Packages in Java
• Package in Java is a collection of related classes and interfaces that
helps in organizing code, avoiding name conflicts, and improving
reusability.
• Types of Packages
• Built-in packages – predefined (e.g., [Link], [Link]).
Examples:
[Link] → collections (ArrayList, HashMap)
[Link] → input/output classes (File, BufferedReader)
[Link] → database connectivity
• User-defined packages – created by the programmer.
Creating and Using a Package:
• Step 1: Create a package Step 3: Use in another program
import [Link]; // import class from package
package mypackage; // declare package public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args)
public class MyClass { {
MyClass obj = new MyClass();
public void display() { [Link]();
}
[Link]("Hello from }
MyClass in mypackage!");
Project Folder
} │
├── mypackage
} │ └── [Link]
│
• Step 2: Compile with -d option └── [Link]
javac -d . [Link]
Advantages of Packages
• Organized Code → Easier to maintain large projects.
• Reusability → Classes can be reused in multiple applications.
• Name Conflict Avoidance → Two classes with same name can exist in
different packages.
• Access Control → Provides scope control with access modifiers
(public, protected, default).
• Encapsulation of APIs → Related classes are bundled together.
Example:
• package myPackage; import [Link];
• public class MyClass public class samp
{
•{ public static void main(String args[])
{
• public void getNames(String s) // Initializing the String variable with a value
String s = “Welcome";
• { // Creating an instance of class MyClass in the package.
MyClass o = new MyClass();
• [Link](s);
• } }
[Link](s);
•} }
Example:
• package package_name;
• public class ClassOne import package_name.ClassOne;
import package_one.ClassTwo;
• { public class Testing
• public void methodClassOne() {
public static void main(String[] args)
• { {
• [Link]("Hello there its ClassOne"); ClassTwo a = new ClassTwo();
• } ClassOne b = new ClassOne();
[Link]();
• } [Link]();
package package_one; }
}
public class ClassTwo {
public void methodClassTwo()
{
[Link]("Hello there i am ClassTwo");
}
}
An enum (short for enumeration)
• It is a special data type in Java used to define a collection of named constants.
• Useful when a variable should have only a fixed set of possible values.
enum EnumName
{
CONSTANT1, CONSTANT2, CONSTANT3;
}
enum Day
{
MONDAY, TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY, THURSDAY, FRIDAY, SATURDAY, SUNDAY
}
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Day today = [Link];
[Link]("Today is: " + today);
}
}
Enums with Switch
• enum Day
• {
• MONDAY, TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY, THURSDAY, FRIDAY
• }
• class Test
• {
• public static void main(String[] args)
• {
• Day d = [Link];
• switch (d)
{
• case MONDAY:
• [Link]("Start of the week!");
• break;
• case WEDNESDAY:
• [Link]("Midweek!");
• break;
• case FRIDAY:
• [Link]("Weekend ahead!");
• break;
• }
• }
• }