SCIENCE

CBSE - 10th
Time Allowed : 3 Hours Maximum Marks : 80

General Instructions :
i. This question paper consists of 39 questions in 5 sections.
ii. All questions are compulsory. However, an internal choice is provided in some questions. A student is expected
to attempt only one of these questions.
iii. Section A consists of 20 objective type questions carrying 1 mark each.
iv. Section B consists of 6 Very Short questions carrying 02 marks each. Answers to these questions should be in
the range of 30 to 50 words.
v. Section C consists of 7 Short Answer type questions carrying 03 marks each. Answers to these questions should
be in the range of 50 to 80 words.
vi. Section D consists of 3 Long Answer type questions carrying 05 marks each. Answers to these questions should
be in the range of 80 to 120 words.
vii. Section E consists of 3 source-based/case-based units of assessment of 04 marks each with sub-parts.

SECTION - A
Select and write the most appropriate option out of the four options given for each of the questions 1 - 20.
There is no negative mark for incorrect response.
1. The trachea is prevented from collapsing by
(a) complete cartilaginous rings (b) incomplete cartilaginous rings
(c) bony rings (d) chitinous rings.
2. Refer to the given figure depicting locations of several endocrine glands in a human and answer the
following questions.
q p
r

s t
Thymus

v Kidney
u

Deficiency of hormone of which gland causes:

(i) Dwarfism? (ii) Diabetes mellitus? (iii) Goitre?
(i) (ii) (iii)
(a) p q r
(b) s v r
(c) r u t
(d) q s u
3. Match the labelled parts of the given figure with the correct option.

A B C D E

(a) Fallopian tube Oviduct Uterus Cervix Vagina
(b) Oviduct Vas deferens Ovary Vagina Cervix
(c) Ovary Oviduct Uterus Cervix Vagina
(d) Ovary Fallopian tube Uterus Vagina Cervix
4. When a big fish eats a small fish, which eats water fleas supported by phytoplankton, the water fleas are
(a) primary consumers (b) secondary consumers
(c) top consumer (d) producers.
5. The angle between an incident ray and the plane mirror is 35°. The total angle between the incident ray and
reflected ray will be
(a) 35° (b) 70° (c) 105° (d) 110°
6. What is the direction of magnetic field at a point A above the wire carrying current I as shown in the
adjoining figure?
A

Wire
(a) out of the page (b) into the page (c) up the page (d) down the page
7. Which of the following is true about point P ?
3A 6V

2A
4
R
1 3
2 P
2R
(a) Current is flowing in direction 4.
(b) Electron is flowing in direction 4.
(c) Electrons is flowing in either direction 1 or direction 3.
(d) Electron is flowing in direction 2.
8. A ray of light falls normally or perpendicularly on the surface of a mirror. Which of the following is not true
regarding this?
(a) The angle of incidence for such a ray of light is zero.
(b) The angle of reflection for such a ray of light is zero.
(c) Such ray of light reflects back along the same path.
(d) A ray of light in this case does not follow law of reflection.
9. What can be deduced from the following diagram showing a current flowing in a straight wire surrounded by
four compasses?
 Current direction

(a) The magnetic field caused by the four compasses put close together will always cause the compass
needles to point in a circle.
(b) Compass needles are affected by the material of the wire.
(c) Compass needles are affected by the circular electric field in the wire.
(d) Compass needles are affected by the circular magnetic field produced by the current in the wire.
10. Which among the following is(are) double displacement reaction(s)?
(i) Pb + CuCl2 PbCl2 + Cu
(ii) Na2SO4 + BaCl2 BaSO4 + 2NaCl
(iii) C + O2 CO2
(iv) CH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2O
(a) (i) and (iv) only (b) (ii) only
(c) (i) and (ii) only (d) (iii) and (iv) only
11. Select the correct representation of the safest method to detect hydrogen gas produced in a reaction.

(a) (b)
Zn + dil. H2SO4 Zn + dil. H2SO4

(c) (d)
Zn + dil. H2SO4 Zn + dil. H2SO4

12. What are (X), (Y) and (Z) in the given figure?

Anode ⊕ Cathode
(Water treatment, swimming Z Y
pools, PVC, disinfectants, (Fuels, margarine,
CFCs, pesticides) ammonia for fertilisers)

Brine containing
Brine – X
Cl
– +
OH Na (De-greasing metals, soaps and
+ detergents, paper making
H
artificial fibres)
Membrane
X      Y       Z
(a) H2 Cl2 NaOH
(b) NaOH H2 Cl2
(c) NaOH Cl2 H2
(d) Cl2 H2 NaOH
13. A metal carbonate X on treatment with a mineral acid liberates a gas which when passed through aqueous
solution of a substance Y gives back X. The substance Y on reaction with the gas obtained at anode during
electrolysis of brine gives a compound Z, which can decolourise coloured fabrics. The compounds X, Y and
Z respectively are
(a) CaCO3, Ca(OH)2, CaOCl2 (b) Ca(OH)2, CaO, CaOCl2
(c) CaCO3, CaOCl2, Ca(OH)2 (d) Ca(OH)2, CaCO3, CaOCl2
14. pH of different solutions are given in the table below:
Solution pH
P 2.2–2.4
Q 13.8–14.0
R 6.5–7.5
S 8.0–9.0
–
Arrange these solutions in the increasing order of OH ion concentration.
(a) S < R < Q < P (b) P < R < S < Q (c) R < S < Q < P (d) Q < S < R < P
15. Observe the given figure and answer the question that follows:

Battery Bulb

Clips Switch

A B
Insert sample
to be tested
Bulb glows when ______ wire is placed between the terminals A and B.
(i) Copper (ii) Aluminium (iii) Iron (iv) Silver
(a) (i) and (iii) (b) (i), (ii) and (iii) (c) Only (iv) (d) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
16. Select the correct statement(s) regarding the given allotropes of carbon.

(I) (II) (III)

(i) A crystal of (II) is a giant molecule consisting of only carbon atoms.
(ii) The density of (II) is much lower than that of (I).
(iii) Allotrope (III) is the softest one.
(a) (i) only (b) (i) and (iii) only (c) (ii) only (d) (i), (ii) and (iii)
Question No. 17 to 20 consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Answer these questions
selecting the appropriate option given below:
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, and R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
17. Assertion : The plants store some of the waste products in their body parts.
Reason : Plants can get rid off excess water by transpiration.
18. Assertion : Monohybrid cross deals with inheritance of one pair of contrasting characters.
Reason : Dihybrid cross deals with inheritance of two pairs of contrasting characters.
19. Assertion : 2, 4-Dimethylhept-5-ene is
CH3 CH3

CH3 CH CH CH CH2 CH CH3

Reason : The double bond gets preference to the alkyl group.
20. Assertion : The connecting wires are made of copper.
Reason : The electrical conductivity of copper is high.

SECTION - B
Question No. 21 to 26 are very short answer questions.
21. The electronic configurations of two elements A and B are 2, 8, 1 and 2, 8, 7 respectively. Which one of them
is a metal and which is a non-metal?
22. How does chemical coordination take place in animals?
23. List two preparations shown every month by the uterus in anticipation of pregnancy in humans.
24. (a) What is a gene?
(b) What is heredity?
OR
List the seven pairs of contrasting characters of experimental plant studied by Mendel.
25. Why do stars appear to twinkle ? Explain.
26. A rectangular coil ABCD is placed between the pole pieces of a horse-shoe magnet as shown in figure.

(i) What is the direction of force on each arm?

(ii) What is the effect of the forces on the coil?
OR
A current carrying conductor is placed in a magnetic field now answer the following :
(i) List the factors on which the magnitude of force experienced by conductor depends.
(ii) When is the magnitude of this force maximum?

SECTION - C
Question No. 27 to 33 are short answer questions.
27. (a) "Veins are thin walled and have valves". Justify the statement.
(b) In birds and mammals the left and right side of the heart are separated. Give reason.
OR
What are the necessary conditions for photosynthesis? How is it significant to mankind?
28. Differentiate between self-pollination and cross-pollination.
29. How do germ cells make a single set of genes from two normal copies of genes?
30. A student takes three beakers A, B and C filled with aqueous solutions of glucose, alcohol and hydrochloric
acid respectively as shown in the following figures :
 Battery Bulb Switch Battery Bulb Battery Bulb Switch
Switch

Beaker Beaker Beaker

Graphite rod Graphite rod Graphite rod
Glucose Alcohol
Dilute hydrochloric acid

A B C

(a) State your observation in terms of glowing of bulb when the switch is ‘ON’.
(b) Justify your observations by giving reason in each case.
(c) Mention the change noticed with appropriate reason if the content of beaker B is replaced by sodium
hydroxide solution.
31. A yellow brittle element on burning produces a suffocating gas. The solution of this gas in water turns blue
litmus paper red. Answer the following questions :
(a) Is the solution of gas in water acidic or basic?
(b) Is the yellow substance a metal or a non-metal?
(c) Name the gas and the yellow brittle element.
32. Write about power of accommodation of human eye. Explain why the image distance in the eye does not
change when we change the distance of an object from the eye?
33. What are magnetic field lines? Justify the following statements:
(i) Two magnetic field lines never intersect each other.
(ii) Magnetic field are closed curves.

SECTION - D
Question No. 34 to 36 are long answer questions.
34. (a) What are two different ways in which glucose is oxidised to provide energy in various organisms?
(b) Write any two differences between the two ways of oxidation of glucose in organisms.
OR
(a) Draw a diagram of excretory system in human beings and label on it : aorta, vena cava, urinary bladder
and urethra.
(b) Write in brief the function of following :
(i) Ureter (ii) Urethra (iii) Urinary bladder (iv) Kidney
35. The diagram given below shows the apparatus that can be used for electrolysis of water. This is done by
passing electricity through acidified water.
Battery (6 V)
Switch

Gas A Gas B
Test tube

Graphite rod
Cathode
Anode Acidified water
(a) Name the gas A.
(b) Name the gas B.
(c) What type of reaction is taking place? Give a reason for your answer.
(d) Write the chemical equation for this reaction.
(e) Give one test to detect the gas produced at cathode.
 OR
(i) A green salt on heating decomposes to produce a colourless suffocating gas and leaves behind a reddish
brown residue. Name the salt and write the decomposition reaction.
Wafting gas gently
towards nose

Do not point the

mouth of boiling tube Boiling tube
at your neighbours or Green salt
yourself
Burner

(ii) Old oil paintings get blackened over the years due to reactions with pollutant gases in the air.
(a) Name the gas responsible for discolouration of the paintings.
(b) Give the formula of the black substance formed.
(c) How can the original colour of paintings be restored?
36. (a) To construct a ray diagram we use two rays which are so chosen that it is easy to know their directions
after reflection from the mirror. Use these two rays and draw ray diagram to locate the image of an
object placed between pole and focus of a concave mirror.
(b) A concave mirror produces four times magnified image on a screen. If the objects placed 30 cm in front of
the mirror, how far is the screen from the object?
OR
A student focussed the image of a candle flame on a white screen using a convex lens. He noted down the
position of the candle screen and the lens as under
Position of candle = 12.0 cm, Position of convex lens = 50.0 cm, Position of the screen = 88.0 cm
(i) What is the focal length of the convex lens?
(ii) Where will the image be formed if he shifts the candle towards the lens at a position of 31.0 cm?
(iii) What will be the nature of the image formed if he further shifts the candle towards the lens?
(iv) Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of the image in case (iii) as said above.

SECTION - E
Question No. 37 to 39 are case-based/data-based questions with 2 to 3 short sub-parts.
Internal choice is provided in one of these sub-parts.
37. Andre Marie Ampere suggested that a magnet must exert an equal and opposite force on a current carrying
conductor, which was experimentally found to be true. But we know that current is due to changes in motion.
Thus, it is clear that a charge moving in a magnetic field experience a force, except when it is moving in a
direction parallel to it. If the direction of motion is perpendicular to the direction of magnetic field, the
magnitude of force experienced depends on the charge, velocity (v), strength of magnetic field (B), and sine
of the angle between v and B. Direction of magnetic force is given by Fleming’s left hand rule.
Left hand Magnetic field
A B
Magnetic field Fo
rc
e or
m
Current

ot
io
n
Current

C
Vertically
Force or motion downward
(i) (ii)
 (a) If an electron is travelling horizontally towards east, what is the direction of force experienced by the
electron for a magnetic field in vertically downward direction exerts a force on the electron along?
(b) If a charged particle is moving along a magnetic field line, then what is the magnetic force on the
particle?
(c) What is magnetic lines of force?
OR
A uniform magnetic field exists in the plane of paper pointing from left to right as shown in figure. In
the field an electron and a proton move as shown. Find the forces experienced by the electron and the
proton.
Proton

Uniform
magnetic
field

Electron

38. The introduction of disposable plastic cups was hailed as a step forward for reasons of hygiene. These cups
made up of clay are the most commonly found solid wastes and cause environmental pollution.
(a) Kulhads are not recommended over plastic paper disposable cups. Why?
(b) What would be the advantages of disposable paper cups over disposable plastic cups?
OR
The committee members of Aryan's society placed two bins-green coloured and blue coloured in their
premises for garbage collection. Given is the list of few solid wastes generated in his society. Segregate the
wastes in their respective bins.
Paper cup, credit card, fruit and vegetables peels, cardboard, metal rod, aluminium foil, plastic key
chain, pencil, glass sheet
39. A series of organic compounds having same functional group, with similar or almost identical chemical
characteristics in which all the members can be represented by the same general formula and the two
consecutive members of the series differ by —CH2 group or 14 mass unit in their molecular formulae
is called a homologous series. For example, all the members of alcohol family can be represented by the
general formula, CnH2n+1OH where, n may have the values 1, 2, 3, ... etc. The various members of a particular
homologous series are called homologues. The physical properties such as density, melting point, boiling
point, solubility, etc. of the members of a homologous series show almost regular variation in ascending or
descending the series.
(a) What is the general formula of the homologous series of alkynes?
(b) The table shows the formulae of three organic compounds that belong to the same homologous series.
First member of the homologous series CH3 O CH3
Second member of the homologous series CH3CH2 O CH3
Third member of the homologous series CH3CH2CH2 O CH3
What is the general formula of this series?
(c) Write down the molecular formula of the initial four members of CnH2n+2 homologous series.
OR
Write down the molecular formula of the initial four members of alcohol homologous series.