Colegio de San Juan de Letrán

Senior High School Department

Understanding the Perceptions of SHS Students towards their Physical, Emotional, Social,

and Mental Well-being amidst Family Breakdown

A Qualitative Research submitted to

Colegio de San Juan de Letran Senior High School Department

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Research in Daily Life 01

Submitted by:

AJITO, Myka Franchesca

BELLON, Elisha Anne

CAPIRAL, Clurtnust Thervee

CLAUDIO, Maxine

CONSTANTE, Anica Joyce

GERNA, Jenah

JAVIER, Janna Mae

AGUILA, Rhylee

ALMODIEL, Iyan

LADDARAN, Hilary
 Submitted to: Mr. Kobe Bryan Loterinia

CTRDL01 Subject Teacher May 2023

Abstract

The family is the smallest, most delicate, and most significant social system that society, as a

bigger social system, provides for and facilitates. The family, being a significant factor in a

child's socialization and development, can certainly impact a child's academic performance

depending on the social climate in the household. In this study, the impacts of broken families on

the physical, emotional, social, and mental health of SHS students are studied. Twelve (12)

respondents who had been recognized as members of broken families were chosen to take part in

the study. Based on the study, the findings are the following: (1) Students seek comfort from

their broken families by spending time with friends. (2) Students from broken homes learn to be

self-reliant and optimistic about their circumstances. (3) The experience of growing up in a

broken family has made the students mentally and physically strong. Introduction The family,

which consists of parents, a marriage, and kids, is the foundation of society. There are many

distinct sorts of families. Such examples include intact, non-intact, single families, stepfamilies,

and a number of others. Married parents and kids are commonly thought of as full families. This

isn't always the case, though. Broken families are not exceptional; rather, we constantly see them

in our surroundings. The ongoing issue of broken families is one of the most urgent issues we

face today. The group or family members are affected by this problem. A broken family typically

results from the parents, who are coping with various issues that break the family apart. Every

family has its unique issues that lead to separation, therefore this problem may also affect the

kids and other family members in various ways. Broken homes have an effect on children's
performance, attitude, and self-esteem, according to a number of articles. Studies demonstrate

that dysfunctional households negatively affect a child's schooling as well as their emotional and

spiritual well-being. Families that have divorced or separated parents are those that are broken.

Children are frequently housed with one of the parents or looked after by a grandmother.

Children in these 3 households experience a challenging childhood because they witness their

parents' divorce or lack of affection for one another. Students frequently experience internal

suffering that shows up later in life. The students are greatly impacted by this issue; it has an

adverse effect on their mental health, which is used for studying, and it causes some degree of

distraction. The academic performance of every student involved in a broken family is also

affected. The student may have a severe impact on these consequences. For example, a study

conducted by Felisilda M. and Torreon L. (2020) found that having a broken family is a big deal

for every student. They're trying their best to deal with these consequences to prevent having a

bad effect on their academic performance and these may affect their mental health. The

researchers would want to give information on why Grade 11 and 12 Senior High School

students at Colegio de San Juan de Letran, Manila struggle to confront the problems of growing

up in a fractured home. The researchers believe that this study will help students who confront

such issues resolve them without affecting their academic success. Broken families are

frequently the result of a lack of communication and comprehension of one point of view in

society. This motivates the researchers to perform a study on the lived experiences of broken

families.

The Research Problem

SHS students at CSJL, Manila. The researchers gathered information from selected Grade 11 and

12 students with a broken household to answer the following questions:

1. What are the lived experiences of SHS students from Letran with broken families?

1.1 In what ways do family problems hinder a student's academic performance in CSJL, and

what factors influence their ability to overcome these challenges?

1.2 What other factors, such as socioeconomic status and social support, influence the student's

academic performance despite the challenges they face due to their family situation?

1.3 Does the student have the emotional support to succeed in school? Does she/he feel

supported by her/his teachers, parents, and friends

Scope and Limitations

The scope of this study focuses on the experiences and academic performance of senior high

school (SHS) students at Colegio San Juan de Letran in Manila who came from dysfunctional

households. To be more precise, the study wants to see how the pupils handle the difficulties that

come with coming from a broken family. The limitation of this study is that it is only focused on

one school and a specific age group, which may not be representative of all students with broken

families in the country. Moreover, the study is limited to a qualitative approach. This study

focuses on Letran students because it provides a specific and manageable group to study. It also

allows for a deeper analysis of the experiences of the students within the school's unique

environment and culture. Additionally, Letran's location in a densely populated area of Manila
may present specific challenges that are different from those experienced by students in other

regions.

The significance of the study rests in its potential to advance knowledge of how dysfunctional

families affect students' ability to learn and emotional health. It may shed light on the coping

mechanisms that students employ and the ways in which parents and teachers might help them.

Additionally, it can help the school and the larger community become more aware of the

difficulties children from broken homes encounter and how to support them so that they can

succeed despite these difficulties.

Significance of the Study

This study is beneficial to those people who are affected by this issue. In particular, it is intended

to help parents, teachers, and schools to understand the experiences and challenges faced by SHS

students with broken families. We, researchers, want to educate people about the importance of a

broken family and its impact on everyone.

Students will have knowledge of their situation and are aware of what coping mechanisms they

can use to deal with it. SHS students learn how to deal with this situation without affecting their

mental health or academic performance. It also teaches them how to be emotionally strong. To

parents, Not only will this research benefit parents, it will also help them understand how broken

families affect their children. The study also looks at how they make wise life decisions and

constantly think about the impact their actions have on their children. This can also help

separated parents forgive and forget what happened in past lives, especially if they have children

together. To teachers, this research can help teachers be considerate of students facing such

challenges. Teachers also understand this issue and can use it to help students who are struggling
with this situation. To the school, this research will be beneficial to schools, which will develop a

comprehensive understanding and think of solutions for struggling students. The study warns

schools not to burden or pressure students who grow up in broken homes, as they already face

many challenges. To the community, this research will help communities become more aware of

other people's difficulties and how to communicate appropriately with them. There is a saying,

"Youth is hope for the future." So if the youth in our society are healthy, it means our community

can have a good and healthy future.

Literature Review

The Broken Family: A Field Guide to the Literature on the Intermarriage Revolution by Susan

Golomb (2008) is an excellent book that offers a unique perspective on the intermarriage

revolution in America because it is one of the first books to examine this phenomenon from a 6

sociological point of view. In Broken Family, the book discusses a broken family and how it

affects the individual. The parents were not able to work together and they didn't know how to

deal with their own kids. Another thing that was discussed in this book is how children can

misbehave for many reasons; whether it be because of peer pressure, or simply just because they

want attention from their parents instead of getting it from other kids at school. Another thing

that was discussed in this book is how a child's behavior can create problems throughout their

lives. There are many reasons for children misbehaving. Whether it be because of peer pressure,

or simply just because they want attention from their parents instead of getting it from other kids

at school. The family is one of the most important parts of life. A family can be broken in a

variety of ways, from divorce or death to adoption or separation. The character is affected by any

form of disruption to this unit and so some possible effects could be depression and anxiety,

damage to their self-esteem or identity, problems with trust between other members of their
family, pressure on relationships between all family members or children caused by one

parent/child relationship.

Research Method

Research Design

The researchers utilized a phenomenology study design to look into SHS students' perspectives

of their physical, emotional, social, and mental well-being in the face of family breakdown.

A phenomenological survey approach asks researchers to categorize their assumptions about the

experience or phenomena. To understand its universal character, researchers employ

phenomenological study approaches (Delve & Limpaecher, 2022). Phenomenology's qualitative

method serves as a theoretical instrument for educational research by allowing academics to

engage in flexible activities that can explain and encourage comprehension of difficult issues

such as many facets of human social experience. This approach is widely used to explore lived

experience, gain a better grasp of how people think, and increase a researcher's perspective of a

phenomenon (Delve & Limpaecher, 2022).

Subject Criteria and Study Site

The respondents for this study were selected using purposive sampling, a non-probability

sampling technique that identifies individuals who meet specific criteria. The target population

consisted of students in Grades 11 and 12 from Colegio de San Juan de Letran, Manila. The

following inclusion criteria were used to select the participants: (1) Filipino nationality, (2) age

between 16-19 years old, (3) experienced parental separation at some point in their life, and (4)
willingness to share their experiences and opinions regarding growing up in a broken family.

Individuals who did not meet these criteria were excluded from the study.

The study utilized an online platform as the research site, which has become increasingly

popular, especially considering the limitations imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic on 9 face-

to-face interactions. The online platform, specifically Google Forms, offered convenience and

accessibility to participants who might be located in different areas. Several aspects of the online

platform make it an interesting choice for this study. Firstly, it allows for a broader reach,

enabling participants from diverse locations to easily access and complete the survey. Secondly,

it ensures anonymity, which may encourage participants to be more honest and open in their

responses, particularly when discussing sensitive information related to family breakdowns and

mental health. Additionally, the online platform enables efficient data collection and analysis, as

responses can be automatically recorded and organized, minimizing errors and ensuring data

accuracy. The choice of Colegio de San Juan de Letran, Manila as the study site was based on

considerations of privacy and security, ensuring the confidentiality of the participants. This

approach is interesting because it allows researchers to reach a wider range of participants who

may not be physically located in the same area. As a result, a more diverse set of responses and

perspectives can be obtained on the topic being studied. Conducting research online can also

reduce the costs and time required for data collection by eliminating travel expenses and the need

for physical space to conduct the research. Online tools, such as Google Forms, provide

convenience and flexibility for both researchers and participants.

Data Collection Procedure and Ethical Consideration

respondents. Consent from the participant was obtained and assured that their answers would be

taken with confidence. The questionnaire was created in a way that it will not cause any harm to

the respondent, because it does not contain any sensitive information. The researchers avoided or

minimized anything that may cause bodily or mental damage to the participants. Before

participants took part, the researchers advised them of any potential dangers. The researchers

maintained their objectivity and neutrality. Personal prejudices or 10 viewpoints were not

allowed to get in the way of acquiring information by the researchers. All data obtained were

kept confidential. The questionnaires given to the participants were carefully crafted to avoid

prejudice and to be neither discriminatory nor misleading. The questionnaires/forms were given

to the selected participants thru online for accessibility for both the participants and researchers.

The researchers targeted 15 to 20 participants and allocated 2 to 3 weeks for surveys to suffice

the number of target participants.

Data Analysis

In this qualitative investigation, grounded was chosen since grounded theory requires data

collection and analysis. Since our study is entirely focused on the lived experiences of the pupils

from broken homes, the theory is "based" on real data, indicating that the study and development

of theories take place after the data have been collected. In order to support qualitative research,

Glaser & Strauss developed the grounded theory in 1967. Determining your original research

questions, theoretical sampling, open coding, grouping excerpts into codes, axial coding,

analyzing further excerpts and comparing them to codes, repeating stages 2 through 6, selective

coding, and writing your grounded theory are the nine (9) processes in the grounded theory

process. The purpose of grounded theory is to provide systematic guidelines for gathering,
synthesizing, analyzing, and conceptualizing qualitative data, which is why the researchers chose

this type of data analysis because it has many benefits for us and makes it easier to gather the

data that the researchers require. The researchers have 12 respondents in the study, which is the

maximum number for phenomenological research. Some of the responders' responses share

concepts, while others do not.

Findings

Children growing up in broken families often experience emotional distress and face challenges

that can impact their academic performance. Therefore, it is essential to understand the

experiences and impacts of having a broken family on students. This study aims to identify the

experiences and impacts of having broken families on senior high school students at Colegio de

San Juan de Letran, Manila. The research question is: What are the lived experiences of SHS

students from Letran with broken families? The findings of this study can provide insights to

parents, teachers, and schools on how to support students with broken families and contribute to

a better understanding of the impact of broken families on students' academic performance and

emotional well-being.

1. Positive Experiences of Students from Broken Families

These findings provide insight into the experiences and impacts of growing up in a broken

family on Senior High School students' physical, emotional, social, and mental well-being. It is

important to acknowledge both the positive experiences and challenges that students may face, as

well as the effects that a broken family can have on their lives. Further research is needed to

develop effective interventions to support students with broken families and to better understand

their experiences in different contexts.

1.1 Independence
One of the positive experiences shared by the students in this study was the development of

independence as a result of growing up in a broken family. One interviewee specifically

mentioned, "I became independent. I learned that when I want to buy or get something, I really

work for it." This statement reflects a significant growth in the interviewee's mindset and

approach to achieving their goals. Living in a broken family often entails facing financial

challenges and limitations. With limited resources and support, students from broken families

may find themselves having to rely on their own efforts to fulfill their desires and needs. In the

case of the interviewee, this meant recognizing that if they wanted something, they had to work

hard to attain it. This newfound sense of independence can have profound effects on various 12

aspects of a student's life. First and foremost, it instills a strong work ethic and a determination to

take initiative. The interviewee's statement demonstrates a shift in their mindset, where they

realize that they cannot simply rely on others or expect things to be handed to them. Instead, they

have come to understand the importance of personal effort and actively working towards their

aspirations. By experiencing the need to work for what they want, the interviewee has likely

gained a valuable understanding of the value of money and the importance of financial

responsibility. They have learned to prioritize and make conscious decisions about how to

allocate their resources. This aspect of independence not only contributes to their personal

growth but also prepares them for the future, where financial independence and responsibility are

essential.

1.2 Resilience

Another positive experience expressed by the students was the cultivation of resilience. One

interviewee shared, “Despite the difficulties, I have learned to bounce back and stay strong.”

Growing up in a broken family often presents numerous challenges and obstacles, but these
experiences have taught the students how to persevere and overcome adversity. They have

developed resilience. This resilience can be applied not only in their personal lives but also in

their academic pursuits and future endeavors. These positive experiences of independence and

resilience demonstrate that, despite the difficulties associated with growing up in a broken

family, SHS students have the capacity to thrive and grow. Understanding and acknowledging

these positive aspects can help parents, teachers, and schools provide the necessary support and

guidance to foster further personal development and success among students from broken

families. It is crucial to recognize and build upon these strengths to promote their overall well-

being and academic achievements. Further research is needed to explore the specific mechanisms

through which students develop independence and resilience in the context of broken families.

By gaining a deeper understanding of these experiences, interventions and support systems can

be tailored to effectively assist students in harnessing their strengths and overcoming challenges.

Additionally, investigating the 13 long-term impact of these positive experiences on students'

overall well-being and future outcomes would contribute to a more comprehensive

understanding of the effects of broken families on SHS students.

2. Challenges that Students from Broken Families Faced

Students from broken families face financial hardship due to separation or divorce, which can

make it difficult for parents to provide for their children's basic needs. Emotional support is also

lacking, leaving students feeling abandoned, isolated, and unloved. Socially, students may

struggle to form meaningful relationships with peers, and may have difficulty trusting others or

opening up about their experiences. Academic performance can also be affected, as students may

have difficulty concentrating in class, completing homework, or attending school regularly.

may not have had positive role models in their own families.

2.1 Lack of Emotional Support

One significant challenge faced by students from broken families is the lack of emotional

support. The absence of one or both parents can leave a void in their lives, resulting in feelings of

loss, abandonment, and insecurity. One respondent has indicated “.....Kami lang dalawa ng

mother ko magkasama. May ibang pamilya na kase yung father ko. Kilala ko yung father ko pero

hindi kami nagkakausap or nagkakasama.” Without the presence of a stable and nurturing family

environment, these students may struggle to find the emotional support they need during

challenging times. Coping with the emotional distress caused by family breakdown can be

overwhelming, and without a strong support system, students may feel isolated and

misunderstood.

2.2 Financial Difficulties

Another common challenge experienced by students from broken families is financial

difficulties. When parents separate or divorce, it often leads to a change in the family's financial

situation. The additional expenses associated with maintaining two households, legal fees, and

potential loss of income can put a strain on the family's finances. One respondent said, “.... Dami

14 naming gastusin. Hindi ko na alam saan kami kukuha. Ang hirap maging mahirap” As a

result, students may face limitations in accessing basic necessities, educational resources,

extracurricular activities, and other opportunities that could enhance their academic and personal

development.

2.3 Conflict and Instability Conflicts

Ongoing disputes, arguments, and disagreements can create tension and negatively impact the

overall well-being of the students. A participant stated “.......masaya naman yung pamilya namin

nun eh kaso yun nga lang sila nag-aaway and yung tatay ko nag cheat sa mama ko kaya ganun.”

Witnessing or being caught in the middle of parental conflicts can be emotionally distressing and

affect their ability to focus on their studies. The constant changes and uncertainties associated

with a broken family can disrupt their sense of stability and security, making it challenging to

maintain a consistent academic performance. The results of this study revealed that students with

broken families experience emotional distress, such as stress, anxiety, and depression. They also

face challenges that can impact their academic performance, such as financial difficulties, lack of

parental support, and conflicts between parents. The participants also reported feeling a sense of

loss, abandonment, and insecurity due to the absence of one or both parents. However, some

participants also reported positive experiences, such as increased independence, resilience, and

empathy. The findings suggest that the experiences of students with broken families are complex

and varied, and they can have both negative and positive impacts on their academic performance

and emotional well-being.

Discussions

Despite the challenges that participants faced, positive attitudes and behaviors were evident.

After a thorough study of the results, following an extensive examination of the data, the

researchers discovered that students who came from broken homes or are currently dealing with

this issue are more likely to feel emotional discomfort, anxiety, and depression but also have a

positive experience such as increased independence, resilience, and empathy. Moreover, it was
shown in the data that students who did not have parental support struggled with their academic

performance and financial issues. Each participant approaches challenges differently based on

their daily experiences; others have actively avoided the situations. Nevertheless, individuals

used their struggles as students and members of broken families as inspiration to set objectives

for their families by excelling in school. This study can help readers and potential researchers

better comprehend the subject matter and the challenges that SHS students face on a daily basis.

Future researchers can conduct further research on how students process their decision-making

about how to live their life since while experiencing this problem as we, the researchers, did not

address this subject. The most significant part of these findings is the different outcomes of SHS

students who are experiencing this problem. Not all students are struggling and suffering; some

students view this as a challenge and a lesson for them to be better students or a person in

general. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate to readers and prospective researchers that

students who have problems of this sort should not allow them to stop them from living their life,

since difficulties shouldn't prevent us from existing but rather serve as lessons in why we should

be optimistic.

Conclusion

While conducting this research and interviews, having a broken family is indeed hard for the

respondents, they experience some problems that are sometimes hard to face. Having a broken

family has a big impact on every student for the reason that they have so many things in their

mind as a student and a member of their family. A person's personality, beliefs, and abilities are

shaped in large part by their family. Everything about a student mostly relies on the state of the

family they belonged to. The family dynamics were unhealthy and the parents did not provide

the children with the necessary home life. A broken family could have short-term effects as well
as long-term ones on a person. Students in broken families don’t feel safe. They are afraid that

something bad will happen at any time. They are likely to carry that anxiety into adulthood.

These people might experience issues interfacing with others, shaping connections, or keeping

up with solid connections. The researchers are fully aware that the effects of having a broken

family are negative to these students, their families should take action so they don't feel that

they're experiencing a broken family. Families that fall apart have a significant influence on

children's physical, emotional, social, and mental well-being because parents have the most

important part in their child's social and emotional growth because they provide the most daily

interactions. Financial hardship, communication challenges, and a lack of intimacy are among

the most prevalent causes of parental separation. Financial support is essential for minimizing the

negative impacts of single parenting, but social and cultural activities should also be offered.

Children's experiences in broken homes are not necessarily unpleasant, and some may find

resilience and growth as a result of the difficulties they confront. To put it simply, fractured

homes have a number of negative consequences for the children who grow up in them, and

children all over the world try to cope in very similar ways.