Tutorial solution outline

Question 1

Boundary conditions 𝑃𝑥
+𝐷 , 0≤𝑥≤𝐿
𝐴𝐸
(1) 𝑢 = 0 at 𝑥 = 0 ⟹𝑢=
𝑃𝑥
+𝐷 , 𝐿 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2𝐿
(2) 𝜎 = at 𝑥 = 2𝑙 𝐴𝐸

(3) 𝑢 are the same for AB and BC at 𝑥 = 𝐿 Boundary Condition (1) gives 𝐷 = 0

Since there is no body force, Boundary condition (3) gives

𝑑𝜎 𝑃𝐿 1 1
=0⟹𝜎 =𝐶 𝐷 = −
𝑑𝑥 𝐴 𝐸 𝐸

Apply boundary condition (2) to get 𝐶 = 𝑃/𝐴 Therefore,

𝑃𝑥
Since 𝜎 = 𝐸 , , 0≤𝑥≤𝐿
𝐴𝐸
𝑃 𝑢=
𝑃 𝑃𝐿
, 0≤𝑥≤𝐿 (𝑥 − 𝐿) + , 𝐿 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2𝐿
𝑑𝑢 𝐴𝐸 𝐴𝐸 𝐴𝐸
=
𝑑𝑥 𝑃
, 𝐿 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2𝐿
𝐴𝐸

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Tutorial solution outline
Question 2
Because the plate is now made from 2 different materials, the following equation from Slide 28,

/ /
𝐸𝑧 𝜕 𝑤 𝜕 𝑤
𝑀 = 𝑧𝜎 𝑑𝑧 = − +𝜐 𝑑𝑧
/ / 1−𝜐 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦
Needs to be changed to,

𝐸 𝑧 𝜕 𝑤 𝜕 𝑤 𝐸𝑧 𝜕 𝑤 𝜕 𝑤 𝐸 𝑧 𝜕 𝑤 𝜕 𝑤
𝑀 = 𝑧𝜎 𝑑𝑧 = − +𝜐 𝑑𝑧 + − +𝜐 𝑑𝑧 Δ𝑦 + − +𝜐 𝑑𝑧
1−𝜐 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 1−𝜐 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 1−𝜐 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦

2 𝐸𝑡 𝜕 𝑤 𝜕 𝑤 7𝐸 𝑡 𝜕 𝑤 𝜕 𝑤 𝜕 𝑤 𝜕 𝑤
=⋯=− +𝜐 + +𝜐 =− 𝐷 +𝐷 − 𝜐 𝐷 +𝜐 𝐷
3 1−𝜐 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 1−𝜐 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦

Similar changes to the integrals for 𝑀 and 𝑀 give

𝜕 𝑤 𝜕 𝑤 𝜕 𝑤
𝑀 =− 𝐷 +𝐷 − 𝜐 𝐷 +𝜐 𝐷 , 𝑀 = −(𝐷 1 − 𝜐 +𝐷 1−𝜐 )
𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦

Inserting the new expressions for 𝑀 , 𝑀 , 𝑀 into eqn (5) on Slide 32 (shown below), gives the final answer

𝜕 𝑀 𝜕 𝑀 𝜕 𝑀
+2 + = −𝑝, (5) 100
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑥𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑦
Tutorial solution outline
Navier’s solution:
Question 3
1 𝐶 𝑚𝜋𝑥 𝑛𝜋𝑦
𝑤= sin sin
𝐷𝜋 𝑚 𝑛 𝑎 𝑏
Front wall 𝑎 +
𝑏

2𝑚
where,
𝑦
4 𝑚𝜋𝑥 𝑛𝜋𝑦
𝐶 = 𝑝 𝑥, 𝑦 sin sin 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦
𝑧 𝑎𝑏 𝑎 𝑏

6𝑚 For this question, 𝑝(𝑥, 𝑦) is due to the water pressure, i.e., 𝑝 𝑥, 𝑦 = 𝜌𝑔𝑥
𝑝 = 𝜌𝑔𝑥
Therefore the expression for 𝐶 is
4𝜌𝑔 𝑛𝜋𝑦 𝑚𝜋𝑥 4𝜌𝑔 𝑏 𝑎
𝐶 = sin 𝑑𝑦 𝑥 sin 𝑑𝑥 = ⋯ = cos 𝑛𝜋 − 1 cos 𝑚𝜋
𝑎𝑏 𝑏 𝑎 𝑎𝑏 𝑛𝜋 𝑚𝜋
8𝑎𝜌𝑔
= − 𝑚𝑛𝜋 cos 𝑚𝜋 , 𝑛 𝑜𝑑𝑑
𝑥 0, 𝑛 𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛

Inserting 𝐶 into the expression for 𝑤 gives the answer.

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Tutorial solution outline

Question 4

Assumed solution, 𝑤 = 𝐴 sin sin . Strain energy is given as 𝑈 =

Outcome 1 Outcome 2

Potential of spheres, Potential of spheres,

𝑎 𝑎 𝑎 𝑟
𝜋 +𝑟 𝜋 𝜋 −𝑟 𝜋 𝜋 2+ 𝑎
𝑉 = −𝑀𝑔𝐴 sin 2 sin − 𝑀𝑔𝐴 sin 2 sin 𝜋 2 − 𝑟/ 2
𝑎 2 𝑎 2 2
𝑉 = −𝑀𝑔𝐴 sin − 𝑀𝑔𝐴 sin
𝑎 𝑎
Given 𝑟 = 0.1𝑎, ⇒ 𝑉 = −1.902𝑀𝑔𝐴
Given 𝑟 = 0.1𝑎, ⇒ 𝑉 = −1.903𝑀𝑔𝐴
Apply PMPE,
Apply PMPE,
𝑑(𝑈 + 𝑉) 1.902𝑀𝑔𝑎
=0⟹𝐴= 𝑑(𝑈 + 𝑉) 1.903𝑀𝑔𝑎
𝑑𝐴 𝐷𝜋 =0⟹𝐴=
𝑑𝐴 𝐷𝜋
1.902 𝑀 𝑔 𝑎
⟹Π=𝑈+𝑉 =− 1.903 𝑀 𝑔 𝑎
2𝐷𝜋 ⟹Π=𝑈+𝑉 =−
2𝐷𝜋

Since Π of Outcome 2 is lower, it is closer to equilibrium than Outcome 1

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Question 5
Point load 𝐹 means,

Navier’s solution: 𝑝 𝑞𝑟 = 𝐹, 𝑞, 𝑟 → 0
𝑚𝜋𝑞 𝑚𝜋𝑞 𝑛𝜋𝑟 𝑛𝜋𝑟
1 𝐶 𝑚𝜋𝑥 𝑛𝜋𝑦 𝑞, 𝑟 → 0 ⇒ sin ≈ , sin ≈
𝑤= sin sin 2𝑎 2𝑎 2𝑏 2𝑏
𝐷𝜋 𝑚 𝑛 𝑎 𝑏
𝑎 + 𝑚𝜋𝑄 𝑚𝜋𝑞 𝑛𝜋𝑅 𝑛𝜋𝑟
𝑏 sin 𝑎 sin 2𝑎 sin sin
16𝑝 𝑏 2𝑏 sin 𝑚𝜋𝑥 sin 𝑛𝜋𝑦
∴𝑤=
𝐷𝜋 𝑚 𝑛 𝑎 𝑏
where, 𝑚𝑛 𝑎 +
𝑏
4 𝑚𝜋𝑥 𝑛𝜋𝑦 𝑚𝜋𝑄 𝑛𝜋𝑅
𝐶 = 𝑝 𝑥, 𝑦 sin sin 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑦 16𝑝 𝑚𝜋𝑞 𝑛𝜋𝑟 sin 𝑎 sin
𝑎𝑏 𝑎 𝑏 = 𝑏 sin 𝑚𝜋𝑥 sin 𝑛𝜋𝑦
4𝑝 /
𝑚𝜋𝑥 /
𝑛𝜋𝑦 𝐷𝜋 2𝑎 2𝑏 𝑚 𝑛 𝑎 𝑏
= sin 𝑑𝑥 sin 𝑑𝑥 𝑚𝑛 𝑎 +
𝑎𝑏 𝑎 𝑏 𝑏
/ /
𝑚𝜋𝑄 𝑛𝜋𝑅
16𝑝 𝑚𝜋𝑄 𝑚𝜋𝑞 𝑛𝜋𝑅 𝑛𝜋𝑟 4𝐹 sin 𝑎 sin
=⋯= sin sin sin sin = 𝑏 sin 𝑚𝜋𝑥 sin 𝑛𝜋𝑦
𝑚𝑛𝜋 𝑎 2𝑎 𝑏 2𝑏 𝐷𝑎𝑏𝜋 𝑚 𝑛 𝑎 𝑏
𝑎 +
𝑏
Hence,
𝑚𝜋𝑄 𝑚𝜋𝑞 𝑛𝜋𝑅 𝑛𝜋𝑟
16𝑝 sin 𝑎 sin 2𝑎 sin sin
𝑤= 𝑏 2𝑏 sin 𝑚𝜋𝑥 sin 𝑛𝜋𝑦
𝐷𝜋 𝑚 𝑛 𝑎 𝑏
𝑚𝑛 𝑎 +
𝑏 103