Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Project
Introduce the topic by describing its brief history:
 (for example, how mixed-used commercial centers came to be) and
 from a worldview (macro) to local view (micro) and
 what is the local current problem (regarding rehabilitation centers) that made you
decide to pursue it.

Example: Mixed-use commercial centers became popular in the late ‘70s when… (add 5
more sentences based from historical research until they transformed into malls).

Presently, what do you observe about existing commercial complex/malls which may be
both positive and negative? At present, commercial centers and malls are almost
completely designed with artificial ventilation, enclosed with blank walls and cladded
with glass and aluminum panels. In a tropical country like the Philippines, shopping inside
artificially cooled malls and shopping centers is comfortable but generates large amount of
carbon emissions to the atmosphere.

Then give an overview in the micro level: Example: Cabugao is a 1st class municipality in
the province of Ilocos Sur. A first class municipality with a thriving industry in agriculture
and fishing.

Vigan was the center of commercial, educational, political, cultural and religious
activities in Northern Luzon. Presently, as the capital city of the Province of Ilocos Sur, it
has retained its status as a center of these activities, particularly as commercial hub.
Commercial activities like buying and selling are conducted at the Vigan Public market, in
individual stores and bigger stores like Plaza Maestro, JTC, 2 Brothers, (etc..etc..name the
bigger stores).

Then discuss your observations on the lack of choices, lack of parking space, crowding,
uncomfortable indoor temperature, traffic, etc. Example: While these commercial
establishments serve the public at their best, still, there is a lack of very good choices for
items to shop. Most of these establishments also lack adequate parking spaces and ideal
shopping spaces and user comfort especially on thermal comfort and visual experience.
These situations create crowding, traffic and discomfort.

Therefore, what can you propose to improve this situation? Realizing this situation, a
well-designed commercial complex is proposed in nearby Bantay town to solve the lack of
parking spaces and crowding, and to provide a well-planned commercial establishment for
an enjoyable shopping. This proposed mixed-use commercial complex will consolidate
all types of shopping needs under one roof. Bringing the project to the adjacent town of
Bantay will decongest the growing crowding situation of the city of Vigan.
 Introduce briefly the innovation that you would like to apply in your project. Living
architecture, as defined by ASPECT Studios (2016), is the integration of plants and water
with built form. It is a critical concept in responding to climate change and the….(one
paragraph)

Furthermore, living architecture utilizes green roofs, green facades and living walls on
built structures. It also makes use of urban forests within the site incorporating ….(one
paragraph)

Based on the findings of Attia, S. (2015), the living architecture movement first started in
1984. The primary focus of the movement is resource…( one paragraph).

(Last paragraph). With all these considered, the proposed solution is the application of
living architecture to the overall design of the project. The integration of living
architecture will result in a sustainable design of a commercial complex within an urban
park. The built structures will feature green roofs, green facades, and living walls which
will reduce building operating and maintenance costs and entice people with a nature-
inspired aesthetics. The urban park will feature water- sensitive urban design in response
to climate change and natural landscaping and greeneries to combat pollution and reduce
heat due to the tropical climate. All of these contribute to an ideal environment for a
commercial complex with an urban park and the overall well-being of the customers and
people in the locality.

B. Project Title: Cabo Aggao: A Sustainable Ecocentric Commercial Plaza

Keywords: Living architecture; earth-berming; mixed-use commercial center; parks

within a mall; horizontal development (5 keywords: these are the concepts that would be
covered by your project)

The main concept of the project Cabo Aggao: A Sustainable Ecocentric Commercial Plaza
is a commercial center within a park. A commercial center solves the problem of the lack
of a “one-stop shop” by offering a centralized variety of choices of products and services
in the locality. An urban park solves the lack of an alternative area for recreation and
leisure aside from the current existing options in the locality. Both of these proposed
solutions will decongest the city of Vigan by reducing traffic and pollution caused by
vehicular activity. This will introduce new business opportunities in both Cabugao and
Bantay, further boosting their economy and tourism. It strives to be the archetype for
future commercial developments in the Philippines.

C. Project Location and Site

The project is located at Brgy. Sagayaden, Cabugao Ilocos Sur. It is
approximately 2 kilometers of travel from the site to Cabugao Municipal Hall by road.
Residential and Commercial lots are found on the southern part of the site. The eastern
and northern side of the site are bounded by residential and agricultural.

D. Project Lot Owner

 Lot owner is Mrs. Virgina Barbers Savellano. Savellano Family is the owner of
Kusina Ilocadia (describe the owner’s brief background) a progressive corn trader in the
Province of Ilocos Sur. (add more info if necessary).

E. Project Proponent
Project proponent is Hon. Edgardo Cobangbang is the Municipal Mayor of
Cabugao, Ilocos Sur. He is presently living in Cabugao. Hon. Edgardo Cobangbang is a
married and years old.

F. Statement of the Problem

( State the major problem and the end goal; then break down the major problem into
minor problems to direct you towards the specific objectives and how to achieve these
objectives by means of design strategies. )
Commercial establishments in Vigan cater to needs of the people of Ilocos Sur. However,
they are not adequate to satisfy the demands of shoppers. A well-designed shopping center
nearby Vigan that will provide very good choices for shoppers will solve this inadequacy
and lack of comfort in shopping. Aside from a well-designed shopping center, there is a
need to apply an innovation that would reduce the carbon footprint of commercial
establishments with their use of artificial ventilation in the form of air-conditioning
systems.

Major Problem: Goal:

Commercial centers require large amounts Reduce the carbon production that is
of artificial ventilation that produce huge emitted into the atmosphere through the
amounts of carbon that are emitted into the application of a design innovation called
atmosphere. innovation.
Minor Problems Objective/s
1. Commercial centers generate traffic 1. To design a commercial center with
with the large volume of vehicles used by adequate parking spaces going beyond the
shoppers, yet have inadequate parking minimum requirements.
spaces. Design Strategies:
a. Situate the project to a new location
with wider roads/vehicular access
b. Design parking spaces more than the
minimum
2. Shopping centers are scattered around 2. To design a commercial center that
the city and in the adjacent town of becomes a one-stop-shop in nearby town
Bantay. of Bantay
Design Strategy
a. Consider all the necessary and
anticipated demands of shoppers under
one roof
3. Almost all shopping centers are 3. To design a shopping center that makes
artificially ventilated with facades of blank use of natural cooling systems and facades
 walls and glass that have more fenestrations
Design Strategies
a. Incorporate natural cooling systems on
the interiors
b. Design a more friendly, open facades.

G. Project Scope
Give the extent of the project: to serve the locality, province, region? (title)
is intended to serve the people of Cabugao Ilocos Sur numbering about 38,812 according
to the 201 Census.

(Give the coverage of design.) The project covers the design of the commercial plaza and
all its structures that include Retail Shops, Office Spaces, Commercial stalls,
Restaurants, Fastfoods, Storage Facilities, Function Hall and Plaza. The focus of the
project will be on Commercial buildings. Site planning will be considered, however,
detailed site planning will not be included because architecture is the focus of the study.
Marketing will not be included in the study since the focus is on architectural design.

H. Research Questions
List down 5 research questions. The answer to each question must be found in the
solutions to the architectural problem. The project has the following research questions
as guide in solving the design problems stated:

1. What strategies of Living Architecture can provide natural cooling system in the
interiors of a shopping center?
2. How can Living Architecture reduce the production of carbon emission into the
atmosphere?
3. What parts/elements/spaces of the buildings can be used for application of Living
Architecture?
4. How can new spaces be incorporated in the usual design of commercial complex to
excellently answer the demands of modern society?
5. How can new materials and utility systems be incorporated in the design of the
commercial complex?

I. Conceptual Framework
Show in a diagram the basic foundations that strengthen the pursuit of your project.

Conceptual Framework
J. Research Methodology:
Composed of 3 parts:

J.1. Research Design: Describe the approach to follow to bring in the results of the
study. The study will use a qualitative research approach in gathering data.

J.2. Data Gathering Procedure: Describe the methods and procedures of gathering and
collating data as inputs into the solution to the design problem.

The study will involve the conduct of interviews, online and library researches, data
gathering from offices, and site visits to produce and expand the data needed in the
study.

Interviews will be conducted with commercial establishments owners, customers who

are potential users and to architects and experts as design professionals.

Design standards, trends in design on commercial complex, design innovations on

living architecture using greeneries and earth-berming and case studies will be
researched online and in the libraries to gather sufficient knowledge about these
concepts.
 Gathering of data on the host town of Cabugao, and the number and types of
commercial establishments within Metro Vigan will be conducted through visits in the
municipal hall of Cabuago and in various agency offices.

Site visits to observe the excellent and poor qualities of the site and its surroundings at
different times of the day and different weather conditions will be conducted
Observation tours or visits will be conducted on existing related projects.

All these data and information acquired will be combined to arrive at an architectural
solution for the commercial plaza project featuring the innovation on living
architecture.

J.3. Data Gathering Instruments: Describe the instruments or tools used in gathering and
collating data to support the data gathering procedure adopted.
The study will be aided by CADD program, Sketch-up, (include more if there are),
camera, video recorder, measuring tape, laser meter (add more if there are).

K. Significance of the Study

Give the contributions of the project to the 1) field of architecture and to the 2) community
Viva La Vida: Living Urban Park and Commercial Complex is undertaken to contribute to
the field of architecture and to the community at large.

To the field of architecture: ((Provide significance of the study specific to the innovation
applied in the project)

1. Stimulate a trend in the present and future design of commercial centers incorporating
the design innovation Living Architecture.

2. Promote Living Architecture as a means to make a building sustainable as a response

to the impact of climate change on both built and natural environments.

3. Influence less use of artificial energy in the planning and design of commercial
centers, which contributes to a cleaner atmosphere for people and the environment

To the community: (Provide significance of the study specific to the project type and
innovation applied in the project)

1. Create a green social center in an urban setting to provide an overall healthy living
environment for the community.

2. Help boost the local economy and tourism by providing a premier venue for
commerce and leisure in the province of Ilocos Sur.
 3. Generate more jobs for the local community by establishing a new space for
commercial activities and work.

L. Definition of Terms
List down a maximum of 7 terms applicable to the project to be defined)

For a better and a clearer understanding of this work, the following terms are hereby
defined:

Living wall. It refers to plants rooted on a wall, usually covering the wall partially or
completely.
Green façade. It refers to plants rooted to the ground that is held up on a wall using a
trellis system.

Thermal performance. It refers to the process of modeling the energy transfer between
the building and the surrounding.

Urban heat island effect. It refers to the hotter temperatures of built-up areas compared
to nearby rural areas.

Net zero. It refers to generating as much energy from sustainable energy sources like
solar and wind compared to using electrical energy.

(Note: All words/sentences which are underlined mean these are samples only)

M. Review of Related Literature:

M.1. Five (5) Research Topics Related to the Project Type and Design Problem

Example of topics(as found in your surfing)

Mall Design
Nowadays, when consumers visit malls, they are looking for experiences that go well
beyond traditional shopping. The trends helping to create this change include changing
demographics….(about 3 paragraphs)

Latest Trends in Global Mall Design

Innovative malls are incorporating value-added elements that attempt to recast the mall as
the new downtown, including concerts, arts centers, spas, fitness clubs, and farmer’s
markets. These services provide a level of leisure and entertainment that can never be
satisfied online. Xanadu, a mall 30 km from Madrid, for instance (Calpito, 2015)….
(about 3 paragraphs)
 Local Response to Mall Design
Recently opened malls have included themed entertainment to stimulate a variety of
activities housed under one roof. Shoemart, or SM, a leader in the retail and
entertainment industry, has been particularly successful catering to mixed-income…
(about 3 paragraphs)
Parks in Malls

New Shopping Experience in Malling (about 3 paragraphs)

M.2. Five (5) Research Topics Related to the Innovation Applied in the Project

Example: (as found in your surfing) (3 paragraphs per topic only)

Living Architecture: a new solution to reducing carbon generation

Earth-berming: an application of Living Architecture (etc.,etc)

N. Case Studies of Related Projects

Provide case studies on the following:
N.1. Three (3) Case Studies Related to the Project Type and Design Problem

Example:

Blue Bay Walk

Blue Bay Walk is a commercial complex project of Federal Land Inc, located in Corner
Macapagal -Edsa Ext. Pasay City, situated at the core of Metro Park. Blue Bay Walk is just a few
steps away from SixSenses Residences and Bay Garden Club & Residences. It is a strip mall in
front of the scenic Manila Bay in Pasay City which allows shoppers to enjoy the experience of
staying in the finest resorts within the park or simply relax while watching the magnificent
sunset. It features a variety of shops, restaurants and lifestyle boutiques, encompassing a large
park in the center. People can enjoy a variety of activities—from delectable meals to shopping
from an array of fashion options and relaxing and enjoying the view by the bay.
([Link]
 N.2. Three (3) Case Studies Related to the Innovation Applied in the Project

Provide any 3 projects where Living Architecture has been applied (not necessarily commercial
centers)

O. References

Comprehensive Land Use Planning of Bantay

Regidor & Amistad (2005) “Traffic Management in a City with U.N. World Heritage Site”,
Journal of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, Vol. 6

[Link] Palafox, F. (2015)

“Of Traffic Congestion And Shopping Malls” Manila Times, Philippines

[Link] SOPHERSPARN Architects

(2015) “Roots of Sustainable Architecture”

[Link] Tay, E.
(2011) “How a Shopping Mall in Singapore Goes Green”

[Link]
_The_Star_Vista__Buona_Vistas_first_major_mall_in_over_30_years.pdf Koh, J. (2012) “The
Star Vista – Buona Vista’s First Major Mall in Over 30 Years”
 Chapter 2
ARCHITECTURAL PROGRAMMING
A. Site Selection and Analysis
A.1 Physical, Socio-Economic and Cultural Profile of Project Location (Note: Keep the
description to the minimum)

History and Background of the Town (include founding date)

Bantay is one of the 11 municipalities of the First District of Ilocos Sur which was founded by the
Spaniards in 1593. The naming of the municipality is linked to the holy shrine of the miraculous
image of our Lady of Charity which was brought to the place during the Spanish period. Invaders
would often come to the town to claim the holy shrine but failed to do so. Instead, they left
Bantay with the belief that the Holy Shrine and the miraculous image of the Virgin would remain
forever to guard the place. Thus, the town was named “Bantay” meaning “guard”.

Location, Boundaries and Mode of Access (include distance from the Capital City/Town as
reference point)

Bantay is located about 1 kilometer north of the City of Vigan; 137 kilometers north of San
Fernando City, the regional capital of Ilocos Region; and about 406 kilometers north of the
country’s capital, the City of Manila. The town is bounded by Vigan City and the town of
Caoayan on the south; the towns of San Vicente and Santa Catalina on the west; and Sto.
Domingo, Magsingal and San Quintin, Abra on the north and east respectively. It is very
accessible to land transportation being located along the national highway. The primary modes of
public transportation are tricycles, buses, jeepneys and public utility vehicles (PUVs).

Land Area, Population, Economic Classification and Urbanization Status

Shaped like an inverted dog-head municipality, Bantay has a total land area of 76.60 square
kilometers with a population of 35,731 residents and a density of 470 inhabitants per square
kilometer as stated in the 2015 census of the Philippine Statistics Authority. It is a 3rd class
municipality and is classified as partly urban.

Climate, Topography and Major Natural Resources

Bantay has a Type 1 climate characterized by dry season from November to April and wet season
from May to October. As reported by [Link], the annual average temperature is 27.0
degrees Celsius. At an average temperature of 28.8 degrees Celsius, May is the hottest month of
the year. January has the lowest average temperature of the year at 25.2 degrees Celsius. The
town is protected from strong winds coming from the east by high mountains. Generally, the
wind blows in a southeastern direction

The town is hilly with an average elevation of 100 meters. However, some barangays lying near
creeks and rivers are often flooded during heavy typhoon season. Burayoc Creek and Caniao
Spring supply the Metro Vigan Water District with potable water supply.

Economy, Attractions and Resources

The town is predominantly an agricultural economy. (Add here the major products). The town’s
proximity to Vigan City makes it an extension of the city’s business and commercial activities,
and therefore is a satellite growth area. According to the Cities and Municipalities
Competitiveness Index (CMCI), there are a total of 694 business registrations and a total of 1,634
declared employees in 2016 in the municipality of Bantay. he total gross sales of registered
businesses is 2,000,000,000 pesos in 2016.

Bantay’s most notable attraction is the St. Augustine’s Parish Church and its bell tower atop a
hill. It enshrines the Our Lady of Caridad image who is canonically crowned as the Patroness of
Ilocandia. The scenic Quirino Bridge is considered an iconic symbol of Ilocos Sur across the
Abra river connecting the rocky mountain slopes of the town of Santa and the tail end of Bantay.
The Carballo mountain range has two popular mountain peaks, Mt. Caniao and Mt. Tupira,
perfect destinations for mountain climbers and thrill seekers. Burayoc Creek and Caniao Spring
supply the Metro Vigan Water District with potable water supply.

Provide MAP OF THE PROVINCE- show the town where project is located
 Map of the province of Ilocos Sur
showing the municipality of Bantay

Provide MAP OF THE TOWN- show the barangay where project is located
Other important data helpful to the study

Map of the municipality of Bantay showing the

barangays and major road network

Provide MAP OF THE BARANGAY where project is located (the map shown here did not
provide the requirements below)
 Indicate the approximate location of the project in the barangay map;
Indicate the location of barangay plaza, elementary school, chapel in the barangay map

Brief Description of the Barangay

Example: Barangay Balaleng is the biggest barangay in terms of population among the 15
barangays of the town of Bantay. It has four (4) sitios, namely: Laudenia, Puroc, Centro and
Amianance. Next to the Poblacion barangays, Barangay Balaleng is similarly urbanizing.
Various types of commercial establishments line the highway along the sitios of Puroc,
Centro and Amianance of this barangay. The present mall, JTC Mall is located at Balaleng
Centro. The site of the proposed project is located at Balaleng Laudenia.

B. Micro Site Analysis

B.1 Size, Shape and Accessibility (SSA)

Provide LOT MAP with Technical Description and discuss/describe:

- Shape
-Total area (size)
-Show arrows for road direction
-Show cardinal directions
-Road finish
-Width of road
-Types of vehicles that pass by the road
-Pictures of the site and the roads

The site is comprised of the following lots: Lot No. 372, Lot No. 373, Lot No. 374, Lot No.
376 and a portion of Lot No. 384. The mother lot no. 384 has a total lot area of 61,787.57
square meters (6.18 hectares) and for the purpose of this study, 14,549.90 square meters (1.45
hectares) is taken from the lot. The site has an overall area of 59,664.92 square meters (5.97
hectares) contained in an irregular shape and form.

The site is bounded by 15-meter Bantay-San Vicente road on the south and 6 meter barangay
road on the east. Both roads are finished with concrete. It is very accessible by any means of
transportation; bus, jeep, tricycle, car and motorcycle. The site is approximately 1 kilometer
west of the Bantay Municipal Hall, which takes about 12 minutes by means of walking and 3
minutes by means of transportation to get there.

Viva La Vida: Living Urban Park and Commercial Complex

LOT NO. 372

LINE BEARING DISTANCE
1-2 S10 – 38W 18.06 m
2-3 S76 – 44E 45.86 m
3-4 S72 – 41E 35.06 m
4-5 S09 – 53W 37.02 m
 5-6 S76 – 22E 35.83 m
6-7 S76 – 55E 13.65 m
7-8 S71 – 11E 16.00 m
8-9 S18 – 01W 143.14 m
9-10 N67 – 08W 187.63 m
10-11 N07 – 55W 59.89 m
11-12 N12 – 51E 114.54 m
12-1 S76 – 54E 70.06 m
TOTAL LOT AREA: 33,750.83 SQM

LOT NO. 373

LINE BEARING DISTANCE
1-2 N11 – 44E 35.62 m
2-3 S74 – 51E 45.75 m
3-4 S11 – 09W 52.18 m
4-5 N76 – 44N 45.86 m
5-1 N10 – 38E 18.06 m
TOTAL LOT AREA: 2,427.27 SQM

LOT NO. 374

LINE BEARING DISTANCE
1-2 S11 – 30W 60.35 m
2-3 N76 – 22W 35.83 m
3-4 N09 – 53E 37.02 m
4-5 N72 – 41W 35.06 m
5-6 N11 – 09E 52.18 m
6-7 N37 – 58E 4.50 m
7-8 S76 – 41E 20.48 m
8-9 N12 – 39E 15.11 m
9-10 S70 – 01E 47.52 m
10-1 S08 – 37W 45.26 m
TOTAL LOT AREA: 6,075.50 SQM
 LOT NO. 376
LINE BEARING DISTANCE
1-2 N08 – 37E 45.26 m
2-3 N70 – 01W 47.52 m
3-4 N12 – 01E 32.63 m
4-5 S75 – 12E 47.82 m
5-6 S20 – 11W 9.57 m
6-7 S62 – 44E 12.93 m
7-8 S14 – 36W 12.02 m
8-9 S77 – 32E 6.58 m
9-10 S11 – 10W 19.63 m
10-11 S13 – 33W 18.09 m
11-12 S76 – 01E 4.68 m
12-13 S13 – 25W 21.58 m
13-1 N71 – 07W 19.25 m
TOTAL LOT AREA: 2,862.14 SQM

USED PORTION OF LOT NO. 384

LINE BEARING DISTANCE
1-2 N76 – 54W 70.06 m
2-3 S12 – 51W 114.54 m
3-4 N62 – 17W 60.75 m
4-5 N09 – 37 E 64.30 m
5-6 N81 – 10 W 12.57 m
6-7 N09 – 10E 56.62 m
7-8 N19 – 08E 35.17 m
8-9 S73 – 37E 114.10 m
9-10 S11 – 43W 11.67 m
10-1 S11 – 43W 35.62 m
TOTAL LOT AREA: 14,549.90 SQM
Size, Shape and Accessibility
Vicinity Analysis
Make a diagram of the SWOT Analysis for SSA

Strengths (briefly describe the positive points Weaknesses (briefly describe the negative
with regards to SSA) points with regards to SSA)

Opportunities (briefly describe the positive Threats (briefly describe the negative points
points with regards to SSA) with regards to SSA)

SWOT ANALYSIS
STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES
 Accessible by any means of  Adjacent to neighboring residential
transportation areas on the eastern and southern side
 Situated along the Bantay-San Vicente  Far distance to other commercial
road which connects to the MacArthur establishments
highway
OPPORTUNITIES THREATS
 Located near the commercial center of  May generate tight traffic in the vicinity
Bantay  May increase danger in the roads,
 Fair proximity to Vigan City vehicle noise and pollution within the
  Ample amount of land area for vicinity due to increased vehicles
commercial development

B.2 Orientation, Local Microclimate and Sensuous Qualities (OLMSQ)

Provide LOT MAP WITH PICTURES and discuss/describe:

-panoramic picture facing the lot from side to side
-pictures showing neighbors and surroundings
- sun path: morning sun, mid-morning, noontime, hot afternoon sun, sunset
- show typhoon directions
- rain and SW and NE wind directions (“direction” means where the wind comes FROM)
- breeze directions (“direction” means where the breezes come FROM)
-identify sources of views/vistas (good and bad) both from within the lot and the exterior
surroundings
- identify sources of sound/noise
- identify sources of smell

The site faces a southwest direction along the Bantay-San Vicente road. Thus, the frontage
receives partly typhoon winds from the southwestern monsoon. The western side of the site
receives hot afternoon sun but receives good breeze generated by the southwestern monsoon. This
side is the hottest part of the site. The eastern side of the site receives partly the morning sun
along the southeastern direction and partly typhoon winds from the northeastern monsoon. This
side is the coolest part of the site. The northern side of the site receives good breeze generated by
the northeast monsoon.

Residential areas are found on the southern and eastern part of the site. Agricultural lots are found
on the northern and western part of the site and offer good panoramic views of the farmlands.
Noise comes from the vehicles passing through both roads adjacent to the site. Smoke from
vehicle emissions are observed to be common during peak rush hour. Aside from this, there is no
source of any objectionable smell from the immediate neighborhood.
Analysis of Orientation, Local Microclimate and Sensuous Qualities
 Vicinity Microclimate Analysis

SWOT Analysis for OLMSQ

Strengths (briefly describe the positive points Weaknesses (briefly describe the negative
with regards to OLMSQ) points with regards to OLMSQ)

Opportunities (briefly describe the positive Threats(briefly describe the negative points
points with regards to OLMSQ ) with regards to OLMSQ)
 SWOT ANALYSIS
STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES
 Great panoramic views of vast  Large portion of the site receives the
agricultural lands on the northern and harsh afternoon sun
western side  Poor view of residential areas on the
 Abundant fresh cool breeze generated eastern and southern side
by the Northeastern and Southwestern  Vehicle noise and emissions during
monsoon peak rush hour
OPPORTUNITIES THREATS
 The location is a good vantage point  Open spaces that give panoramic views
where it is visible from all sides. may be blocked by the development

B.3. Vegetation, Topography, Hydrography, Geology and Soil (VTHGS)

Provide LOT MAP WITH PICTURES and discuss:
- Vegetation; document all trees, shrubs and ground covers; with legend; pictures
- Topography showing high, level/flat and low areas; pictures
- Hydrography: direction of floodwater flow; river, pond, swamps, gorges, creeks; pictures
- Geology and Soil: kind of topsoil and type of soil; rocks and other natural features in the
site; pictures

The site is mostly grassy on the outskirts, with the exception of the western part of the site which
is used as a sand and gravel pit. It is mostly covered in Carabao grass. Caimito, Philippine
mahogany, bamboo, blackberries, mango and talisay trees are found inside the site. There are
weeds, vines and cadena de amor surrounding the electrical posts and property fences.

The site is relatively flat and is level with the road. Thus, it is rarely flooded. Rainwater at the
front flows toward the drainage canals located in the southern part of the site along the Bantay-
San Vicente road. Rainwater on the northwestern side flows toward neighboring agricultural
lands. Sedimentary rocks are found within the site. Sand and gravel pits are also present inside
the site. San Miguel loam is the soil.
Analysis of Vegetation, Topography, Hydrography, Geology and Soil

Vicinity Topography Map

 SWOT Analysis

Strengths Weaknesses (briefly describe the negative

(briefly describe the positive points with points with regards to VTHGS)
regards to VTHGS)

Opportunities (briefly describe the positive Threats (briefly describe the negative points
points with regards to VTHGS) with regards to VTHGS)

SWOT ANALYSIS
STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES
 San Miguel loam is a type of soil that is  Lack of overall vegetation inside the
well-drained, medium to very rapid site
runoff and very slow permeability  Weeds and vines has covered the
outskirts of the site, perimeter fences
and electrical posts
 Existing trees are located in odd
locations and will have to be removed
or relocated
OPPORTUNITIES THREATS
 None  Rainwater may form puddles due to the
flat nature of the site

B.4. Present Zoning, Uses and Utilities (Water, Sewer, Drainage, Power, Communications
(PZUU-WSDPC)

Provide MAP WITH PICTURES and discuss/describe:

- Present Zoning of the Lot as contained in the CLUP of the city/municipality
- Existing Uses (farm, orchard, pastureland, vacant, residential, institutional, etc)
- Existing Structure/buildings/shed/hut/etc.
- Source of Water
- Existing Sewer System, if any
- Drainage Canals, along the road, if any
- Electric Posts and Transformers (near or along the road)
- Communications Lines (near or along the road)
The site is presently zoned as agricultural as per the Comprehensive Land Use Plan of the
Municipality of Bantay. For conversion of land use, the regulatory process as mandated by law
shall be followed. Presently, the site is utilized as an industrial land as a sand and gravel pit.

The site is currently the location of Vigan Fortune Sand and Gravel. Inside the site are four
buildings. There is a hut located on the southwestern entrance on the front of the site which
serves partly as an eatery and partly as a home to the warden. A covered workshop and garage
maintenance bay is located just across the eatery for various vehicles and equipment. An
equipment shed is located nearby. Further into the site and near the southwestern boundary is a
one-storey dwelling for workers with a covered workshop and garage maintenance bay.

The water supply of the municipality is primarily served by the Metro Vigan Water District
whose source of water is from the Burayoc Creek in Lingsat and Caniao Spring in Taleb. The
sewer system is by means of septic tanks. There is an existing drainage canal located along the
Bantay-San Vicente road but across the property.
Existing Ilocos Sur Electrical Cooperative (ISECO) power poles are located in the front and right
side of the site. Five ISECO electrical posts are located at the front of the site along the Bantay-
San Vicente road. Another Five ISECO electrical posts are located at the right side of the site
along the barangay road. Adjacent one of the ISECO electrical posts is another concrete post
supporting the communication cables of Philippine Long Distance Telephone (PLDT).
Analysis of Present Zoning, Uses and Utilities
SWOT ANALYSIS
 STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES
 None  Too many electrical posts along both
the national and barangay roads
 Only one telecommunication post is
present on site
 Existing structures will have to be
demolished
OPPORTUNITIES THREATS
 Creation of business opportunities on  Site will have to be cleared of the
the site existing sand and gravel pits

C. Site Development Options: Options are your probable or tentative proposals for the best way to
develop your site by considering all the analyses you have made. Provide thumb sketches and
brief description on the lot map showing tentative proposal for location of main building/s, open
spaces, parking spaces, possible access to the project as you have described in C.1, C.2., C.3.
and C.4.

C.1. On Size, Shape and Accessibility:

To provide a quality green environment for the project, 60% of the site will be utilized for
construction of built-up spaces. The remaining 40% of the site will serve as a green open space
for the urban park.

The shape of the lot will be considered in planning the configuration of the built-up spaces. The
built-up spaces will typically be a combination of rectangular and square forms to suit the shape
of the lot.

The southern side of the site adjacent the national road is the best location of the main entrance
and public parking. The eastern side of the site along the barangay road will serve as a secondary
entrance and additional public parking. It will provide direct and convenient access to the site.

C.2. On Orientation, Local Microclimate and Sensuous Qualities:

The site is oriented facing the southwest direction. Thus, buildings will be oriented facing the
northward and westward direction facing the urban park. The urban park will be located on the
western side of the site adjacent to the agricultural area to take advantage of the panoramic vistas.
Buildings facing the northward direction will make use of natural ventilation. This positioning
allows the breeze generated by the northeast and southwest monsoon to cool the area. Buildings
facing the westward direction will make use natural lighting. This positioning allows the most
amount of sunlight to come through inside the buildings. Therefore, minimizing the need for
lights during daytime. Sun-shading devices will be utilized to lessen the heat gained from the
harsh afternoon sun. This positioning is also ideal in taking advantage of natural ventilation.
 To lessen the vehicular noise and emissions coming from both roads, trees, plants and other
landscaping will be used. Natural landscaping lessens the noise and absorbs the pollution caused
by the vehicles passing through both roads bounding the site.

C.3. On Vegetation, Topography, Hydrography, Geology and Soil:

The wild weeds and vines found on the outskirts of the site will be cleared. Cadena de Amor
found on the electrical posts and perimeter fence at the south and east of the site will be removed.
Trees on the boundary of the site will be kept for sun shading while the trees inside the site will
be removed to make way for development. Natural landscaping for the urban park will be
carefully planned to incorporate Living Architecture in the overall design and aesthetic.

The flat nature of the site makes it so that the rainwater near the middle forms puddles. Thus, the
open green spaces on site will be heighten and sloped in such a way that it facilitates the flow of
rainwater outwards from the site.

The existing sedimentary rocks will be preserved and used in the overall landscaping design of
the project.

C.4. On Present Zoning, Uses and Utilities:

The site which is presently a sand and gravel pit will be converted to Commercial use for
business following the municipal ordinance’s regulation on land conversion.

Existing structures within the site will be demolished to make way for construction of the built-up
spaces of the project. The existing sand and gravel pits will also be cleared.

The power house will be located near the existing electrical posts on the site. A drainage system
along the national and barangay road will be developed to be used for storm water drainage.

D. Result and Analysis of Interviews

Example:

Results: Interviews were conducted with even (7) mall and big commercial store owners on what
services they aspire to add more to their present business. Six (6) of them dream to have an
anchor store and a large space for indoor entertainment and programs. One said to put a parking
building. When they were asked about the expenses incurred on electricity, all of them agreed
that they are paying a high electricity bill every month due to the air-conditioning system and
artificial lighting of their establishments. Further, when they were asked if they are aware of
innovations like living architecture in mall design that could lessen the cost of electricity, four (4)
admitted that they have heard of solar electricity, while the three admitted that they are not aware
of any innovation. But all of them agreed that it is very urgent and relevant to integrate into the
design of malls and commercial complex an innovation that would dramatically reduce the cost
of electricity due to artificial ventilation and lighting.

Regarding the interviews with ten (10) customers, they all agreed that malls and commercial
complexes should have more greeneries inside which add to their attraction. Eight of them
agreed that they enjoy going to a mall or shopping center because of the goods and the greeneries
that would help them relax, while the two (2) said that they enjoy going to malls or shopping
center because of the artificially-cool interiors. And when they were asked if they would
 welcome a naturally cooled areas with artificially-cooled indoors with parks, they all agreed that
it will be a good shopping experience with nature.

Analysis: The results show that most mall owners interviewed are aware of the high cost of
electricity due to air-conditioning and artificial lighting needed in mall operation but do not have
any idea on innovative concepts in design that would help them save on costs, except on solar
electricity. But all of them are open to the idea of an innovative concept to solve the problem.

On the other hand, customers would welcome the introduction of an innovative design that would
improve their shopping experience, citing the presence of greeneries or parks inside the mall ana
mixture of artificially-cooled and naturally-cooled environments.

D. References (to be consolidated in the Bibiliography later, and this References section will be
removed)

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 Chapter 3
ARCHITECTURAL TRANSLATION

A. Project Classification and Type of Construction

Start with: “Under PD 1096-The National Building Code of the Philippines, the project is
classified under ----------------------------. Also, under the provisions of this Code, the type of
construction falls under ______________________

B. Application of Codes and Design Standards:

Start with: The project is designed to comply with pertinent laws, regulations and zoning
requisites specific with the requirements of the Viva La Vida.

Discuss the provisions of the laws briefly.

(ex: TIEZA (Tourism Investment and Economic Zone Authority), DOT on hotels and resorts
regulations, DOH on hospital design, DepED on classroom design, CAAP on airport regulations,
DRRM laws, DENR and Environmental Management Bureau laws; etc.)

Discuss briefly the zoning regulations pertinent to the project site and type.
Discuss briefly the titles of the Codes which the project should comply with. (PD 1096, BP 344,
RA 9451,etc.)

C. Functional Area Requirements

Start with: “The project has the following major areas and spaces:”
List the spaces and areas per floor; include areas of the landscape that surrounds it (driveways,
open spaces, etc).

If hotel, provide number of rooms per type (example,15- twin-bed guestrooms;)) if classrooms,
for example, 8 classrooms)

D. Zoning Diagrams
Start with: “The spaces and areas within the project are efficiently arranged and zoned based
from their relationship among each other”

Draw diagrams that group the areas and spaces into zones. Do not draw interrelationship
diagrams; it should be zones that contain the areas/spaces contained in each zone and their
relationship to the other zones. Show by means of arrows with a short explanation of the arrow.

E. Organizational Structure with Personnel Requirements

Start with: “The areas and spaces of the project are zoned efficiently by considering the activities
and flow of operations of the personnel. This is to ensure that the project will provide optimum
satisfaction and comfort to all personnel as they go about in managing and operating the project”.

Draw the organizational structure.

F. Design Philosophy
 Start with: The evolution of the project design is guided by this philosophy:
“Less is more”. (Ludwig Mies Van der Rohe). (always cite the author of the
philosophy).

The design philosophy should be short and in consonance with the design innovation adopted.

G. Architectural Influences and Design Inspirations

Start with: “The project derives strong influences and inspirations from (mention the
project/architect, location- foreign or local/both).”

Mention the specific design feature or character of the building that has influenced your design.

If the project is also influenced by forms from nature or other objects, continue with “The project
is also influenced by the natural form of ________________________” or “by the
_______________________”.

Describe the form of the object of influence.

H. Evolution of Form

Start with: “In translating the architectural influences and design inspirations mentioned above,
the project evolved through the following stages:”

Draw the design evolution until the final form (design). ( about 4 stages)

I. The Design Character

Describe the main architectural character that gives the unique significance to your building
design.

Example: The project when seen from afar, gives an illusion of a row of tree trunks that seem to
rise from undulating hills. The “undulating hills” are actually the artificial earth berms that serve
to maintain the natural coolness of the interiors while the illusion of a row of tree trunks are the
vertical supports to the open spaces of the wide customers’ concourse….. (about 1 paragraph).

J. Application of Living Architecture (design innovation) in the Project

Start with: “The project sought to infuse Living Architecture to bring a new sensory experience to
occupants and users and contribute new knowledge in architecture. Specifically, the application
of Living Architecture in the project intends to ____________(write a minimum of 3
paragraphs)_______________________________________”.

(Thoroughly discuss how the design innovation is applied in the project/or parts of the project to
bring about a change/improvement in building use experience. Here, you must be able to explain
and defend well your contribution to the field of architecture. THIS IS THE MEAT OF YOUR
THESIS)

(insert SPOT DRAWING DETAILS AND SECTIONS showing application of innovation)

K. Architectural Skin and Exterior Surface Materials

Start with: “The project utilizes materials for its architectural skin and exterior surface that are
compatible with the application of Living Architecture. The wall material/s
_______________________ is /are ______________________________ “. (describe wall
finishes and materials). Windows and fenestration materials and operating systems
utilize______________(describe materials and types of windows and fenestrations used.) These
exterior materials and operating systems ensure that the building interiors and occupants
experience comfort and safety against extreme climatic conditions in all times of the year.

Show downloaded picture of each material, label the picture

Show in your drawing where and how each material is applied in your project

L. Structural Framing

Start with: “The project utilizes the ________(structural system)________ .

Describe the structural system.

Show the Structural Concept and Details

M. Roofing System

Start with “The project is protected from the elements by

______________________________(roofing system).
Describe the roofing system.
Show the spot drawings of roof design

N. Environmentally-Responsive and Sustainable Strategies for Utility Systems (DO NOT provide
picture or drawing)

N.1. Water Supply System (describe the system used: street supply, site-supplied water; water
storage tanks, gravity system supply?)

N.2. Sewer System (describe the system used: Septic tanks, sewage treatment plant, street
sewer?)

N.3. Wastewater System (describe the system used: street sewer, graywater tanks at site?)

N.4 Drainage and Rainwater Collection System (describe the system used: Site drainage canals,
street canals, rainwater collection and re-use at site?)

N.5 Power Supply System (describe the system used: supplied by ISECO/INEC/LUECO, etc;
with partial solar generation to serve aircons, lights,etc.; with standby generator?)

N.6. Air-Conditioning System: (describe the system used: split-type, window-type, centralized
with cooling tower?)

O. General Buildings Information

 Write up of the following:
Number of structures
Describe each structure: main function, number of floors

Table:
Area of each building
Total building footprints
Total area of roadways and open spaces

The table below shows the building footprints:

A. Building B. Number of C. Building Footprint (BF) D. Building Area (BA)
floors (area of ground floor only) (area per floor x
number of floors)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Total: E. ______________total
BF (in square
meters)
F. Total lot area: ________square meters (equivalent to 100%)
G. Percentage of total building footprint: _______% (E/F=G)
H. Percentage of total open spaces: _______% (F-G= Total Open Spaces (TOS); TOS/F=H)
Provide here complete drawings of Floor Plans, Elevations, Sections and Details of each building

P. Site Development Plan (SDP)

Show SDP; make a WRITE-UP (discuss the arrangement of the different elements of the project,
and the rationale behind such arrangement of elements in the SDP).

Q. References

(Write again here your references for Chapter 3 but all will be consolidated into the
Bibliography after Chapter 4 and this References section will be removed).

Chapter 4
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS (1 page only).
Write a short summary of the title of the project, location, project proponent, the scope and capacity of
the project;
Discuss briefly the innovation; what part of the innovation is applied in the project.
Then write a short essay which must answer the Research Questions in Chapter 1, D.
Finally, what may be done next? (Recommendations).

Bibliography
Appendices:
Certification/s of Lot Owner/s
Certification of Project Proponent
Copies of Jurors’ Deliberation Forms
Curriculum Vitae

Date: 8/28/2018

Prepared by:

Ar. MON-CRES A. TOJE, MBA Ar/EnP FATIMA NICETAS A. RABANG-ALONZO,

MArch
Professor Professor

Approved:

Ar/EnP FATIMA NICETAS A. RABANG-ALONZO, MArch

Dean