ENTERPRISE NETWORK
DESIGN
Enterprise Network Design
Course Code Course Theory Practical Tutorial Theory Oral & Tutorial Total
Name Practical
ITC701 Enterprise 04 -- -- 04 -- -- 04
Network
Design
Examination Scheme
Theory Marks
Course Course
Code Name Internal assessment Term Oral &
End Oral Total
Avg. of Sem. Work Practical
Test1 Test 2 two Exam
Tests
ITC701 Enterprise
Network
Design 20 20 20 80 -- -- -- 100
Networking Lab
Course Code Course Theory Practical Tutorial Theory TW/Pra Tutori Total
Name ctical al
ITL401 Networking -- 02 -- -- 1 -- 1
Lab
Examination Scheme
Theory Marks
Course Course
Code Name Internal assessment
End Term Work Oral Total
Avg. of Sem.
Test1 Test 2 Exam
2 Tests
ITL401 Networking
Lab
-- -- -- -- 25 25 50
Network Design Lab
Term Work:
Term Work shall consist of full Mini Project on above
guidelines/syllabus. Also Term work Journal
must include at least 2 assignments.
Term Work Marks: 25 Marks (Total marks) = 15 Marks
(Mini Project) + 5 Marks (Assignments) + 5
Marks (Attendance)
Syllabus
Module 0 OSI Reference Model and
TCP/IP Protocol Suite
2. Routing IP Addresses
3. Internetworking Devices
Module 1 Applying a Methodology to Network Design
Module 2 Structuring and Modularizing the
Network:
Module 3 Designing Basic BCampus and Data
Center Networks
Module 4 Designing Remote Connectivity
Module 5 Designing IP Addressing in the
Network & Selecting Routing
Protocols
Module 6 Software Defined Network (SDN)
Course Objectives
1. To be familiarized with the methodologies and approaches of the
network design for an enterprise network.
2. To understand the network hierarchy and use modular approach to
network design for an enterprise network.
3. To understand the campus design and data center design
considerations for designing an enterprise campus.
4. To study Enterprise Edge WAN Technologies and design a WAN
using them
5. Designing an IP addressing plan and selecting a Route protocol for
an enterprise network.
6. To design enterprise network for given user requirements in an
application
Course Outcomes
1. Understand the customer requirements and Apply a
Methodology to Network Design
2. Structure and Modularize the Network
3. Design Basic Campus and Data Center Network.
4. Design Remote Connectivity
5. Design IP Addressing and Select suitable Routing Protocols
for the Network
6. Compare Openflow controllers and switches with other
enterprise networks.
Books
Text Books:
1. Authorized Self-Study Guide, Designing for Cisco Internetwork
Solutions (DESGN), Second
Edition, Cisco Press-Diane Teare.
2. Network Analysis, Architecture, and Design 3rd Edition, Morgan
Kaufman, James D.
3. CCDA Cisco official Guide
4. Software Defined Networking with Open Flow : PACKT Publishing
Siamak Azodolmolky
References:
1. Top-Down Network Design (Networking Technology) 3rd Edition,
Priscilla
Oppenheimer ,Cisco Press Book
2. Network Planning and Design Guide Paperback – 2000, Shaun
Hummel
THE INTERNET
The Internet has revolutionized many aspects of our daily
lives. It has affected the way we do business as well as the
way we spend our leisure time. The Internet is a
communication system that has brought a wealth of
information to our fingertips and organized it for our use.
Topics discussed in this section:
History
The Internet Today (ISPs)
History
In 1967, Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA)from Defense Department
of US presented first small network called “ARPANET”
The idea was to attach each host computer from different manufacturer to a
specialized device called an ‘interface message processor(IMP)’. The IMP’s, in
turn, would be connected to one another
Software called the Network Control Protocol (NCP) provided communication
between the nodes
The Internet
Internet today is a complex structure made up of many wide and local area
networks joined through switching and connecting devices
Today most end users get internet connection through services of “Internet
Service Providers(ISPs)”
Hierarchical organization of the Internet
The Internet
International ISP
Connects nations together
National ISP
Backbone networks within the country maintained by specialized companies
Connected to each other through a complex switching stations called
“NAPs” (network access points)
Also can use private switching stations called “peering points” to connect to
each other
The data rates are high up to 600 Mbps
Regional ISP
Cover smaller area and are connected to one or more national ISPs
Use smaller data rates
Local ISP
Provides direct service to the end users
Can be a company, a corporation, a college or university etc
PROTOCOLS AND STANDARDS
In this section, we define two widely used terms: protocols
and standards. First, we define protocol, which is
synonymous with rule. Then we discuss standards, which
are agreed-upon rules.
Topics discussed in this section:
Protocol
Standards
Standards Organisations
Protocol
A set of rules that governs data communication
Key elements
Syntax:- A structure or format of data
Semantics:- meaning of each section of bits
Timing:- when data should be sent and how fast it should be send
Standards
De facto (by fact or by convention)
A standard that is widespread by tradition, enforcement or market
dominance
May not have received a formal approval by way of standardization process
E.g. DOS, band-aid
De jure (by law or by regulation)
Legislated (approved) by an officially recognized body
E.g. Ethernet 802.3, ISO products
Standards Organizations
ISO (International Organization for Standardization): A multinational
standard creation committee
ITU-T (International telecommunication Union- Telecommunication
Standard Sector)- concerns with international compatibility
ANSI (American National Standards Institute)- private non-profit
corporation contributing US government
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)- largest
professional engineering society, aims at advancement in all engineering
fields
EIA (Electronic Industries Association)- concerns electronic
manufacturing
FCC (Federal Communications Commission)- communication
technology regulatory agency in US
Network Models
LAYERED TASKS :
We use the concept of layers in our daily life.
Example:
Communication between two entities Sender and Receiver
Consider two friends who communicate through
postal mail.
A carrier for transport of letter
The process of sending a letter to a friend would be
complex if there were no services available from the post
office.
Tasks involved in sending a letter
Note:
Hierarchy
Services
Network Models
Network includes different entities. These entities need to
communicate with each other.
Some standards are required to set.
Common standards are
OSI Model
TCP/IP (internet) Model
THE OSI MODEL
An ISO standard that covers all aspects of network
communications is the Open Systems Interconnection
(OSI) model. It was introduced in late 1970s.
Note
ISO is the organization.
OSI is the model.
OSI model is not a protocol
It is flexible, robust and interoperable, thus called “Open System”
Consist of 7 layers, related to each other
Seven layers of the OSI model
Layered Architecture
The process of transmitting data is distilled to its most fundamental
elements.
The related networking functions are identified and grouped together
These groups are called “Layers”
Layered architecture provides flexibility, easy fault detection and
correction
Within a single machine, each layer uses the services of lower layer and
provides services for higher layer
Between the machines, layer ‘x’ on one machine communicate with
layer ‘x’ of other machine
Communication is governed by an agreed upon series of rules called
“Protocols” or “Peer to peer protocols” (as used at peer levels)
The interaction between layers in the OSI model
The interaction between layers in the OSI model- Observations
At physical layer the communication is direct
At higher layers, communication moves down through the layers of
device A and moves up over to device B
Each layer in sending device adds its own information to the message it
receives from higher layer and pass it to the lower layer
At the receiving machine, the message is unwrapped layer by layer
Passing data between adjacent layers need interaction between the
layers normally called “Interfaces”
Interface defines the information and services a layer must provide for
layer above it.
Usually layers 1,2 & 3 are called “network support layers” and layer
5,6,& 7 are called “user support layers”. Layer 4 links these two
subgroups
An exchange using the OSI model- using Encapsulation
LAYERS IN THE OSI MODEL
In this section we briefly describe the functions of each
layer in the OSI model.
Topics discussed in this section:
Physical Layer
Data Link Layer
Network Layer
Transport Layer
Session Layer
Presentation Layer
Application Layer
Physical layer
Physical layer
Coordinates the functions required to carry a bit stream over a
physical medium
Deals with the mechanical and electrical specifications of the interface
and transmission medium
Functions:
Physical characteristics of interfaces and medium
Representation of bits
Data rate
Synchronization of bits
Line configuration
Physical topology
Transmission mode
Physical layer
Note
The physical layer is responsible for movements of
individual bits from one hop (node) to the next.
Data link layer
Data link layer
Transforms the physical layer transmission facility to a reliable link
Other responsibilities:
Framing – divides stream of bits
Physical Addressing – adds addresses
Flow control – matches data rates
Error control – add redundancy
Access control – link control
Note
The data link layer is responsible for moving
frames from one hop (node) to the next.
Hop-to-hop delivery
Revision
The OSI model consist of __________layer?
three
five
eight
seven
The node to node delivery of the entire message is the responsibility of
______layer?
network
transport
session
Data link
The ________layer is the closest to the transmission medium?
Physical
Data link
Network
transport
Revision
In the _______layer, the data unit is called a frame?
Physical
Data link
Network
transport
As the data moves from lower layers to upper layers, headers
are_______?
Added
removed
rearranged
modified
The ________layer use trailer of the frame for error detection?
Physical
Data link
Network
transport
Revision
Which layer functions as a liaison between user support layers and
network support layer?
Physical
Data link
Network
transport
The physical layer is concerned with the transmission of _____ over the
physical medium?
Programs
Dialogs
Protocols
Bits
Device A transmits data to B, the header from A’s layer 5 is read by B’s
______layer?
Session
Data link
Network
Physical
Network layer
Network layer
Responsible for the source to destination delivery of a packet across
multiple networks
Other responsibilities:
Logical Addressing
Routing
Note
The network layer is responsible for the
delivery of individual packets from
the source host to the destination host.
Source-to-destination delivery
Transport layer
Transport layer
Responsible for process to process delivery of the entire message
Other responsibilities:
Service point (port) addressing
Segmentation and reassembly
Connection control – connectionless or connection oriented
Flow control
Error control
Note
The transport layer is responsible for the delivery
of a message from one process to another.
Reliable process-to-process delivery of a message
Session layer
Session layer
It is a network dialog controller
It establishes, maintains and synchronizes the interaction among
communicating sessions
Responsibilities:
Dialog control – use half or full duplex mode for dialog
Synchronization – support check points or synchronization points
Note
The session layer is responsible for dialog
control and synchronization.
Presentation layer
Presentation layer
Concerns with syntax and semantics of the information exchanged
Responsibilities:
Translation – ensures interoperability between different encodings
Encryption – ensures privacy of data
Compression – ensures optimization of data rate
Note
The presentation layer is responsible for translation,
compression, and encryption.
Application layer
Application layer
Enables user to access the processes
Provides interfaces and support for services
Responsibilities:
Network virtual terminal – a software version of physical terminal
File transfer, access and management
Mail services – e.g. e-mail
Dictionary services – e.g. search engines
Note
The application layer is responsible for
providing services to the user.
Summary of layers
Quiz
The end to end delivery of data is the responsibility of ______layer?
Session
Data link
Network
Transport
Encryption and Decryption are the responsibilities of _______ layer?
Physical
Data link
Presentation
Session
Session layer handles _________ out of following?
Dialog control
Check point addition
Error checking
Compression
Quiz
In the ______ layer, translations from one code to another occur?
Transport
Session
presentation
Application
Which of the following is an application layer service?
Network virtual terminal
File transfer, access and management
Mail service
All of the above
Match the following to one of the seven OSI layers?
Route determination
Establishes, manages, and terminates sessions
Ensures reliable transmission of data
Provides log-in and log-out procedures
Provides independence from differences in data representation
Synchronizes users