout << "\n--- Circle ---\n"; [Link]();
[Link]();
return 0;
}
OUTPUT:
RESULT:
Thus the above program has been executed successfully.
[Link]
DATE: FUNCTION OVERLOADING
AIM:
To write a simple C++ program using function overloading to read and
display two values of different data types such as integer and floating-point
numbers.
ALGORITHM:
STEP 1: Start the program.
STEP 2: Create a class display.
STEP 3: Overload the function readdata() in two versions:
One takes two integers.
Another takes two floats.
STEP 4: In each version, read and display the values.
STEP 5: In main(), call the overloaded functions using integer and float
values.
STEP 6: Stop the program.
CODING:
#include<iostream.h>
class display
{
public:
void readdata(int a, int b) {
cout << "Integer values: " << a << " , " << b << endl;
}
void readdata(float x, float y)
{
cout << "Float values: " << x << " , " << y << endl;
}
};
int main()
{
display obj;
int a, b;
float x, y;
cout << "Enter two integer values: ";
cin >> a >> b;
[Link](a, b);
cout << "Enter two float values: ";
cin >> x >> y;
[Link](x, y);
return 0;
}
OUTPUT:
RESULT:
Thus the above program has been executed successfully.
[Link]
CREATE A FILE
DATE:
AIM:
To write a C++ program to create a file and display its contents along with
line numbers.
ALGORITHM:
STEP 1: Start the program.
STEP 2: Include the header file <fstream> for file handling.
STEP 3: Declare an ofstream object to create and write to a file.
STEP 4: Ask the user to enter text (multiple lines).
STEP 5: Write the text to the file.
STEP 6: Close the file.
STEP 7: Open the same file using ifstream.
STEP 8: Read each line and display it with its line number.
STEP 9: Close the file and stop the program.
CODING:
#include<iostream.h>
#include<fstream.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<conio.h>
int main()
{
char fname[30], str[100];
fstream fp;
int i=0;
clrscr();
cout<<"Enter the Name of File: ";
gets(fname);
[Link](fname, fstream::out);
if(!fp)
{
cout<<"\nError Occurred!";
return 0;
}
cout<<"Enter the Data: ";
gets(str);
while(strlen(str)>0)
{
fp<<str;
fp<<'\n';
gets(str);
}
[Link]();
[Link](fname, fstream::in);
if(!fp)
{
cout<<"\nError Occurred!";
return 0;
}
cout<<"\nContent of "<<fname<<":-\n";
[Link](str, 1000);
while(strlen(str)>0)
{
cout<<++i<<".";
cout << str << endl;
[Link](str, 1000);
}
[Link]();
getch();
return 0;
}
OUTPUT:
RESULT:
Thus the above program has been executed successfully.
[Link]
DATE: MERGE TWO FILES
AIM:
To write a C++ program to merge two files into a single file
ALGORITHM:
STEP 1: Start the program.
STEP 2: Include the header <fstream> for file operations.
STEP 3: Open the first file in read mode.
STEP 4: Open the second file in read mode.
STEP 5: Open a third file in write mode.
STEP 6: Copy all the contents of the first file into the third file.
STEP 7: Copy all the contents of the second file into the third file.
STEP 8: Close all the files.
STEP 9: Stop the program.
CODING:
#include<iostream.h>
#include<fstream.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
int main()
{
ifstream fp1, fp2;
ofstream fp3;
char ch, fname1[100], fname2[100], fname3[100];
cout<<"Enter first file name with extension: ";
cin>>fname1;
cout<<"\nEnter second file name with extension: ";
cin>>fname2;
cout<<"\nEnter target file with extension to copy: ";
cin>>fname3;
[Link](fname1);
[Link](fname2);
[Link](fname3);
if(!fp1 || !fp2 || !fp3)
{
perror("\nError Message in file opening ");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
while(![Link]())
{
fp1>>ch;
fp3<<ch;
}
while(![Link]())
{
fp2>>ch;
fp3<<ch;
}
cout<<"\nThe two files were merged into "<<fname3<<" file
successfully....!!\n";
[Link]();
[Link]();
[Link]();
return 0;
}
OUTPUT:
File Location in BIN:
Output File:
RESULT:
Thus the above program has been executed successfully.