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The document provides calculations for estimating water demand and population growth for different scenarios. It includes methods for calculating average daily water demand based on population and usage percentages, as well as projections for future population using arithmetic and geometric increase methods. Additionally, it calculates the required design capacities for water treatment and distribution systems based on projected municipal water demand.

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11 views2 pages

Tutorial

The document provides calculations for estimating water demand and population growth for different scenarios. It includes methods for calculating average daily water demand based on population and usage percentages, as well as projections for future population using arithmetic and geometric increase methods. Additionally, it calculates the required design capacities for water treatment and distribution systems based on projected municipal water demand.

Uploaded by

yaredtemesgen29
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

EXCERCISE [WATER SUPPLY & TREATMENT-CENG4181]

CALCULATION TUTORIALS

1. For a town having population of 60,000, estimate average daily demand of water. Assume industrial
use 10%, institutional & commercial use 15 %, public use 5% and livestock 10% of domestic demand.
Take per capita consumption of 50 l/day and leakage to be 5%.

SOLUTION
P = 60,000
Domestic = 50 x 60,000 = 3000000 l/day= 3000 m3/day
Industrial = 0.10 x 3000 m3/day = 300 m3/day,
Inst & com. = 0.15 x 3000 m3/day = 450 m3/day
Public = 0.05 x 3000 m3/day = 150 m3/day
Livestock = 0.10 x 3000 m3/day = 300 m3/day
Leakage = 0.05 x 3000 m3/day = 150 m3/day
Total average daily demand = 4350 m3/day

2. Calculate the water requirements for a community that will reach a population of 120,000 at the
design year. The estimated municipal water demand for the community is 300 l/c/d. Calculate the
fire flow, design capacity of the water treatment plant, and design capacity of the water distribution
system. Use NBFU formula for fire flow.

SOLUTION
P = 120,000
Qday-avg = 300 x 120,000 =36,000,000 L/d = 36000 m3/d
Take PF 1.6 for Qday-max = and 2.0 for Qpeak-hr
Qday-max =1.6 x 36000= 57,600 m3
Qpeak-hr= 2.0 x 36000 = 72,000 m3
Fire flow rate = Q = 4637 * √P * (1 - 0.01*√P )
= 4637 * √120 * (1 - 0.01*√120 ) = 45231 L/min = 65133m3/day
Design capacity of treatment plant = 57,600 m3/day
Distribution system Design capacity = max (72,000 or 57600 + 65133) = 137133 m3/day.

| WSU-2017 1
EXCERCISE [WATER SUPPLY & TREATMENT-CENG4181]

3. The census figure of a city shows population as follows

Present population = 50000


Before one decade = 47100
Before two decades = 43500
Before three decades = 41000
Work out the probable population after one, two and three decades using arithmetic increase and
geometric increase method.

SOLUTION
Arithmetic Increase
Increase in present and first decade 50000 – 47100 = 2900
Increase in first and second decade 47100 - 43500= 3600
Increase in second and third decade 43500 – 41000 = 2500
Average increase = (2900+3600+2500)/3 = 3000

✓ Population after 1st decade = 50000 + 3000 = 53000


✓ Population after 2nd decade = 50000 + 6000 = 56000
✓ Population after 3rd decade = 50000 + 9000 = 59000

Geometric Increase
Percent increase in present and first decade (2900/ 47100)*100 = 6.16 %
Percent increase in first and second decade (3600/ 43500)*100 = 8.26 %
Percent increase in second and third decade (2500/ 41000)*100 = 6.09 %
Average increase = (6.16 + 8.26 + 6.09)/3 = 6.84 %

✓ P after 1st decade = 50000 (1 + 6.84/100)1 = 50342


✓ P after 2nd decade = 50000 (1 + 6.84/100)2 = 53786
✓ P after 3rd decade = 50000 (1 + 6.84/100)3 = 57465
4. The Annual Growth Rate of a town in Ethiopia is 3.5%. Assuming the present population of the town
(in 2010) is 4500, what would be the population in 2025?

SOLUTION
Annual growth rate = 3.5%; Po = 4500
n = 2025-2010 = 15
Pn = Po(1 + AGR/100)n
P15 = 4500(1+3.5/100)15 = 7540

| WSU-2017 2

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