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Module 3

Module 3 covers key marketing decisions including physical distribution, supply chain management, promotion, integrated marketing communication, sales management, and personal selling. It emphasizes the importance of delivering the right product at the right time and cost, coordinating supply chain activities, and utilizing various promotional tools for effective marketing. The module also outlines the personal selling process and the skills necessary for successful sales interactions.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
4 views3 pages

Module 3

Module 3 covers key marketing decisions including physical distribution, supply chain management, promotion, integrated marketing communication, sales management, and personal selling. It emphasizes the importance of delivering the right product at the right time and cost, coordinating supply chain activities, and utilizing various promotional tools for effective marketing. The module also outlines the personal selling process and the skills necessary for successful sales interactions.
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Module 3 – Marke ng Decisions II

Detailed Summary

1. Physical Distribu on

 Meaning: Movement of goods/services from producer → consumer.

 Ensures the right product, at the right place, at the right me, at the right cost.

 Factors Influencing Physical Distribu on:

1. Nature of product (perishable vs durable).

2. Market loca on & size.

3. Cost of transporta on.

4. Compe tors’ distribu on channels.

5. Availability of intermediaries.

 Marke ng Channels:

o Tradi onal: Manufacturer → Wholesaler → Retailer → Consumer.

o Contemporary: Online pla orms, direct selling, mul -channel marke ng.

2. Supply Chain Management (SCM)

 Defini on: Coordina on of suppliers, manufacturers, warehouses, distributors, and retailers


to deliver goods efficiently.

 Components of SCM:

1. Planning – demand forecas ng, resource alloca on.

2. Sourcing – selec ng suppliers & managing rela onships.

3. Making – manufacturing, assembling, quality control.

4. Delivering – logis cs, warehousing, distribu on.

5. Returning – handling product returns, a er-sales service.

 Importance: Reduces costs, increases customer sa sfac on, improves compe veness.

3. Promo on

 Meaning: Ac vi es to inform, persuade, and remind customers about products.

 Importance: Creates awareness, builds brand loyalty, s mulates demand.

 Elements of Promo on Mix:


1. Adver sing – paid, non-personal communica on (TV, social media).

2. Sales Promo on – short-term incen ves (discounts, coupons, freebies).

3. Public Rela ons (PR) – goodwill, publicity, press releases.

4. Personal Selling – direct interac on with customers.

5. Direct Marke ng – SMS, emails, telemarke ng.

4. Integrated Marke ng Communica on (IMC)

 Defini on: Coordinated use of different promo onal tools for consistent messaging.

 Scope: Adver sing, PR, personal selling, social media, sponsorships.

 Importance:

o Provides clarity & consistency.

o Builds stronger brand image.

o Cost-effec ve (avoids duplica on).

o Improves customer rela onships.

5. Sales Management

 Defini on: Planning, direc on, and control of personal selling ac vi es.

 Components:

1. Sales Planning – se ng sales goals, quotas, strategies.

2. Sales Organiza on – structuring sales force.

3. Sales Force Management – recruitment, training, mo va on.

4. Sales Control – monitoring & evalua ng performance.

 Emerging Trends in Selling:

o Digital selling (e-commerce, social media).

o Customer Rela onship Management (CRM) tools.

o Use of AI & data analy cs in sales forecas ng.

6. Personal Selling

 Defini on: Face-to-face interac on to persuade customers.

 Process of Personal Selling:

1. Prospec ng – finding poten al customers.


2. Pre-approach – gathering informa on.

3. Approach – first contact with customer.

4. Presenta on & Demonstra on – explaining product benefits.

5. Handling Objec ons – resolving doubts.

6. Closing the Sale – securing customer commitment.

7. Follow-up & A er-sales Service – maintaining rela onship.

 Skills Required for Effec ve Selling:

o Communica on skills.

o Product knowledge.

o Persuasion & nego a on.

o Confidence & pa ence.

o Customer service orienta on.

Quick Recap (Keywords)

 Physical Distribu on = right product, place, me, cost.

 SCM = planning, sourcing, making, delivering, returning.

 Promo on Mix = adver sing, sales promo, PR, personal selling, direct marke ng.

 IMC = consistent, integrated promo on.

 Sales Management = planning, organizing, mo va ng, controlling sales force.

 Personal Selling = 7-step process + skills.

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