BDwbU

evsjv‡`‡k cÖPwjZ cÖavb cÖavb mvgvwRK AvBbmg~n

6

cvV- 1 t mvgvwRK AvB‡bi msÁv, D‡Ïk¨ I ¸i“Z¡

D‡Ïk¨
GB cvV †k‡l Avcwb

mvgvwRK AvBb ej‡Z wK eySvq;

mvgvwRK AvB‡bi D‡Ïk¨ I ¸i“Z¡;

mvgvwRK AvB‡bi †¶Îmg~n|

f~wgKv
mgv‡Ri gvby‡li evwn¨K AvPiY wbqš¿‡Yi R‡b¨ ivóª KZ©„K wKQ~ wbqg-bxwZ MÖnb Kiv nq; hv f½ Ki‡j kvw¯— ‡fvM
Ki‡Z nq GB me hv f½ Ki‡j kvw¯— ‡fvM Ki‡Z nq GB wbqg Kvbyb ev ixwZ-bxwZ†KB AvBb ejv nq| AvBb
wewfbœ ai‡Yi n‡q _v‡K †hgb-mvgvwRK AvBb, cÖvK…wZK AvBb, †dŠR`vwi AvBb, cÖkvmwbK AvBb I Ri“wi AvBb
BZ¨vw`| Avgv‡`i Av‡jvP¨ welq n‡”Q mvgvwRK AvBb wK Ges Gi D‡Ïk¨ wK wK? G mgv‡R Gi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv
†Kb?
6.1 mvgvwRK AvBb ej‡Z wK eySvq?

mvgvwRK AvB‡bi msÁv

mvgvwRK AvBb ej‡Z mvavibZ mve©‡fvg KZ…©c¶ KZ©„K cÖYxZ I mgvR K©Z…K ¯^xK…Z †m me wbqg Kvbby‡bi
mgwó‡K eySvq; hv mgv‡R cÖPwjZ AevwÃZ I ¶wZKi Ae¯’v cÖwZKvi I cÖwZ‡iva Ae‡nwjZ †kªYxi ¯^v_© D×vi,
ˆ`e-`y‡hv©M †gvKv‡ejv I mvgvwRK Dbœqb Z¡ivwš^Z K‡i|
mgvRKj¨vY Awfav‡bi msÁvbyhvqx ÒA‡e‡nwjZ †kªYxi ¯^v_© msi¶Y I †mev`v‡bi Rb¨ A_ev mvaviY gvby‡li
g‡a¨ hviv kvixwiK c½y, `wi`ª ev A_©‰bwZK I ivR‰bwZK Amyweavi R‡b¨ m‡š—vlRbK Rxeb-hvc‡b A¶g,
Zv‡`i cÖ‡qvRb c~i‡Yi j‡¶¨ †mevg~jK Kvh©µ‡gi e¨e¯’v Kivi Rb¨ cÖewZ©Z AvBbB mvgvwRK AvBb| fviZxq
mgvRKg© wek¦‡Kv‡li g‡Z- Òh_vh_ AvBb wm× KZ…©c‡¶i gva¨‡g M„nxZ mvgvwRK cÖ_vi ms‡kvab‡K mvgvwRK
AvBb ejv †h‡Z cv‡i|Ó
myZivs mvgvwRK AvBb n‡”Q- mgv‡R wewfbœ Ae¨e¯’v `~ixKiY I Dbœq‡b ivóª KZ©„K cÖYxZ I cÖewZ©Z ixwZ-bxwZi
mgwó| mvgvwRK AvB‡bi gva¨‡g mgvR ‡`‡ni ¶wZKi cÖ_v ixwZ-bxwZ g~j¨‡eva I `„wófw½i cwieZ©b mvab K‡i
_v‡K| mvgvwRK AvBb n‡jv mgvR¯’ gvby‡li ¯’vqx AvPvi-AvPiY e¨envi I wPš—vavivi †mB Ask; hv mvaviY
wbqgvejx wn‡m‡e mvg‡R my®úó I AvbyôvwbK ¯^xK…wZ jvf K‡i‡Q Ges hvi cðv‡Z miKv‡ii KZ©„Z¡ I ¶gZv
eZ©gvb| mvgvwRK AvB‡bi KwZcq ˆewkó¨ n‡”Q-
(K) mvgvwRK AvBb n‡jv KZ¸‡jv wewae× AvPvi-e¨envi, mywbw`©ó, mve©Rwbb I me wKQzi D‡aŸ©;
(L) mvgvwRK AvBb gvby‡li †Kej ewn©Rxe‡bi AvPvi-AvPiY‡K wbqš¿Y K‡i;
(M) mvgvwRK w¯’wZkxjZv AwaKvi ewÂZ †kªYxi ¯^v_©-msi¶Y, b¨vq wePvi cÖwZôv, gvbewaKvi cÖwZôv mvgvwRK
AvB‡bi Ab¨Zg ‰ewkó¨;
(N) ixwZwm× cÖ_vi Dbœqb I KzcÖ_vi we‡jvc mva‡bi R‡b¨ mvgvwRK AvBb mnvqZv K‡i;
I‡cb ¯‹zj evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq

(O) mgvR ms¯‹vi I cwiKwíZ cwieZ©‡b Avbq‡b mnvqZv cÖ`vb I mvgvwRK AvB‡bi Ab¨Zg ˆewkó¨;
(P) mvgvwRK AvBb MwZkxj I †`k Kvj‡f‡` cwieZ©bkxj|

6.2 mvgvwRK AvB‡bi D‡Ïk¨ I ¸i“Z¡

mvgvR¯’ gvby‡li evwn¨K AvPvi-AvPiY wbqš¿Y, AwaKvi I ¯^v_© msi¶YGes cÖ‡qvRbxq ms¯‹vi mva‡bi gva¨‡g
evwÂZ Av_©-mvgvwRK cwi‡ek m„wó Ges mvgvwRK AMªMwZ I Kj¨vY jv‡fi D‡Ïk¨ mvgvwRK AvBb j¶¨ I ¸i“Z¡
Acwimxg|
wb‡gœ mvgvwRK AvB‡bi D‡Ïk¨ I ¸i“Z¡ Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv-
1) mvgvwRK wbqš¿Y t mvgvwRK AvB‡bi Ab¨Zg D‡Ïk¨ n‡”Q my¯’ ¯^vfvweK Rxeb hvc‡bi Rb¨ gvby‡li evwn¨K
AvPvi-AvPiY wbqš¿Y K‡i _v‡K| G cÖm‡½ gnvb `vk©wbK GwióU‡ji e‡j‡Qb Ògvbyl me©‡kªô cÖvYx wKš‘ hLb
AvBb Ges b¨vqwePvi †_‡K wewQbœ _v‡K ZLb me‡P‡q Lvivc|Ó
2) AevwÃZ Ae¯’v `~iKiv t mgv‡R we`¨gvb I D™¢~Z ¶wZKi, AevwÂZ I AbvKvw¼Z Ae¯’v †iva Ki‡Z
mvgvwRK AvBb ¸i“Z¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i| mgv‡Ri cÖ‡qvRbxq ms¯‹vi mvabB Gi Ab¨Zg D‡Ïk¨ ‡hgb-
mZx`vn cÖ_v D‡”Q`|
3) cwiKwíZ cwieZ©b t mgv‡Ri AMÖMwZ mva‡bi Rb¨ Ges Aš—ivq m„wóKvix Dcv`vbm~n cÖwZ‡iva K‡í mvgvwRK
AvB‡bi gva‡g cwiKwíZ mvgvwRK cwieZ©b mvab Kiv nq|
4) evwÃZ KvVv‡gv m„wó t evwÃZ I MwZkxj Av_©-mvgvwRK KvVv‡gv m„wói D‡Ïk¨ mvgvwRK AvBb cÖYxZ n‡q
_v‡K|
5) ¯^v_© msi¶Y t RbM‡Yi we‡kwlZ Ae‡nwjZ †kªYxi AwaKvi I ¯^v_© msi¶Y Kiv mvgvwRK AvB‡bi Ab¨Zg
D‡Ïk¨ I ¸i“Z¡ enb K‡i| †hgb-1961 mv‡ji gymwjg cvwievwiK AvBb Gi gva¨‡g G †`‡ki Ae‡nwjZ
bvix‡Mvwôi mv_© msi¶‡Yi ¸i“Z¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb Ki‡Q|
6) mvg¨ I b¨vqwePvi cÖwZôv t mvgvwRK AvBb mgvR †_‡K me© cÖKvi mvgvwRK ‰elg¨ `~i K‡i; mvg¨ I b¨vq
wePvi cÖwZôvq `„p cÖwZÁ| ZvQvov Gi gva¨‡g cÖvß m¤ú` I my‡hvM-myweavi mylg e›Ub wbwðZ Kiv m¤¢e nq|
7) ØÜ wbimb t Av`k© I g~j¨‡evaRwbZ ØÜ wbimb K‡i mvgvwRK AvBb wek„sLjv I ˆbivR¨ cÖwZ‡iva K‡i| ïay
ZvB bq, mvgvwRK AvB‡bi Ab¨Zg D‡Ïk¨ n‡”Q mgv‡R Av`k© I g~j¨‡eva msi¶Y Kiv|
8) mgm¨vi cÖwZKvi, cÖwZ‡iva I Dbœqbt eZ©gv‡b cwiw¯’wZ ev mgm¨vi mgvavb ev cÖwZKvi Ges fwel¨‡Z mgm¨v I
weiƒc cwiw¯’wZi cÖwZ‡iva I Dbœq‡b ¸i“Z¡‡ivc Kiv mvgvwRK AvB‡bi Ab¨Zg j¶¨| †hgb- gv`K `ªe¨
wbqš¿b AvBb -1990 |
9) msnwZ I w¯’wZkxjZv AR©b t mvgvwRK AvBb mgv‡R HK¨, k„sLjv, msnwZ I w¯’wZkxjZv AR©bI eRvq
ivL‡Z e× cwiKi|
10) mvgvwRK wbivcËv weavb t mvgvwRK AvB‡bi Ab¨Zg D‡Ïk¨ n‡”Q- mvgR Rxe‡b D™¢~Z `y‡h©vM Kvjxb `~N©Ubv,
g„Zy¨ BZ¨vw` †¶‡Î AwbwðqZv `~i K‡i mvgvwRK wbivcËv weavb Kiv| †hgb- fwel¨Z Znwej AvBb|
11) mvgvwRK bxwZi ev¯—evqb t mvgvwRK bxwZ ev¯—evq‡bi mnvqZv cÖ`vb mvgvwRK AvB‡bi Ab¨Zg j¶¨| wewfbœ
cÖ_v, Kzms¯‹vi, AÁZv, cÖwZeÜKZv, wek„sLjv BZ¨vw`| cÖwZ‡iva K‡i mvgvwRK AvBb mvgvwRK bxwZ ev¯—
evq‡b AbyKzj cwie‡k m„wó K‡i|
myZivs ejv hvq, mvgvwRK AvBb mgvRKj¨vY, mgvR ms¯‹vi, mvgvwRK wbivcËv weavb, Ae‡nwjZ †kªYxi ¯^v_©
msi¶Y, mvgvwRK Dbœqb mvab Kiv Gi Ab¨Zg j¶¨| G j‡¶¨ D³ ‡¶Îmg~‡n ¸i“Z¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i _v‡K:

mgvRKj¨vY c„ôv # 99
GBP Gm wm †cÖvMÖvg I‡cb ¯‹zj

mvgvwRK AvB‡bi †¶Îmg~n

mvgvwRK AvB‡bi †¶Îmg~n wb‡gœ Av‡jvwPZ n‡jv-

weevn I cwievi welqK AvBbmg~n

evj¨ weevn wb‡iva AvBb - 1929
wn›`y weaev weevn AvBb - 1939
weevn we‡”Q` AvBb - 1956
L„óvb weevn AvBb - 1872
we‡kl weevn AvBb - 1872
fviZxq weevn we‡”Q` AvBb - 1872
gymwjg kwiqZ AvBb - 1937
gymwjg cvwievwiK AvBb - 1961
cvwievwiK weevn I ZvjK (†iwR‡÷ªkb) AvBb - 1974
cvwievwiK Av`vjZ Aa¨v‡`k - 1985

(2) wbh©vZb cÖwZ‡iva welqK mvgvwRK AvBbmg~n

†hŠZK wb‡iva AvBb - 1980
bvix wbh©vZb AW©b¨vÝ - 1983
wkï bvix I wkï wbh©vZb `gb AvBb - 2000

(3) wbivcËv welqK mvgvwRK AvBbmg~n

kªwgK ¶wZc~iY AvBb - 1923
fwel¨ Znwej AvBb - 1925
gwnjv Kg©Pvix‡`i gvZ…Z¡ myweav AvBb - 1939
Pv wkí kªwgK gvZ…Z¡ myweav AvBb - 1950
GwZgLvbv AvBb - 1965
KviLvbv I weaev m`b AvBb - 1944
KviLvbv AvBb - 1965
KviLvbv wewa - 1979

(4) kªg mswk−ó I Kj¨vY welqK mvgvwRK AvBbmg~n

kªwgK ¶wZc~iY AvBb - 1923
cÖwf‡›U dvÛ AvBb - 1925
wkï (kªg eÜb) AvBb - 1933
Pv evMvb kªg Aa¨v‡`k AvBb - 1962
†`vKvb I cÖwZôvb AvBb - 1965
KviLvbv AvBb - 1965
miKvwi I ¯^vwqZ¡kvwmZ Kg©Pvix‡`i Kj¨vY Znwej I
MÖ“c BbwmI‡i¨Ý AwW©b¨vÝ AvBb - 1982

BDwbU- 6 c„ôv # 100

I‡cb ¯‹zj evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq

(5) wkï welqK AvBbmg~nt

K) wk¶vbexk AvBb - 1850
L) widi‡gUwi ¯‹zj AvBb - 1857
M) e½xq wkï AvBb - 1922
N) KviLvbv AvBb - 1934
O) cÖ‡dkb Ae A‡dÛvm© AwW©b¨vÝ - 1960
P) wkï AvBb - 1974

Abykxjbx
m¤¢ve¨ DËi/ms‡¶‡c cÖkœ DËi
1) mvgvwRK AvBb ej‡Z wK eySvq? mvgvwRK AvB‡bi D‡Ïk¨ ¸‡jv/j¶¨ ¸‡jv wK?
2) mvgvwRK AvB‡bi ¸i“Z¡ ms‡¶‡c Av‡jvPbv Ki|
3) mvgvwRK AvB‡bi msÁv `vI| (evsjv‡`‡k)
4) mvgvwRK AvB‡bi msÁv `vI| ms‡¶‡c Gi †¶Îmg~n Av‡jvPbv Ki|

mgvRKj¨vY c„ôv # 101

GBP Gm wm †cÖvMÖvg I‡cb ¯‹zj

cvV- 2 t 1961 mv‡ji gymwjg cvwievwiK AvBb

D‡Ïk¨
GB cvV †k‡l Avcwb

gymwjg cvwievwiK AvBb-1961 Gi D‡j−L‡hvM¨ aviv I ˆewkó¨mg~n

AvBb m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv

gymwjg cvwievwiK AvBb-1961

fywgKvt evsjv‡`‡k gymjgvb bvix‡`i AwaKvi cÖwZôv I wbivcËv cÖ`v‡bi cÖYxZ n‡”Q me©cÖ_g AvBb| GB AvBbwU
we‡kl K‡i gymwjg mgv‡R eûweevn, ZvjvK, fiY-‡cvlY, DËivwaKvi BZ¨vw` cvwievwiK welqvw` ev e¨w³MZ
m¤úK© wbqš¿Y Kivi D‡Ïk¨ cÖYqb Kiv n‡q| 1961 mv‡ji Aa¨v‡`k Rvix nIqvi c~‡e© weevn I mswk−ó wel‡q
†hgb-eûweevn, ZvjvK, fiY-‡cvlY, DËivwaKvi cÖf„wZ wel‡q wKQz wKQz AmvgÄm¨Zv wQj| d‡j weevn I
cvwievwiK AvBb Kwgk‡bi KwZcq mycvwik Kvh©Kix Ki‡Yi j‡¶¨ 1961 mv‡j GB Aa¨v‡`k cÖYxZ nq| mg‡qi
cwieZ©‡bi avivevwnKZvq GB AvB‡bi ms‡kvab, ms‡hvRb I cwieZ©b Kiv n‡q‡Q|
gymwjg cvwievwiK AvBb-1961 Gi D‡j−L¨‡hvM¨ aviv I ˆewkó¨mg~nt
1) GB Aa¨v‡`k 1961 mv‡ji gymwjg cvwievwiK AvBb Aa¨v‡`k bv‡g AwfwnZ|
2) Bnv mgMÖ evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨ GgbwK Aa¨v‡`‡ki 1bs aviv Abyhvqx evsjv‡`‡ki gymwjg bvMwiK‡`i
Dci G AvBbwU cÖ‡hvR¨ |
3) G Aa¨v‡`k 1961 mv‡ji 14B RyjvB Rvix nq| Ab¨ †Kvb AvBb cÖ_v ev cÖPwjZ ixwZ-bxwZ‡Z hvB _vKzK bv
†Kb; GLb †_‡K GB AvB‡bi welqmg~n ejer _vK‡e|
4) gymwjg cvwievwiK AvB‡bi AvIZvq mvwjk cwil` ej‡Z BDwbqb cwil‡`i †Pqvig¨vb Ges GB Aa¨v‡`‡ki
AvIZvf~³ †Kvb wel‡qi mv‡_ RwoZ bvwjk cÖ`vb c¶ I wec¶ mg~‡ni †_‡K 1Rb K‡i cÖwZwbwa wb‡q MwVZ
n‡e| Z‡e kZ© n‡jv I †Kvb c¶ wba©vwiZ mg‡qi g‡a¨ cÖwZwbwa g‡bvwbZ Ki‡Z e¨_© nb †m †¶‡Î D³
cÖwZwbwa QvovB mvwjkx cwil` MwVZ n‡e|
5) †Pqvig¨vb ej‡Z BDwbqb cwil‡`i ev †cŠimfvi †Pqvig¨vb/wgDwbwmc¨vj K‡cv©‡ik‡bi †gqi ev cÖkvmK
A_vev GB Aa¨v‡`k Abymv‡i K¨v›Ub‡g›U GjvKvi †Pqvig¨vb Kvh© m¤úv`‡bi Rb¨ miKvi KZ©„K wbhy³
e¨w³‡K eySvq| Z‡e kZ© _v‡K ‡h, †h †¶‡Î BDwbqb ev †cŠimfvi †Pqvig¨vb Agymjgvb A_vev wZwb
wb‡RB mvwjkx cwil‡` Av‡e`b Ki‡Z B”QzK A_ev Amy¯’Zv ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv Kvi‡Y AcviM, †m‡¶‡Î AÎ
Aa¨v‡`‡ki D‡Ïk¨ Kvh© m¤úv`‡bi Rb¨ BDwbqb cwil` ev ‡cŠimfvi GKRb gymjgvb m`m¨‡K †Pqvig¨vb
wbe©vwPZ Kiv nq|
6) gymwjg AvBb Abymv‡i cÖwZwU weevn †iwR‡÷ªkb Kiv‡Z n‡e| weevn †iwRw÷ªi D‡Ïk¨ BDwbqb KvDwÝj GK
ev GKvwaK e¨w³‡K jvB‡mÝ cÖ`vb K‡i Ges e¨w³ wbKvn †iwR÷ªvi e‡j MY¨ nq|
7) GB AvB‡b weevn‡K ¯^vgx I ¯¿xi g‡a¨ GKwÎ Pzw³ wnmv‡e MY¨ Kiv nq Ges weev‡ni eqm eZ©gv‡b †Q‡j‡`i
22ermi I †g‡q‡`i b~b¨Zg 20ermi avh© Kiv nq|
8) GB AvB‡b †Kvb e¨w³i ¯¿x †eu‡P _vK‡Z wZwb mvwjkx cwil‡`i wjwLZ c~e©vbygwZ Qvov wØZxq weevn Kwi‡Z
cwi‡eb bv wKsev AbygwZ Qvov m¤úvw`Z †Kvb weevn (1974 mv‡ji weevn I ZvjvK †iwR‡÷ªkbKiY
Av‡jv‡K) †iwRw÷ªK…Z n‡e bv| hw` †Kvb e¨w³ mvwjkx cwil‡`i AbygwZ e¨wZ‡i‡K Av‡iKwU weev‡ni Pzw³
K‡ib Zvn‡j wZwb (1) eZ©gvb ¯¿x ev ¯¿xM‡Yi †`b‡gvn‡ii m¤ú~Y© UvKv Zr¶YvZ cwi‡kva Kwi‡eb D³ UvKv
cwi‡kva bv Ki‡Z cvi‡j e‡Kqv f~wg ivR¯^ iƒ‡c Av`vq †hvM¨ n‡e Ges (2) Awf‡hvM †`vlx mve¨¯— n‡e
GK ermi ch©š— A_©`Û wKsev Dfq cÖKvi `‡Û `ÛxZ n‡eb|
9) hw` †Kv‡bv ¯^vgx ZvjvK w`‡Z Pvq Zvn‡j G †¶‡Î 90w`‡bi mgq w`‡Z nq| G mgq †Pqvig¨vb‡K
wjwLZfv‡e Zvjv‡Ki †bvwUk cÖ`vb Ki‡Z Ges GKKwc Zvi ¯¿x‡K cÖ`vb Kiv nq| D³ †bvwUk cÖvwßi ci
†Pqvig¨vb mvwjkx cwil‡`i gva¨‡g 90 w`‡bi wfZi Df‡qi wgj‡bi me©vZ¥K †Póv Ki‡eb Ges wgj‡bi
†Póv e¨_© n‡j ZvjvK Kvh©Ki n‡e|

BDwbU- 6 c„ôv # 102

I‡cb ¯‹zj evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq

10) G AvB‡bi gva¨‡g hw` †Kv‡bv e¨w³ Zvi ¯¿xi fiY-‡cvl‡b Amg_© nq ev GKvwaK ¯¿x iv‡L Zv‡`i cÖwZ
mgfv‡e cÖwZcvjb Ki‡Z bv cvi‡j ¯¿x ev ¯¿xMY fviY-‡cvlb ev mg`„wói Awf‡hvM `vex K‡i wjwLZfv‡e
BDwbqb cwil‡` Awf‡hvM Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| †Pqvig¨vb mvwjkx cwil‡`i gva¨‡g welqwU wb¯úwË
Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| H cwil` ¯^vgx KZ©„K ¯¿x‡K fviY-†cvlY eve` cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ UvKvi cwigvY wbw`©ó K‡i
mvwU©wd‡KU Rvix Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
11) gymwjg cvwievwiK AvB‡b †Kvb e¨w³ RxweZ _vwK‡j Zvui cyÎ/Kb¨v gviv †M‡j g„Z cyÎ/Kb¨vi Avevi mš—vbvw`
_vK‡j Zvn‡j m¤úwËi e›U‡bi mgq m¤úwËi fvM cv‡e; hv wZwb RxweZ _vK‡j †cZ A_©vr `v`v RxweZ _vKv
Ae¯’vq Kv‡iv wcZv gviv †M‡j `v`vi m¤úwËi n‡Z bvwZ-bvZbx‡`i ewÂZ Kiv hv‡e bv|
12) †`b‡gvni cÖ`v‡bi c×wZ m¤ú‡K© hw` wbKvn&bvgvq ev weev‡ni Pzw³‡Z we¯—vwiZfv‡e wKQ~ bv _v‡K Z‡e
†`b‡gvni Pvwnev gvÎ ¯¿x Zv cvevi R‡b¨ Av`vq‡hvM¨ e‡j MY¨ n‡e|

1961 mv‡ji gymwjg cvwievwiK AvB‡bi g~j¨vqb

1961 mv‡ji gymwjg cvwievwiK AvBb Aa¨v‡`k weevn, †iwRw÷ª, ZvjvK I weevn-we‡”Q`, †Lvi-‡cvk I
†`b‡gvni, eûweevn, DËivwaKvimn bvix AwaKvi I Kj¨vY welqK Av‡iv KwZcq ¸i“Z¡c~Y© †¶‡Î ev¯—e cÖ‡qvRb
AvBbvbyM Kvh©Ki e¨e¯’v MÖnb Kiv nq | GB AvBb Ae‡nwjZ bvix Rb‡Mvôxi ¯^v_© msi¶Y I e¨vcK wbivcËv
jv‡fi my‡hvM K‡i w`‡q‡Q| wb‡gœ GB AvB‡bi D‡j−L¨‡hvM¨ Kvh©Kwi w`Kmg~n n‡”Q-
1) GB AvBb cÖewZ©Z nIqvi c~‡e© G‡`‡ki A‡bK weevn, ZvjvK kãwU D”Pvi‡Yi gva¨‡g A‡hŠw³Kfv‡e †kl n‡q
†hZ Ges ZvjvK cÖvß ¯¿x wjwLZ cÖgvY Dc¯’vc‡b e¨_© n‡q ‡`b‡gvni I fiY-‡cvlb †_‡K ewÂZ n‡q‡Q G
iƒc †¶‡Î AvBb weevn †iwR‡÷ªk‡bi gva¨‡g bvix mgv‡Ri wbivcËv jv‡fi e¨e¯’v K‡i‡Q|
2) G AvB‡b ¯^vgxi B”QvgZ ¯¿x Z¨vM Kivi I MÖnb Kivi Dci wbqš¿b Av‡ivc K‡i weevn we‡”Q` I eûweevn‡K
†iva Kivi †Póv K‡i‡Q|
3) G AvB‡b weevn‡K GKwU Pzw³ wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kivq ¯¿xi gZvgZ ¯^vaxbZv I AwaKv‡ii cÖwZ gh©v`v cÖ`k©b
Kiv n‡q‡Q|
4) †Q‡j †g‡q‡`i weev‡ni eqm avh¨© K‡i evj¨weevn †iva Kiv n‡q‡Q|
5) cvwievwiK fv½b‡K †iva K‡i my¯’ mgv‡R Rxeb i¶v Kivi †Póv Kiv n‡q‡Q|
6) D³ AvB‡bi Avi GKwU w`K¸‡jv Gi gva¨‡g GwZg wkï‡`i DËivwaKvi m~‡Î m¤úwËi gvwjKvbv ¯^xKvi K‡i
Zv‡`i wbivcËv `v‡bi e¨e¯’v Kiv nq Ges weaev gwnjv‡`i AwbwðZ Ae¯’v †_‡K Avkªªq jv‡fi my‡hvM K‡i
†`Iqv nq|

1961 mv‡ji gymwjg cvwievwiK AvB‡bi Dchy³ Kj¨vYKi w`K¸‡jv _vKv m‡Ë¡I RbM‡Yi Ah_v I `vwqZ¡kxjZvi
Afv‡e ev¯—‡e Zv ZZUv Kvh©Kwi n‡q D‡Vwb| ag©xq Abyf~wZ, AÁZv, Awk¶v I `vwi`ªZv BZ¨vw`i Kvi‡Y AvBbwUi
e¨vcKZi myweav jvf †_‡K bvix mgvR ewÂZ n‡”Q| AvBb m¤ú‡K© RbM‡Yi Am‡PZbZv I miKv‡ii cÖPv‡ii
Afv‡ei Kvi‡Y GB AvBb wjwLZfv‡e hZUv Kvh©Ki, cÖ‡qvwMK †¶‡Î ZZUv j¶¨Yxq bq e‡j bvixiv GB AvB‡bi
my‡hvM-myweav †_‡K ewÂZ n‡”Q| GZ`&m‡Ë¡I A`~i fwel¨‡Z RbM‡Yi m‡PZbZv, `vwqZ¡kxjZv I mswk−ó KZ…©c‡¶i
mvnvh¨ mn‡hvwMZvi gva¨‡g D³ AvBb Av‡iv dj`vqK n‡q DV‡e e‡j Avkv Kiv hvq|

Abykxjbx
msw¶ß cÖ‡kœi DËi
1) 1961 mv‡ji Ògymwjg cvwievwiK AvBbÓ Gi D‡j−L‡hvM¨ ˆewkó¨mg~n/avivmg~n Av‡jvPbv Ki“b|
2) mgv‡jvPbvmn 1061 mv‡ji Ò gymwjg cvwievwiK AvBbwUÓ Av‡jvPbv Ki“b|Ó

mgvRKj¨vY c„ôv # 103

GBP Gm wm †cÖvMÖvg I‡cb ¯‹zj

cvV- 3 t wkï AvBb 1974

D‡Ïk¨
GB cvV †k‡l Avcwb

1974 mv‡ji wkï AvB‡bi D‡j−L‡hvM¨ w`Kmg~n|

f~wgKv
evsjv‡`k ¯^vaxb nevi ci cÖYxZ mvgvwRK I wkï Kj¨vYg~jK AvB‡bi c~Y©v½ iƒc n‡”Q 1974 mv‡ji wkï AvBb|
wkï‡`i †ndvRZ, i¶Yv‡e¶Y, Zv‡`i mv‡_ e¨envi, wPwKrmv Ges wK‡kvi Acivax‡`i wePvi I kvw¯— m¤ú‡K©
AvBb GKxf~Z I ms‡kvab K‡i| GZ 78wU aviv ejer|
wb‡gœ GB AvB‡bi D‡j−L¨‡hvM¨ w`Kmg~n Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jvt

6.3 wkï AvBb Õ1974 Gi D‡j−L‡hvM¨ w`Kmg~n/‰ewkó¨mg~n/avivmg~n

1) GB AvB‡b Òwkï n‡”Q 16 eQ‡ii Kgeq¯‹ Ges cÖvß eq¯‹ n‡”Q 16 eQ‡ii †ekx eq¯‹|Ó
2) GB AvBbvbyhvqx †Kvb GjvKvi Rb¨ GK ev GKvwaK wkï Av`vjZ cÖwZôv Kiv hv‡e| miKv‡ii (K) nvB‡KvU©
wWwfkb (L) `vqiv Av`vjZ (M) AwZwi³ `vqiv RR I mnKvwi `vqiv RR ‡KvU© (N) gn&Kzgv nvwKg (O)
cÖ_g †kªYxi g¨vwR‡÷ªU wK‡kvi Av`vjZ MVb Kivi ¶gZv i‡q‡Q|
3) wkï‡K cÖvß eq¯‹‡`i mv‡_ GK‡Î Awf‡hvM cÖYqb I wePvi Kiv hv‡e bv| wbw`©ó cÖÁvcb Øviv wK‡kvi
Av`vjZ KLb, †Kv_vq I wKfv‡e em‡e Zv cÖPvwiZ n‡e|
4) wK‡kvi Av`vj‡Z wkïi wcZv-gvZv, AwffveKMY, Av`vj‡Zi m`m¨MY I Kg©KZ©v, Av`vj‡Z Dc¯’vwcZ
Awf‡hv‡Mi c¶MY, cywjk Ges Av`vj‡Z ¶gZv cÖvß e¨w³eM©MY Qvov Ab¨ †KD Dcw¯’Z _vK‡Z cvi‡e bv |
5) Av`vjZ hw` wkïi ¯^v‡_© †Kvb e¨w³eM©‡K A_ev wkïi wcZv-gvZv A_ev `¤úwË A_ev wkï wbR m‡¤§Z †Kvb
e¨w³‡K Av`vjZ n‡Z cÖZ¨vnvi Kiv mgxPxb g‡b K‡ib Zv n‡j Av`vjZ wb‡`©k w`‡Z cvi†eb Ges mswk−ó
e¨w³ Av`vjZ Z¨vM Ki‡e|
6) gvgjvi ïbvwb‡Z Av`vjZ cÖ‡qvRb g‡b Ki‡j wkï‡K Zvi Dcw¯’wZ †_‡K Ae¨vnwZ w`‡Z cv‡i|
7) wePvivaxb †Kvb wkïi kvixwiK ev gvbwmK Amy¯’Zvi †¶‡Î Av`vjZ hZw`b cÖ‡qvRb ZZw`b nvmcvZvj ev
Ab¨ Aby‡gvw`Z ¯’v‡b wPwKrmv‡_© †cÖiY Ki‡Z cv‡ib|
8) Awfhy³ wkïi ivq ev Av‡`k †`qvi c~‡e© wkïi PwiÎ I eqm, wkïi Rxeb avi‡Yi cwi‡ek, cvwievwiK Ae¯’v,
cÖ‡ekb Kg©KZ©vi cÖwZ‡e`b BZ¨vw` Av`vjZ we‡ePbv Ki‡eb|
9) wePvivaxb †Kvb wkïi Qwe ev cwiPq msev`c‡Îi cÖKvk Kiv hv‡e bv| Z‡e wkïi ¯^v_© I Kj¨vYv‡_© AbygwZ
mv‡c‡¶ cÖwZ‡e`b cÖKvk Kiv hv‡e|
10) Acivax wkï‡`i Rb¨ wk¶v I cÖwk¶Y Bbw÷wUDU cÖwZôv, i¶Yv‡e¶Y, cwiPvjbv, e¨e¯’vcbv, wbqš¿Y,
ZË¡veavqK, Acivax AvUK ivLv, †ivM wbY©q, nvmcvZvj cÖwZôv BZ¨vw` wel‡q we¯—vwiZ bxwZgvjv mwbœ‡ewkZ
n‡q‡Q|
11) miKvi cÖ‡Z¨K †Rjvq GKRb wk¶vbwek Kg©KZ©v wb‡qvM Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| hviv wkï cwi`k©b I Ab¨vb¨
KZ©e¨ cvjb Ki‡eb Ges wkï‡K mvwe©K mn‡hvwMZv †`‡eb I Av`vj‡Z cÖwZ‡e`b †`‡eb|
12) `t¯’ I Ae‡nwjZ wkïi ZË¡veavb I cvj‡bi Rb¨ wk¶vbwek Kg©KZ©v ev Kg© c‡¶ mve-Bbm&‡c±‡ii
c`ghv©`v m¤úbœ cywjk Kg©KZ©v A_ev ¶gZv cÖvß Ab¨ †Kvb e¨w³‡K `vwqZ¡ †`qv nq|
13) Av`vjZ `yt¯’ wkïi mvwe©K Ae¯’v we‡ePbvq wK‡kvi nvRZ, ms‡kvabx cÖwZôvb wKsev AvZ¥xq-¯^R‡bi evmvq
ivL‡Z cvi‡e|
14) wkï‡`i mv‡_ †KD hw` wb`©q e¨envi K‡i †Rvic~e©K wf¶ve„wˇZ wb‡qvM K‡ib; †bkv Kiv I wkï‡K †bkv
Kiv‡bv FY MÖnb Drmvn`vb, cwZZvj‡q _vKvi AbygwZ`vb, A‰ea †hŠb Kv‡R e¨envi Kiv ev Drmvn`vb,

BDwbU- 6 c„ôv # 104

I‡cb ¯‹zj evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq

wkï Kg©Pvix‡K ‡kvlY I cjvq‡b mnvqZv KiY BZ¨vw` Kv‡Ri R‡b¨ D³ e¨w³i kvw¯— n‡”Q 6gvm †_‡K
2eQi ch©š— †gqv‡` Kviv`Û Ges 200UvKv †_‡K 5,000UvKv ch©š— A_©`Û A_ev Dfq cÖKvi `Û|
15) †Kvb wkï ARvwgb †hvM¨ Aciva Ki‡j we‡kl e¨e¯’vq _vbvi fvicÖvß Kg©KZ©v Rvwgb w`‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e
Awfhy‡³i ¶wZi m¤¢vebv _vK‡j Rvwgb gÄyi Ki‡e bv| Avi Rvwgb bv gÄyi n‡j wigvÛ †nvg ev wbivc`
¯’v‡b ivL‡e|
16) Ab¨ †Kvb AvB‡b wecixZ wKQ~ _vKv m‡Ë¡I †Kvb wkï‡K g„Zz¨`Û hve¾xeb Kviv`Û A_ev Kviv`Û `vb Kiv
hv‡e bv|
17) Av`vjZ AvUKv‡`k cÖvß wkïi Ab¨Î ivLvi Li‡Pi Rb¨ wcZv-gvZv ev Ab¨ KvD‡K wb‡`©k w`‡Z cv‡i| G
AvB‡bi D‡Ïk¨ ev¯—evq‡b miKvi †h †Kvb wewa cªYqb Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

g~j¨vqb t wkï Kj¨v‡Y 1974 mv‡ji wkï AvB‡bi ¸i“Z¡ I Ae`vb Ab¯^xKvh©| wkï‡`i myô weKvk I Kj¨v‡Y GwU
Zvrch©gq f~wgKv cvjb K‡i‡Q| Gi AvIZvq MvRxcy‡ii U½x I h‡kv‡i wK‡kvi Aciva ms‡kvab Bbw÷wUDU
cÖwZwôZ n‡q‡Q| Bbw÷wUD‡Ui kvLv ¸‡jv n‡”Q (K) wK‡kvi Av`vjZ (L) wK‡kvi nvRZ (M) ms‡kvabx cÖwZôvb|
µgea©gvb Aciva ms‡kva‡b Gme cÖwZôvb Kvh©Ki Ae`vb ivL‡Q| Z_vwcI eZ©gv‡b †`‡k wecyj msL¨K wkï
AhZœ, Ae‡njv I eÂbvi wkKvi n‡q gvb‡eZi Rxeb-hvcb Ki‡Q| eZ©gv‡b wkï AwaKvi mb`, evsjv‡`‡ki
wkïbxwZi †cÖ¶vc‡U GB AvBbwUi ms‡kvab I cwieZ©‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxqZ i‡q‡Q| ZvQvov evsjv‡`‡k wkï‡`i †¶‡Î
D‡j−L‡hvM¨ GKgvÎ AvBbwU‡Z wkï‡`i ‰gvj gvbweK Pvwn`v, we‡bv`bg~jK Kvh©µg I RbM‡Yi `vqe×Zv m¤ú‡K©
‡Zgb wKQ~B D‡j−L †bB| wkï‡`i Kj¨vYg~jK e¨e¯’vi w`KwUI GB AvB‡b m¤ú~Y©fv‡e D‡cw¶Z n‡q‡Q| wK‡kvi
Acivaxi ms‡kvab Gi Dci †Rvi w`‡q‡Q AvBbwU, wKš‘ wK‡kviiv ev wkïiv †h me cwiw¯’wZi Kvi‡Y GB Ae¯’vq
cwiYZ nq ev Aciva K‡i Zvui wbivg‡qi w`KwU G‡Kev‡iB ¸i“Z¡ cvqwb|

Abykxjbx
m¤¢ve¨ cÖkœ DËi/ms‡¶‡c cÖ‡kœi DËi †`b|
(1) 1974mv‡ji wkï AvBbwUi D‡j−L‡hvM¨ avivmg~n/w`Kmg~n Av‡jvPbv Ki“b|
(2) 1974 mv‡ji wkï AvBbwUi D‡j−L‡hvM¨ w`Kmg~n Av‡jvPbv Ki| Gi mxgve×Zv¸wj ms‡¶‡c wjL|

mgvRKj¨vY c„ôv # 105

GBP Gm wm †cÖvMÖvg I‡cb ¯‹zj

cvV- 4 t †hŠZzK we‡ivax AvBb-1980

D‡Ïk¨
G cvV †k‡l Avcwb

†hŠZzK wK, †hŠZz‡Ki kvw¯— Ges †hŠZz‡Ki R‡b¨ bvix wbhv©Zb BZ¨vw` m¤ú‡K© 1980mv‡ji †hŠZzK we‡ivax
AvB‡bi e¨vL¨v Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb|

6.4 t 1980 mv‡ji †hŠZzK we‡ivax AvBb

f~wgKv
evsjv‡`‡ki we‡q Abyôv‡b †hŠZzK cÖ_vi µge„w× I Gi ‡bwZevPK cÖfve cvwievwiK Rxeb‡K `ywe©mn K‡i †Zv‡j|
G †hŠZzK cÖ_vi cÖfve mgvR Rxe‡b †`Lv ‡`q bvix wbh©vZb, weevn we‡”Q` cvwievwiK fv½bmn bvbv ai‡bi Av_©-
mvgvwRK I gb¯—vwË¡K wbcxob| G ai‡bi wek„sLjvi †cÖ¶vc‡U miKvi we‡qi Abyôv‡b †hŠZzK MÖnb I cÖ`vb
wb‡ivaK‡í †hŠZzK we‡ivax AvBb-1980 cÖYqb K‡ib|
1) msiw¶Z wk‡ivbvg I cÖeZ©b t G AvBbwU 1980mv‡ji †hŠZzK wb‡iva AvBb bv‡g AwfwnZ Kiv n‡e| miKvwi
†M‡R‡U weÁwß cÖKv‡ki ZvwiL n‡Z Bnv Kvh©Kwi n‡e|
2) msÁv t Ò‡hŠZz‡Ki Ó msÁvq ejv n‡q‡Q-
(K) we‡qi GK c¶ K…Z©„K Aci c¶‡K A_ev
(L) we‡qi †Kvb GK c‡¶i wcZv-gvZv ev Ab¨ †Kvb e¨w³ KZ©„K Ab¨ †Kvb c¶‡K ev Ab¨ †Kvb e¨w³‡K
we‡qi mgq ev †h †Kvb mg‡q we‡qi cY wn‡m‡e cÖZ¨¶ ev c‡iv¶fv‡e cÖ`Ë ev cÖ`v‡b A½xKvive× †h
†Kvb m¤úwË ev g~j¨evb RvgvbZ‡K ‡evSv‡bv, Z‡e cÖ‡hvR¨ gymwjg e¨w³MZ AvBb (kwiqv †gvZv‡eK cÖ‡`q
†`b‡gvni ev †gvnivbv Gi Aš—f©~³ bq|

3) †hŠZzK cÖ`vb ev MÖn‡bi `Û t G AvBb Kvh©Ki nIqvi ci †Kvb e¨w³ †hŠZzK cÖ`vb ev MÖnb Ki‡j A_ev
cÖ`vb ev MÖn‡b mnvqZv Ki‡j Zvui cuvP eQi ch©š— ‡h †Kvb †gqv‡`i Kviv`Û (Z‡e GK eQ‡ii Kg n‡e bv)
ev Rwigvbv ev Dfqwea `‡Û `Ûbxq n‡eb|
4) †hŠZzK `vwe Kivi `Û t G AvBb Kvh©Ki nIqvi ci †Kvb e¨w³ cÖZ¨¶ ev c‡iv¶fv‡e †¶Îvbyhvqx K‡b ev
e‡ii wcZv-gvZv ev Awffve‡Ki Kv‡Q †hŠZzK `vwe Ki‡j wZwb (cuvP eQi ch©š— ‡h †Kvb †gqv‡`i Kviv`Û ev
GK eQ‡ii Kg n‡e bv) ev Rwigvbv A_ev Dfqwea `‡Û `Ûbxq n‡eb|
5) †hŠZzK cÖ`vb ev MÖn‡bi Pzw³ evwZj t G AvB‡b †hŠZzK cÖ`vb A_ev MÖn‡bi mKj cÖKvi Pzw³ evwZj Kiv nq|
6) Acivamg~n Avgj t 1898mv‡ji †dŠR`vwi Kvh©wewa‡Z hvB _vKzK bv †Kb G AvB‡bi †Kvb Aciva cÖ_g
†kªYxi g¨vwR‡÷ª†Ui wb‡gœi †Kvb Av`vjZ wePvi Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| Aciva msMV‡bi ZvwiL n‡Z GK eQ‡ii
g‡a¨ Awf‡hvM bv _vK‡j †Kvb Av`vjZ GB AvB‡b †Kvb Aciva Avg‡j †bqv n‡e bv| G Qvov AvB‡b
Avgj‡hvM¨ Aciv‡ai Rb¨ Acivax e¨w³‡K AvBbvbyhvqx †h †Kvb `Û cÖ`v‡b cÖ_g †kªYxi g¨vwR‡÷ªU ˆea
¶gZvi AwaKvwi|
7) Acivamg~n Avgj A‡hvM¨, Rvwgb‡hvM¨ I Av‡cvl-A‡hvM¨ t G AvB‡bi AvIZvq cª‡Z¨K Aciva Avgj
A‡hvM¨, Rvwgb‡hvM¨ I Av‡cvl-A‡hvM¨|
8) wewa cÖ‡qv‡Mi ¶gZv t G AvB‡bi D‡Ïk¨vejx Kvh©KiYv‡_© miKvi, miKvwi †M‡RU weÁwßi gva¨‡g wewe
cÖYqb Ki‡Z cv‡ib| GB avivi Aaxb cÖ‡Z¨KwU wewa cÖ‡qvR‡bi ci ciB msm‡`i wbKU †ck Ki‡Z n‡e|
msm‡`i Awa‡ekb mgvwßi c~‡e©B hw` msm` GB g‡g© GKgZ nb †h, cÖYxZ wewai i`-e`j cÖ‡qvRb ev Dnv
cÖYqb mgxwPb b‡n, Z`vbyhvqx †KejgvÎ i`-e`jK…Z wewa e¨e¯’v Kvh©Kwi Kiv nq A_ev Dnv Av‡`Š Kvh©Kwi
Kiv nq bv| Z‡e kZ© †h, Abyiƒc i`-e`jK…Z ev evwZjK…Z wewa e‡j †Kvb e¨e¯’v BwZc~‡e© M„nxZ n‡q _vK‡j
M„nxZ e¨e¯’vi ˆeaZv Le© n‡e bv|

BDwbU- 6 c„ôv # 106

I‡cb ¯‹zj evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq

Av‡jvPbv t †hŠZzK wb‡iva AvBb wbtm‡›`‡n G †`‡k bvix AwaKvi msi¶‡Y bvix wbh©vZb cÖwZ‡iva Ges mvgvwRK
cÖMwZ Z¡ivwš^Z Kivi Kvh©Ki c`‡¶c wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ nevi `vwe iv‡L| wkï ev¯—‡e Gi h_vh_ cÖ‡qv‡M wkw_jZv
I RbM‡Yi D`vmxbZv _vKvq Zv GL‡bv Kvh©Kwi n‡q D‡Vwb `ytLRbKfv‡e GB AvB‡bi Kvh©KvwiZv GLbI
mxwgZ| G cÖm‡½ weL¨vZ AvBbwea MvRx kvgmyi ingvb e‡jb Òbvix‡K wbMÖn †_‡K i¶vi Rb¨ evsjv‡`‡k †h me
AvBb we`¨gvb ‡m¸‡jvi h_v_© cÖ‡qvM n‡”Q bv|Ó Avevi, AwaKvsk †¶‡Î †`Lv hvq wbM„nxZ bvix AvB‡bi Avkªq
cÖv_©bv K‡ib bv| AvB‡bi Avkªq PvIqvi wcQ‡b i‡q‡Q Avevi A‡bK mgm¨v; hv nDK AvB‡bi Avkªq MÖn‡bi R‡b¨
m‡PZbZv, cÖkvmwbK ¯^”QZv Ges RbM‡Yi mn‡hvwMZvi gva¨‡gB †Kej gvÎ m¤¢e AvB‡bi ev¯—
evqb/cÖ‡qvM/eZ©gv‡b bvix wbh©vZb, †hŠZzK cÖ`vb/MÖnY, GwmW wb‡¶c, bvix AcniY,wkï cvPvi BZ¨vw` wel‡q
c~‡e©Kvi hZw`b AvBb wQj Zv‡Z †h me mxgve×Zv, ΓwU wQj Zv cwieZ©b, cwiea©b I ms‡kvab K‡i bZzbfv‡e
†X‡j mvwR‡q iwPZ n‡q‡Q 2000 mv‡ji Ôbvix I wkï wbh©vZb `gb AvBbÕ| Avkv Kiv hvq, D³ AvBb h_vh_
cÖ‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡gB bvix wkï wbh©vZb wbimb Kiv m¤¢eci n‡e|

mgvRKj¨vY c„ôv # 107

GBP Gm wm †cÖvMÖvg I‡cb ¯‹zj

cvV- 5 t cvwievwiK Av`vjZ Aa¨v‡`k

D‡Ïk¨
GB cvV †k‡l Avcwb

cvwievwiK Av`vjZ Aa¨v‡`k 1985 Gi D‡j−L¨‡hvM¨ w`Kmg~n I avivmg~n|
f~wgKv
AvaywbK we‡k¦i mv‡_ mvgÄm¨ †i‡L evsjv‡`‡k bvix mgv‡Ri ¯^v_© msi¶Y AwaKvi Av`vq I Kj¨v‡Y cvwievwiK
Av`vjZ GK hyMvš—iKvwi c`‡¶c| Gi gva¨‡g weevwnZ bvix Zvi nviv‡bv gh©v`v I AwaKvi wd‡i cvq Ges Av_©-
mvgvwRK Ae¯’vi Dbœqb NUvq| 1985mv‡ji 17B gvP© cÖewZ©Z nq cvwievwiK Av`vjZ Aa¨v‡`k| wb‡gœ cvwievwiK
Av`vjZ Aa¨v‡`kÕ1985 Gi D‡j−L‡hvM¨ w`K¸‡jv Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jvt
1) cÖwZôv I Av`vjZ ¯’vcb t G AwW©b¨vÝ 1985mv‡ji cvwievwiK Av`vjZ AwW©b¨vÝ bv‡g AwfwnZ| GB
Aa¨v‡`k iv½vgvwU, ev›`ievb I LvMovQwo cve©Z¨ GjvKvi ‡Rjv mg~n e¨ZxZ mgMÖ evsjv‡`‡k cÖ‡hvR¨|
cvwievwiK Av`vjZ ej‡Z G AwW©b¨v‡Ýi Aax‡b MwVZ cvwievwiK Av`vjZ‡K eySvq| hZ¸‡jv gb‡md
Av`vjZ i‡q‡Q me¸‡jvB Av`vjZ cvwievwiK Av`vjZ wn‡m‡e Mb¨ n‡e| gb‡mdMYB cvwievwiK Av`vj‡Zi
wePviK n‡e|
2) Av`vj‡Zi GLwZqvi t 1961mv‡ji gymwjg cvwievwiK AwW©b¨vÝ Gi weavbvejx mv‡c‡¶ cvwievwiK Av`vj‡Zi
wbgœwjwLZ welq n‡Z D™¢~Z ev m¤úwK©Z †h †Kvb gvgjv MÖnb wePviKvh© m¤úv`vb I gvgjv wb¯úwË Ki‡Z
cvi‡eb-
• weevn we‡”Q`
• `v¤úZ¨ AwaKvi cybi“×vi
• †gvnivbv
• fiY-‡cvlY
• AwffveKZ¡ I wkï‡`i ZË¡veavb
3) gvgjv `v‡qiKiY t 25UvKv †KvU© wd w`‡q gvgjv i“Ry Kiv hv‡e| gvgjv Kivi GLwZqvif~³ welq n‡”Q
K) bvwj‡ki KviY m¤ú~Y© ev AvswkK iƒ‡c m„wó n‡q‡Q|
L) Dfqc‡¶ GKmv‡_ emevm K‡i ev c~‡e© emevm K‡i wQ‡jb|

4) mgb I †bvwUk RvwiKiY t cvwievwiK Av`vj‡Z †Kvb AviwR †ck Kiv n‡j Av`vjZ
K) weev`x‡K nvwRi nevi Rb¨ GKUv ZvwiL wba©viY K‡ib hv mvaviYfv‡e 30w`‡bi †ewk nq bv|
L) wbw`©ó Zvwi‡L weevw`‡K Av`vj‡Z nvwRi n‡q `vwe m¤ú‡K© Reve`vb Kievi Rb¨ mgb Rvwi K‡ib|
M) cÖvwß ¯^xKvi cÎmn †ewR÷ªvW© †cv‡÷ weev`x‡K gvgjvi †bvwUk cÖ`vb|

5) wjwLZ Reve
(K) wbw`©wó Zvwi‡L weev`xi nvwRi nevi mgq ev`x I weev`x DfqB Av`vj‡Z Dcw¯’Z _ve‡eb Ges weev`x
Zvi AvZœc¶ mg_©‡bi Rb¨ nvwRi Kiv Ggb mv¶x‡`i bvg I wVKvbvmn Zdwmj mshy³ Ki‡Z nq|
6) Aycw¯’wZi djvdj t wbw`©ó w`‡b gvgjv ïbvbxi mgq ‡Kvb c¶ Dcw¯’Z bv _vK‡j Av`vjZ gvgjvwU LvwiR
K‡i w`‡Z cv‡ib| Ab¨w`‡K gvgjv ïbvbxi mgq ev`x nvwRi n‡j Ges weev`x nvwRi bv n‡j Zvn‡j Av`vjZ
GKZidvfv‡e gvgjv Pvjv‡Z cv‡ib|
7) c~e© wePvi cwiPvjbv t (1) wjwLZ wee„wZ †ck Kivi ci cvwievwiK Av`vjZ gvgjvi c~e© wePvi ïbvwbi Rb¨
GKUv ZvwiL avh© K‡ib hv mvaviYfv‡e 30w`‡bi †ewk nq bv| (2) c~e© wePvi ïbvwbi w`‡b Av`vjZ Dfqc¶
KZ…©K †ckvK…Z AviwR; wjwLZ wee„wZ Ges mv‡¶¨i msiw¶Z weeiY I `wjj cÎvw` cix¶v -wbix¶v K‡ib
Ges Av`vjZ h_vh_ g‡b Ki‡j Dfq c‡¶i e³e¨ kªeY K‡ib| (3) c~e© wePvi ïbvwbi mgq Av`vjZ Dfq

BDwbU- 6 c„ôv # 108

I‡cb ¯‹zj evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq

c‡¶i g‡a¨Kvi weev`gvb welq¸‡jv wba©viY K‡ib Ges m¤¢e n‡j Dfq c‡¶i g‡a¨ mg‡SvZv ev gxgvsmvi
†Póv K‡ib|

8) †Mvcb wePvi
K) cvwievwiK Av`vjZ h_v_© g‡b Ki‡j Aa¨v‡`‡ki AvIZvq mgMÖ gvgjv ev Gi Ask we‡kl †Mvc‡b
cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z cv‡ib|
L) gvgjvi Dfqc‡¶ Av`vjZ‡K †Mvc‡b gvgjv cwiPvjbvi Aby‡iva Ki‡j Av`vjZ Zv Ki‡Z cv‡ib|
9) mv¶¨ †iKW© f~³KiY t wba©vwiZ Zvwi‡L Av`vjZ ‡hfv‡e Dchy³ g‡b Ki‡eb; †m µgvbymv‡i gvgjvi Dfq
c‡¶i mv¶x‡`i mv¶¨ MÖnb Ki‡eb|
10) wePvi mgvwß t (1) Dfqc‡¶i mv¶¨ Mªnb mgvwßi ci cvwievwiK Av`vjZ Dfqc‡¶i g‡a¨ mg‡SvZv ev
gxgvsmv Kivi Rb¨ Avi GKevi D‡`¨vM MÖnb Ki‡eb| (2) G ai‡Yi †Kvb gxgvsmv ev mg‡SvZv m¤¢e bv n‡j
Av`vjZivq †NvlYv K‡ib Ges ivq †NvlYvi ci wWwµRvwi Kiv nq|
11) mg‡SvZvg~jK wWwµ t mg‡SvZv ev gxgvsmvi gva¨‡g †Kvb we‡iv‡ai mgvwß n‡j Dfq c‡¶i g‡a¨ m¤úvw`Z
mg‡SvZ ev gxgvsmvi Av‡jv‡K Av`vjZ gvgjv wWwµRvwi K‡ib ev wm×vš— cÖ`vb K‡ib|
12) ivq wjwce×KiY t cÖwZwU ivq ev Av‡`k wePvi‡Ki kÖ“wZwjwc †_‡K Av`vj‡Zi fvlvq wjL‡Z n‡e Ges Zv
cÖKv‡k¨ †NvlYvi ci wePviK Zv‡Z ¯^v¶i I ZvwiL †`‡eb|
13) wWwµ ejerKiY t wWwµi `vq cwi‡kva Av`vj‡Zi Dcw¯’wZ‡Z bM` A_© ev m¤úwË n‡j †iwR÷ªvi cÖ`vb ev
n¯—vš—‡ii welq wjwce× Ki‡Z n‡e|
14) Avwcj t cvwievwiK Av`vj‡Zi ivq, wWwµ ev Av‡`‡ki wei“‡× †Rjv RR Av`vj‡Z Avwcj Kiv hv‡e|
15) mv¶x‡`i mg‡bi ¶gZv t Av`vjZ †Kvb e¨w³‡K nvwR‡ii mv‡¶¨i ev `wjj `vwL‡ji mgb Bmy¨ Ki‡Z
cv‡i|
16) cvwievwiK Av`vjZ Aegvbbv t †Kvb ˆeaKiY e¨wZZ †Kvb e¨w³ wbgœwjwLZ Kvi‡Y cvwievwiK Av`vjZ
Aegvbbvi `v‡q †`vlx mve¨¯— nq-
K) cvwievwiK Av`vj‡Zi cÖwZ Acgvb cÖ`k©b Ki‡j;
L) cvwievwiK Av`vj‡Zi Kv‡R evuavi m„wó Ki‡j;
M) cvwievwiK Av`vjZ KZ…©K wRÁvwmZ †Kvb cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z A¯^xKvi Ki‡j;
N) mZ¨ bv ej‡Z PvB‡j ev Av`vjZ KZ…©K ‡Kvb wee„wZ‡Z ¯^v¶i bv Ki‡j GB ai‡Yi Av`vjZ Aegvbbvi R‡b¨
cvwievwiK Av`vjZ Zr¶Yvr wePvi Ki‡Z cv‡ib I 200UvKv Rwigvbv Ki‡Z cv‡ib|
17) cÖwZwbwai gva¨‡g Dcw¯’Z nIqv t G Aa¨v‡`‡ki Aax‡b mv¶x Qvov Ab¨ †Kvb †jvK‡K cvwievwiK Av`vj‡Z
Dcw¯’Z nIqv cÖ‡qvRb n‡q co‡j Ges wZwb hw` GKRb c`v©bkxj gwnjv nb Zvn‡j Av`vjZ Zv‡K Zvi
¶gZv cÖvß cÖwZwbwa‡K cÖwZwbwaZ¡ Kievi AbygwZ w`‡Z cv‡ib|
wewa cÖYq‡bi ¶gZv t miKvi miKvwi †M‡R‡U weÁwß Rvwii gva¨‡g GB Aa¨v‡`‡ki Kvh©Kwi Kivi Rb¨ wewa
cÖYqb Ki‡Z cv‡ib|
Av‡jvPbv t gymwjg cvwievwiK AvB‡bi mydj †fv‡Mi wbwðqZvKv‡j weevn we‡”Q`, `v¤úZ¨ AwaKvi, cybi“×vi,
†`b‡gvnivbv, †Lvi‡cvl, DËivwaKvi, mš—vb m¤úwËi AwffveKZ¡ I ZË¡veavb m¤úwK©Z welqvw`i gvgjv MÖnb,
wePviKvh© I wb¯úwËi Rb¨ mvaviY Av`vj‡Zi evB‡i c„_K Kvh©µ‡gi AvIZvq cvwievwiK Av`vjZ Aa¨v‡`k
we‡kl f~wgKv ivL‡Q| G AvBbwUi gva¨‡g bvix mgvR AvB‡bi Avkªq wb‡Z mn‡R cvi‡Q; Zv‡Z †Kvb ai‡bi
nqivwbi ¯^xKvi n‡Z n‡”Q bv| wePviKvh© `ª“Z wb®úw&Ë I b¨vh© wePvi jv‡fi my‡hvM m„wó Kivi ‡¶‡Î GB Av`vj‡Zi
Ae`vb A¯^xKvh©| `v¤úZ¨ welqK cvwievwiK RwUjZv wbim‡b GLb Avi mgv‡Ri KZ©v e¨w³wUi wbKU †h‡Z nq
bv| G meB cvwievwiK Av`vj‡Zi mydj| wKš‘ GB Av`vj‡Zi cÖwµqvq wKQy mxgve×Zv i‡q‡Q| KviY wjwLZ
wee„wZ †ckK…Z AviwR cix¶v-wbix¶v K‡i cvwievwiK `xN© RwUjZv ¯^í mg‡qi e¨eav‡b mgvavb w`‡Z cv‡i bv|
cvwievwiK Rxe‡bi RwUjZv gxgvsmv GKwU `xN© cÖwµqv hv ‡Kvb wePvi‡Ki gva¨‡g ¯^í mg‡q mgm¨vi mgvavb †`qv

mgvRKj¨vY c„ôv # 109

GBP Gm wm †cÖvMÖvg I‡cb ¯‹zj

Lye mnR mva¨ bq| ZvQvov GB Av`vj‡Zi Av‡iv Kvh©Kwi K‡i Zzj‡Z n‡j MÖvgxY bvix mgvR‡K m‡PZb K‡i
Zyj‡Z n‡e|

Abykxjbx
m¤¢ve¨ cÖkœmg~n
1) cvwievwiK Av`vjZ Aa¨v‡`k ÕGi D‡j−L‡hvM¨ w`Kmg~n Av‡jvPbv Ki“b|
2) mgv‡jvPbvmn evsjv‡`‡ki Õ1985mv‡ji ÔcvwievwiK Av`vjZ Aa¨v‡`kÕ AvBbwU Av‡jvPbv Ki“b|

BDwbU- 6 c„ôv # 110

I‡cb ¯‹zj evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq

cvV- 6 t bvix wkï wbhv©Zb `gb AvBb Õ2000

D‡Ïk¨
GB cvV †k‡l Avcwb

bvix I wkï wbh©vZb `gb AvBb Õ2000 Gi D‡j−L‡hvM¨ w`Kmg~n-

f~wgKv
µgea©gvb bvix wbh©vZb Amnbxq gvÎvq e„w× cv‡”Q| mvgv‡Ri cÖwZwU ¯—‡i, cÖwZwU †¶‡Î bvix wbh©vZ‡bi fqvenZv
†hb w`b w`b †e‡oB Pj‡Q| GgZve¯’vq MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`‡ki RvZxq msm` KZ©„K G AvBbwU cÖYxZ n‡q‡Q|
mgvR Ges iv‡óªi AvMvgx KY©ai n‡”Q- wkï mgvR | †m Kvi‡Y wkï‡`i wbhv©Zb n‡Z i¶v Kiv Ges mybvMwiK
wn‡m‡e M‡o †Zvjvi my‡hvM m„wó Kiv iv‡óªi RvZxq `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨| bvix I wkï‡`i Ici wbh©vZb mgv‡Ri ¯—‡i ¯—
‡i mxgvnxbfv‡e †e‡o hvevi djkÖ“wZ‡Z GwU †ivaK‡í eZ©gvb MYcÖRvZš¿x miKvi KZ…©K G AvBb cÖYq‡bi
cÖ‡qvRb †`Lv †`q; hvi Kvi‡Y miKvi bvix I wkï wbh©vZb `gb AvBb Õ2000 cÖYqb K‡ib|

6.6 bvix I wkï wbh©vZb `gb AvBb Õ2000 Gi D‡j−L‡hvM¨ w`Kmg~n:

1) msw¶ß wk‡ivbvg I msÁv t GB AvBb bvix I wkï wbh©vZb `gb AvBb Õ2000 bv‡g AwfwnZ n‡e& MYcÖRvZš¿x
evsjv‡`‡ki RvZxq msm` KZ©„K M„nxZ n‡q 14B †deª“qvix 2000 mv‡ji evsjv‡`k †M‡R‡U AwZwi³ cÖÁvcb
Øviv me© mvavi‡bi AeMwZi Rb¨ cÖKvk Kiv n‡q‡Q| GB AvB‡b
(K) ÒAcniYÓ A_© ejcÖ‡qvM ev cÖjy× K‡i ev dzmwj‡q ev f~j eywS‡q ev fxwZ cÖ`k©b K‡i †Kvb ¯’vb n‡Z
†Kvb e¨w³‡K Ab¨Î †h‡Z eva¨ Kiv
(L) ÒAvUKÓ A_© †Kvb e¨w³‡K B”Qvi wei“‡× AvUwK‡q ivLv |
(M) ÒbeRvZK wkïÓ A_© 40w`b AbyaŸ© eq‡mi †Kvb wkï ;
(N) ÒbvixÓ A_© †Kvb eq‡mi bvix ;
(O) Ògyw³ cYÓ A_© AvUK myweav ev Ab¨ †h †Kvb cÖKv‡ii myweav ;
(O) Òal©YÓ A_© †cbvj †KvW; 1860 (Act XLV of 1860) Gi Section 375 H msÁvwqZ Rape.
(Q) ÒwkïÓ A_© AbwaK 14eQi eq‡mi †Kvb e¨w³;
(R) Ò‡hŠZzKÓ A_© †Kvb weev‡ni K‡Y c¶ KZ©„K weev‡ni ei ev e‡ii wcZv ev gvZv ev ei c‡¶i Ab¨
†Kvb e¨w³‡K cÖZ¨¶ ev c‡iv¶fv‡e D³ weev‡ni mgq ev Zrc~‡e© ev ˆeevwnK m¤ú‡K© we`¨gvb
_vKvKv‡j weŸvn w¯’i _vKvi k‡Z© ev weev‡ni cY wn‡m‡e cÖ`Ë A_ev cÖ`v‡b m¤§Z A_© mvgMÖx ev
Ab¨w`K m¤úK© Ges D³ kZ© ev cY wn‡m‡e D³ ei ev e‡ii wcZv-gvZv e‡ii c‡¶i Ab¨ †Kvb e¨w³
KZ…©K K‡b ev K‡b c‡¶i †Kvb e¨w³i wbKU `vexK…Z A_© mvgMÖx ev m¤ú`|
2) AvB‡bi cÖvavb¨ t AvcvZZ ejer Ab¨ †Kvb AvB‡b hv wKQzB _vKzK bv †Kb GB AvBbwUi weavbejx Kvh©Ki
n‡e|
3) `nbKvix BZ¨vw` c`v_© Øviv msNwUZ Aciv‡ai kvw¯— t hw` †Kvb e¨w³ `nbKvwi , ¶qKvwi A_ev welv³
c`v_© Øviv †Kvb wkï ev bvixi g„Zy¨ NUvb ev g„Z¨y NUv‡bvi †Póv K‡ib; Zvn‡j D³ e¨w³i g„Z¨~`‡Û ev
hver¾xeb mkªg Kviv`Û `Ûbxq n‡eb Ges Gi AwZwi³ AbyaŸ 1j¶ UvKv A_©`‡Û I `Ûbxq n‡eb| hw`
†Kvb e¨w³i Dc‡iv³ welv³ c`v_© Øviv kix‡ii †Kvb AsM MÖw¯’ ev Ask weK…Z ev bó nIqvi ev kix‡ii
†Kvb ¯’v‡b AvNvZ cvIqvi †¶‡Î Zvn‡j Zvi kvw¯— n‡e AbwaK 14eQi wKš‘ Aby¨b 7eQ‡ii mkªg Kviv`‡Ûi
Kg bq I AwZwi³ 50,000/= UvKv Rwigvbv n‡e|
4) bvix cvPvi, BZ¨vw`i kvw¯— t hw` †Kvb e¨w³ cwZZve„wË ev †eAvBbx ev bxwZweNœZ †Kvb Kv‡R wb‡qvwRZ Kivi
D‡Ï‡k¨ †Kvb bvix‡K we‡`‡k n‡Z Avbqb K‡ib ev we‡`‡k cvPvi ev †cÖiY K‡ib A_ev µ‡q ev weµq
K‡ib ev †Kvb bvix‡K fvovq ev Ab¨ †Kvbfv‡e wbh©vZ‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ n¯—vbÍ i K‡ib ev Abyi“c †Kvb D‡Ï‡k¨
†Kvb bvix‡K `L‡j, wRw¤§ ev †ndvR‡Z iv‡Lb, Zvn‡j D³ e¨w³ g~Zz`Û ev hve¾xeb Kviv`‡Û ev AbwaK

mgvRKj¨vY c„ôv # 111

GBP Gm wm †cÖvMÖvg I‡cb ¯‹zj

wek ermi ev Ab~b¨ `k ermi mkªg Kviv`‡Û `Ûbxq n‡eb| Avevi †Kvb cZxZvj‡qi i¶bv‡e¶bKvix ev
e¨e¯’vcbvq wb‡qvwRZ e¨w³ bvox‡K µq ev fvov Ki‡b ev Ab¨ †Kvb fv‡e bvox‡K `L‡j †bb ev wR¤§vq
iv‡Lb Ges Zv cÖgvwbZ n‡j Abyiƒc `‡Û `Ûbxq n‡eb (Dc‡i D‡j−wLZ)|
5) wkï cvPvi, BZ¨vw`i kvw¯— t hw` †Kvb e¨w³ †Kvb †eAvBwb ev bxwZweMwn©Z D‡Ï‡k¨ †Kvb wkï‡K we‡`k n‡Z
Avbvqb K‡ib ev we‡`‡k †cÖiY K‡ib ev cvPvi K‡ib A_ev µq ev weµq K‡ib ev D³iƒc †Kvb D‡Ï‡k¨
wkï‡K wbR `L‡j, wR¤§vq ev †ndvR‡Z iv‡Lb Zvn‡j D³ e¨w³ g„Zz¨`‡Û ev hve¾xeb mkªg Kviv`‡Û
`Ûbxq n‡eb Ges Gi AwZwi³ A_©`‡Û `Ûbxq n‡eb| beRvZK wkï‡K nvmcvZvj/ gvZ…m`b/ bvwm©s †nvg/
wK¬wbK BZ¨vw` n‡Z Pzwi K‡ib Zvn‡j D³ e¨w³ D‡j−wLZ `‡Û `Ûbxq n‡e|
6) bvix I wkï Acni‡Yi kvw¯— t hw` †Kvb e¨w³ aviv 5-G D‡j−wLZ †Kvb Aciva msNV‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ e¨ZxZ
Ab¨ †Kvb D‡Ï‡k¨ †Kvb bvix ev wkï‡K Acnib K‡ib, Zvn‡j D³ e¨w³ hve¾xeb Kviv`‡Û ev Ab~b¨ †PŠÏ
ermi mkªg Kviv`‡Û `Ûbxq n‡eb Ges Gi AwZwi³ A_©`‡ÛI `Ûbxq n‡eb|
7) g~w³cY Av`v‡qi kvw¯— t hw` †Kvb e¨w³ g~w³cY Av`v‡qi D‡Ï‡k¨ †Kvb bvix ev wkï‡K AvUK K‡ib, Zvn‡j
D³ e¨w³ g„Zz¨`‡Û ev hve¾xeb mkªg Kviv`‡Û `Ûbxq n‡eb Ges AwZwi³ A_©`‡ÛI `Ûbxq n‡eb|
8) al©Y, al©YRwbZ Kvi‡Y g„Zy¨, BZ¨vw`i kvw¯— t hw` †Kvb cyi“l †Kvb bvix ev wkï‡K al©Y K‡ib Zvn‡j wZwb
hve¾xeb mkªg Kviv`‡Û `Ûbxq n‡eb|
9) †hŠbcxob BZ¨vw`i kvw¯— t †Kvb cyi“l A‰eafv‡e Zvi ‡hŠb Kvgbv PvwiZv_© Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨ Zvi kix‡ii †h
†Kvb A½ ev †Kvb e¯‘ Øviv †Kvb bvix ev wkïi †hŠb A½ ev Ab¨ †Kvb A½ ¯úk© K‡ib Zvn‡j Zvi GB KvR
n‡e †hŠb cxob| Z¾b¨ D³ cyi“l AbwaK `k ermi wKš‘ b~b¨Zg 3 ermi mkªg Kviv`‡Û `Ûbxq n‡eb|
‡Kvb bvixi k−xjZvnvwb Ki‡j ev A‡kvfb A½-fw½ Ki‡j Zvi GB KvR n‡e †hŠb nqivwb Ges Z¾b¨ D³
cyi“l AbwaK mvZ ermi A_ev Ab~¨Zg: 2 ermi mkªg Kviv`‡Û `Ûbxq n‡eb|
10) †hŠZz‡Ki Rb¨ g„Zz¨ NUv‡bv, BZ¨vw`i kvw¯— t hw` †Kvb bvixi ¯^vgx ev ¯^vgxi wcZv-gvZv, AwffveK, AvZ¥xq ev
¯^vgxi c‡¶ Ab¨ †Kvb e¨w³ †hŠZz‡Ki Rb¨ D³ bvixi g„Zz¨ NUvb ev g„Zz¨ NUv‡bvi †Póv K‡ib, D³ bvix†K
AvnZ K‡ib ev †Póv K‡ib Zvn‡j D³ ¯^vgx, ¯^vgxi wcZv-gvZv, AwffveK, AvZ¥xq ev e¨w³:-
K) g„Zz¨ NUv‡bvi Rb¨ g„Zz¨`Û ev †Póvi Rb¨ hve¾xeb Kviv`‡Û `Ûbxq n‡eb Ges Dfq‡¶‡Î `‡Ûi
AwZwi³ A_©`‡ÛI `Ûbxq n‡eb:
L) AvnZ Kivi R‡b¨ hve¾xeb mkªg Kviv`‡Û ev AvnZ Kivi †Póvi R‡b¨ AbwaK †PŠÏ ermi wKš‘
Ab~¨bZ cuvP erm‡ii mkªg Kviv`Û I AwZwi³ A_©`‡ÛI `Ûbxq n‡eb:
M) wf¶ve„wË, BZ¨vw`i D‡Ï‡k¨ wkï‡K A½nvbxi kvw¯— hw` †Kvb e¨w³ wf¶ve„wË ev A½ cÖZ¨½ wewµi
D‡Ï‡k¨ †Kvb wkïi nvZ, cv, P¶z ev Ab¨ †Kvb A½ webó K‡ib ev Ab¨ ‡Kvbfv‡e weKjv½ ev weK…Z
K‡ib, Zvn‡j D³ e¨w³ g„Zy¨`‡Û ev hve¾xeb mkªg Kviv`‡Û ev hve¾xeb Kviv`‡Û `Ûbxq n‡eb Ges
Gi AwZwi³ A_©`‡ÛI `Ûbxq n‡eb|
11) al©‡Yi djkÖ“wZ‡Z Rb¥jvfKvix wkï msµvš— weavb Ab¨ ‡Kvb AvB‡b wfbœZi hv wKQzB _vKzK bv †Kb, al©‡Yi
Kvi‡Y †Kvb mš—vb Rb¥ jvf Ki‡j K) D³ mš—v‡bi fiY-‡cvl‡bi `vwqZ¡ al©YKvix cvjb Ki‡eb L) mš—vbwU
Zvi (awl©Zvi) ZZ¡veav‡b _vK‡e| Kb¨v mš—v‡bi weevn ch©š— Ges †Q‡j mš—v‡bi 21 ermi Ges c½y mš—v‡bi
†ejvq DcvR©¶g bv nIqv ch©š— fiY-‡cvl‡bi LiP Av`vjZ wba©viY Ki‡eb|
12) wbh©vwZZ bvix I wkïi cwiPq cÖKv‡ki e¨vcv‡i evav wb‡la t wbh©vwZZ bvixi ev wkïi msev` cwÎKvq Ggb
fv‡e cÖKvk ev cwi‡ekb Kiv hv‡e hv‡Z D³ bvixi ev wkïi cwiPq cÖKvk bv cvq| D³ wewa jsNb n‡j 2
erm‡ii Kviv`Û mn 1 j¶ UvKv A_©`‡Û `wÛZ n‡eb|
13) A_©`Û ev ¶wZc~iY Av`v‡qi c×wZ t GB AvB‡bi Aax‡b †Kvb A_©`Û Av‡ivc Kiv n‡j UªvBey¨bvj KZ…©K
wba©vwiZ c×wZ Acivaxi ¯’vei ev A¯’vei ev Dfqwea m¤úwËi ZvwjKv cÖ¯‘Zµ‡g †µvK I wbjvg weµq ev
†µvK QvovB mivmwi wbjv‡g weµq K‡i weµqjä A_© UªvBeyb¨v‡j Rgv w`evi wb‡`©k cÖ`vb Ki‡eb|

BDwbU- 6 c„ôv # 112

I‡cb ¯‹zj evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq

14) wg_¨v gvgjv, Awf‡hvM `v‡qi BZ¨vw`i kvw¯— t hw` †Kvb e¨w³ Ab¨ †Kvb e¨w³i ¶wZmva‡bi AwfcÖv‡q D³
e¨w³i wei“‡× GB AvB‡bi Ab¨ †Kvb avivi Aax‡b gvgjv ev Awf‡hvM `v‡qi Kivi Rb¨ bvh¨ ev AvBbvbyM
KviY bvB †R‡bI gvgjv ev Awf‡hvM `v‡qi K‡ib ev Kivb Zvn‡j gvgjv ev Awf‡hvM `v‡qiKvix e¨w³ Ges
whwb Awf‡hvM Kwi‡q‡Qb D³ e¨w³ AbwaK 7 (mvZ) ermi mkªg Kviv`‡Û `wÛZ n‡eb Ges Gi AwZwi³
`‡ÛI `Ûbxq n‡eb|
15) Aciv‡ai Z`š—, wePvi c×wZ Avmvgxi Abycw¯’wZ wePvi t GB AvB‡bi Aax‡b Aciv‡ai Z`š— mswk−ó cywjk
Awdmvi KZ©„K AcivawU msNU‡bi Z_¨ cÖvwß A_ev g¨vwR‡óªU KZ…©K Aciva Z`‡š—i Av‡`k cÖ`v‡bi cieZ©x
60w`‡bi g‡a¨ m¤úbœ Ki‡Z n‡e, hw` b¨vq wePv‡ii ¯^v‡_© Z`‡š—i mgq mxgv UªvBey¨bvj 30 (AbwaK) w`b
ewa©Z Ki‡Z cvi‡e| GB AvB‡bi Aax‡b †Kvb Aciv‡ai wePvi ‡Kej gvÎ MwVZ bvix I wkky wbh©vZb `gb
UªvBey¨bv‡j wePvi†hvM¨ n‡e| gvgjvi ïbvbx ïi“ n‡j Zv †kl bv nIqv ch©š— cÖwZ Kg©w`em GKUvbv Pj‡e|
180w`‡bi g‡a¨ gvgjvi wePvi Kvh© mgvß Ki‡Z n‡e| hw` UªvBeyb¨vj GB g‡g© wek¦vm K‡ib †h, Awfhy³
e¨w³ †MÖdZvi ev wePv‡ii f‡q cjvZK/AvZ¥‡Mvcb K‡i‡Qb A_ev UªvBey¨bvj KZ…©K hvwg‡b gyw³ ‡`qvi ci
cjvZK nb Zvn‡j †m†¶Î UªvBey¨bvj Kvib wjwceä K‡i, Awfhy³ e¨w³i Abycw¯’wZ‡Z Zvi wePvi Kvh©
m¤úbœ Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
16) bvix I wkï wbh©vZb `gb UªvBey¨bvj t GB AvB‡bi Aax‡b Aciva wePv‡ii Rb¨ cÖ‡Z¨K †Rjv m`‡i GKwU
UªvBey¨bvj _vK‡e Ges cÖ‡qvR‡b miKvi D³ †Rjvq GKvwaK UªvBey¨bvj MVb Ki‡Z cvi‡e, Gi“c UªvBey¨bvj
bvix I wkky wbh©vZb `gb UªvBey¨bvj bv‡g AwfwnZ n‡e| 1 Rb wePvi‡Ki mgš^‡q UªvBey¨bvj MwVZ n‡e|
17) Avcxj I g„Zz¨`Û Aby‡gv`b t UªvBey¨bvj KZ…©K cÖ`Ë Av‡`k ivq ev Av‡ivwcZ `Û Øviv mshy³ c¶ D³
Av‡`k, ivq ev `Ûv‡`k cÖ`v‡bi ZvwiL n‡Z lvU w`‡bi g‡a¨ nvB‡KvU© wefv‡M Avcxj Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
nvB‡KvU© e¨ZxZ GB AvB‡bi Aax‡b †Kvb g„Zz¨`Û Kvh©Ki n‡ebv|
18) wbivcËvgyjK †ndvRZ t GB AvB‡bi Awa‡b †Kvb Aciva wePvi PjvKv‡j hw` UªvBey¨bvj g‡b K‡i †h, †Kvb
bvix ev wkï‡K wbivcËv g~jK †ndvR‡Z ivLv cÖ‡qvRb Zvn‡j UªvBey¨bvj D³ bvix ev wkï‡K KvivMv‡ii
evB‡i I miKvi KZ…©K GZ`& D‡Ï‡k¨ wba©vwiZ ¯’v‡b miKvi KZ…©c‡¶i †ndvR‡Z ev UªvBey¨bv‡ji we‡ePbvq
h_vh_ Ab¨ †Kvb e¨w³ ev ms¯’vi †ndvR‡Z ivLevi wb‡`©k w`‡Z cvi‡e|
19) awl©Zv bvix I wkïi †gwW‡Kj cix¶v t awl©Zv bvix I wkïi †gwW‡Kj cix¶vi †¶‡Î, al©Y msNwUZ nevi ci
hZ kxNÖB m¤¢e Zv m¤úbœ Ki‡Z n‡e| hw` †Kvb wPwKrmK G‡¶‡Î Ae‡njv K‡ib Zvn‡j Zvi wb‡qvMKvix
KZ…©c¶ KZ…©K e¨e¯’v MÖn‡bi Rb¨ UªvBey¨bvj wb‡`©k w`‡Z cv‡ib|
20) wewa cÖYq‡bi ¶gZv t miKvi, miKvwi †M‡RU cÖÁvcY Øviv GB AvB‡bi D‡Ïk¨ cyiYK‡í wewa cÖYqb Ki‡Z
cvi‡e|
Av‡jvPbv t c~‡e©Kvi ejer mKj bvix I wkï wbh©vZb AvBb¸‡jvi Ach©vßZv, Am¤ú~Y©Zv I e¨_©Zvi Kvi‡b miKvi
AvBb¸‡jvi ms¯‹vi I Kvh©Kix Kivi Rb¨ 2000 mv‡ji bvix I wkï wbh©vZb `gb AvBb cÖbqb K‡i‡Qb| KviY
wkï I bvix wbh©vZ‡bi mswk−ó AvBb¸‡jv‡Z wkï wbh©vZb, al©Y, AcniY, cvPvi BZ¨vw`I wel‡q †Kvb my¯úó aviYv
†bB| GwmW wb‡¶‡ci kvw¯—, Avjv`v Av`vj‡Zi e¨e¯’v, Z`‡š—i we‡kl †Kvb c×wZi K_v ejv nqwb| Gme Kvi‡Y
cÖ‡qvRbxqZv †`Lv †`q bZzbfv‡e bvix I wkï wbh©vZb AvBb| GB `„wó‡Kvb †_‡K ejv hvq †h, c~‡e©Kvi ejer
AvBb¸wji Zzjbvq GB AvBb bvix I wkï wbh©vZb `g‡bi †¶‡Î Kvh©Ki I ev¯—em¤§Z wKQz c`‡¶c MÖnb K‡i‡Q|
we‡kl K‡i mgqmxgv wba©viY, wfbœ Av`vjZ MVb I wePviK wba©viY, wbh©vZ‡bi †¶Î¸wj ¯úófv‡e wPwýZKiY
AvBb‡K A‡bK Lvwb mg„× K‡i‡Q| wKš—y evsjv‡`‡k ev¯—evq‡bi †¶‡Î AvB‡bi †h RwUjZv `xN© m~ÎxZv i‡q‡Q Zvi
†_‡K GB AvBb gy³ bq| GB AvB‡bi ev¯—evq‡bi D‡j−L‡hvM¨ Amyweavmgyn n‡”Qt-

1| GB AvB‡b †`Lv wM‡q‡Q cÖ‡Z¨KwU Aciv‡ai †¶‡Î kvw¯—I weavb AZ¨š— K‡Vvi Kiv n‡q‡Q c~‡e©Kvi AvB‡bi
Zzjbvq wKš— kvw¯—i weavb hw` †ekx K‡Vvi nq †m‡¶‡Î GKRb wePviK wePvi cÖwµqv ZZ RwUj nq| Kvib

mgvRKj¨vY c„ôv # 113

GBP Gm wm †cÖvMÖvg I‡cb ¯‹zj

wePviK h‡_ó cÖgvb Z_¨vw` bv †c‡j KvD‡K g„Zz¨`Û ev hve¾xeb Kviv`Û w`‡eb bv| ZvB AvB‡bi
ms‡kva‡bi Rb¨ kvw¯—i †gqv`/cwigvb e„w× bv K‡i eis kvw¯—i cªvwßi msL¨v e„w× Kivi Rb¨ kvw¯—i †gqv`, `Û
welq we‡ePbv Kiv DwPZ|
2| Avgv‡`i †`‡ki gvgjv `v‡qi, gvgjvi Z`š—, mv¶¨ MÖnb, PvR©wkxU wi‡c©vU ˆZwi Acivax‡K AvUK Kivmn
mKj KvR cywj‡ki Dci b¨¯— _v‡K| cywjk evwnbxi b~b¨Zg Reve w`wnZvi msw¯‹…wZ bv _vKvi Kvi‡Y A‡bK
mgq A_© Øviv cÖfvweZ n‡q KvR¸wji e¨vcv‡i D`vmxbZv cwijw¶Z nq|
3| al©‡Yi mv‡_ mv‡_ 24 N›Uvi g‡a¨ Wv³vwi cix¶v m¤úbœ Ki‡Z n‡e| wKš‘ AwaKvsk †¶‡Î MÖvg¨ GjvKvq †Kvb
Wv³vwi cix¶vi Rb¨ Dchy³ miKvwi nvmcvZvj, wK¬wbK †bB| ZvQvov cywjk mgqgZ Wv³vwi cix¶v mgcbœ
Kivq bv|
4| MÖv‡g M‡Äi bvixiv wbh©vwZZ n‡j gvgjv MÖnb Kiv nq ev gvgjv Kiv nq A‡bK †`wi‡Z d‡j gvgjvi AvjvgZ
bó n‡q hvq| G‡¶‡Î gvgjv MÖnb Ki‡Z cywjk Mwogwm K‡i, Ab¨ w`‡K cÖfvekvjx e¨w³‡`i f‡q MÖv‡g
wfK&wUgiv gvgjv `v‡qi Ki‡Z cv‡i bv ev nqivwbi ¯^xKvi n‡q _v‡K|
5| GB AvB‡b 90 w`‡bi Av‡M Avmvwg‡K Rvwgb bv †`Iqv weavb _vKvq A‡bK wg_¨v (al©Y wbh©vZb) gvgjvq
wb‡`©vl e¨w³ Kvivev‡mi ¯^xKvi n‡”Qb|

Abykxjbx
msw¶ß cÖ‡kœi DËi (m¤¢ve¨ cÖkœ)
1| 2000mv‡ji bvix I wkï wbh©vZb `gb AvBbwUi D‡j−L ‡hvM¨ w`K¸wj Av‡jvPbv Ki“b|
2| 2000mv‡ji bvix I wkï wbh©vZb `gb AvBbwUi wkï wbh©vZ‡bi ‡¶‡Î A_ev bvix wbh©vZ‡bi †¶‡Î M„nxZ
c`‡¶c ¸wj Av‡jvPbv Ki“b|
3| mgvR‡mev Awa`dZi KZ…©K cwiPvwjZ wkïKj¨vY Kg©m~wPi weeiY eY©bv Ki“b|

BDwbU- 6 c„ôv # 114

I‡cb ¯‹zj evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq

cvV- 7 t 1983 mv‡ji bvix wbh©vZb (wbhv©Zb kvw¯— Aa¨v‡`k)

D‡Ïk¨
GB cvV †k‡l Avcwb

bvix wbh©vZb (wbh©vZK kvw¯—) Aa¨v‡`k, 1983mv‡ji D‡j−L‡hvM¨ w`Kmg~n:

6.4 1980 mv‡ji †hŠZzK we‡ivax AvBb

fywgKv
bvix‡`i cÖwZ b„ksm AvPi‡Yi cÖwZ‡iv‡a g~jZt kvw¯—i Rb¨ GwU GKwU ¸i“Z¡c~Y© Aa¨v‡`k| eZ©gvb mg‡q bvix
wbh©vZb µgvš^‡q e„w× cv‡”Q| cÖwZw`b †Kvb bv †Kvb bvix , †Kvb bv †Kvbfv‡e wbh©vwZZ n‡”Q| bvix wbh©vZb e‡Üi
bvbviKg Dcv‡qi g‡a¨ bvix wbh©vZb Kvix‡`i wei“‡× mywbw`©ó wjwce× GwU Ab¨Zg AvBb| Acivax‡K `„óvš—g~jK
kvw¯— cÖ`vb K‡i bvix wbh©vZb †ivaK‡í 1983mv‡j cÖYxZ G Aa¨v‡`‡k evsjv‡`k `Ûwewai g‡ZvB GKUv ev¯—
ewfwËK AvBb| G Aa¨v‡`‡ki aviv I D‡j−L‡hvM¨ w`Kmg~n wb‡gœ D‡j−L Kiv n‡jv:
1) msw¶ß wk‡ivbvg I cÖ‡qvM t G Aa¨v‡`k 1983mv‡ji gwnjv‡`i cÖwZ b„ksm AvPbY ev bvix wbh©vZb (wbeZ©b
kvw¯—) Aa¨v‡`k bv‡g AwfwnZ| evsjv‡`‡ki bvMwiK †h †hLv‡bB emevm Ki“K bv †Kb, Zv‡`i †¶‡Î GB
AvBb cÖ‡hvR¨|
2) Ab¨ mKj AvB‡bi †P‡q G AvB‡bi cÖvavb¨ t eZ©gv‡b ejer Ab¨ †Kvb AvB‡bi †h †Kvb weavb _vK‡jI G
Aa¨v‡`‡ki weavbmg~n Kvh©Kwi|
3) msÁv t G Aa¨v‡`‡k †h kã I Awfe¨w³ e¨envi Kiv n‡q‡Q Zv `Ûwewa‡Z (1860 mv‡ji 45bs AvBb)
D‡j−wLZ A‡_©i Abyiƒc|
4) †eAvBwb ev A‰bwZK D‡Ïk¨ bvix AcniY ev Acni‡Yi Rb¨ `Û t evsjv‡`k `Ûwewai 360-369 avivq
AcniY(wKWb¨vc) ev AcniY Gi Rb&¨ wewfbœ †g‡q‡`i kvw¯—i e¨e¯’v i‡q‡Q| G aviv¸wj‡Z †h mKj D‡Ïk¨
AvIZvqf~³ bq, †hgb-‡ek¨ve„wË, †eAvBwb ev A‰bwZK Kg© ev bvix‡K †hŠb msm‡M© eva¨ Kiv cÖf„wZ D‡Ïk¨
GB 4avivq weavb ivLv n‡q‡Q| G †¶‡Î Acivax hve¾xeb Kviv`‡Û ev 14eQi ch©š— MÖnb‡hvM¨ ‡gqv‡` mkªg
Kivev‡m kvw¯—†hvM¨ n‡e Ges Rwigvbv ‡hvM¨I n‡e|
5) bvix e¨e¯’v Pvjv‡bvi Rb¨ `Û t evsjv‡`‡k ‡ek¨ve„wˇiva K‡i bvix RvwZi gh©v`v‡K mgybœZ ivLv G avivi
Ab¨Zg D‡Ïk¨| bvix‡K cb¨ wnmv‡e e¨envi K‡i †ek¨ve…wËi gva¨‡g GKwU N„Y¨ †ckv G †`‡k `xN©w`b a‡i
Av‡Q| d‡j GKw`‡K †hgb bvix RvwZi gh©v`vi Pig nvwb NU‡Q, Ab¨w`‡K cÖwZ¶‡Y bvix RvwZi wbivcËI
wewNœZ n‡”Q| G Aa¨v‡`k Øviv evsjv‡`‡k cÖPwjZ G m¤úwK©Z AvB‡bi cwimi e„w× Kiv n‡q‡Q| †ek¨vjq
ivLv ev msi¶Y wbwl× Kiv bv n‡jI Gi Dci G avivi gva¨‡g K‡VviZv Av‡ivc Kiv n‡q‡Q| G avivq ejv
n‡q‡Q †h, †h †KD †h †Kvb eq‡mi bvix‡K hw` ‡ek¨ve„wË ev †Kvb e¨w³i mv‡_ wbwl× †hŠb m½‡gi D‡Ï‡k¨
ev †Kvb †eAvBwb I A‰bwZK D‡Ïk¨ Avg`vwb ev idZvwb ev wewµ K‡i , fvov †`q ev Ab¨fv‡e n¯—vš—i K‡i
Z‡e H e¨w³ hve¾xeb Kviv`Û ev 14eQi ch©š— ea©b‡hvM¨ mkªg Kvivev‡m kvw¯—‡hvM¨ n‡eI Ges A‡_© `‡ÛI
`Ûbxq n‡e|
6) †hŠZz‡Ki `i“Y g„Zz¨ BZ¨vw` NUv‡bvi Rb¨ `Û t GUv GKwU AZ¨š— ¸i“Z¡c~Y© aviv| evsjv‡`‡k †hŠZz‡Ki Kvi‡Y
w`b w`b AmsL¨ bvix‡K g„Z¨yeiY Ki‡Z n‡”Q A_ev wbh©vwZZ n‡Z n‡”Q| GB avivq ¯cófv‡e D‡j−L Kiv
n‡q‡Q †h, we‡qi ci ¯^vgx hw` Zvi ¯¿x‡K †hŠZzK Av`v‡qi Rb¨ nZ¨v K‡i ev nZ¨vi †Póv K‡i ev ¸i“Zi
AvNvZ K‡i Z‡e †mB ¯^vgx ev mswk−ó e¨w³‡K hverRxeb Kviv`Û ev 14 eQi mkªg Kivev‡m kvw¯—†hvM¨ n‡e
Ges Rwigvbvmn kvw¯— n‡e|
7) ˆbwZKZvwenxb KvR t G Aa¨v‡`‡k †h †Kvb eq‡mi bvix‡K †Kvb ˆbwZKZvwenxb KvR, †`n e¨emv, A‰ea
†hŠb msmM© m„wó ev Abyiƒc †Kvb Kv‡R e¨envi D‡Ï‡k¨ ev e¨eüZ n‡Z cv‡i †R‡b Avg`vbx-ißvbx, µq-
weµq, fvovq `vb wesev fvov nIqv wKsev n¯—vš—i Ki‡Y Aciva‡K hver¾xeb Kviv`Û A_ev 14eQi mkªg
Kviv`Û I Rwigvbv n‡e|

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GBP Gm wm †cÖvMÖvg I‡cb ¯‹zj

8) al©Y Ki‡Z wM‡q g„Zy¨ msNU‡bi †Póv ev RLg Ki‡j t G AvBb Abymv‡i al©Y Kv‡R ev al©‡Yi cÖ‡PóvKv‡j ev
al©‡Yi c‡i †Kvb bvixi g„Zz¨ NU‡j ev Lyb n‡j Acivax‡K g„Zz¨`Û ev hver¾xeb Kviv`Û ev Rwigvbvi e¨e¯’v
†bqv nq| Avi al©Y I al©‡Yi D‡`¨vMKv‡j †Kvb bvixi ¸i“Zi RLg ev g„Zy¨ NUv‡bvi cÖ‡Póv Ki‡j Acivax‡K
hver¾xeb Kviv`Û ev 14eQ‡ii mkªg Kviv`‡Û I Rwigvbv`‡Û `wÛZ Kivi e¨e¯’v Kiv n‡e|

Av‡jvPbv t bvix wbh©vZb cÖwZ‡ivaK‡í G Aa¨v‡`kwU wbtm‡›`‡n bvix AwaKvi i¶v K‡i µgvš^‡q †hfv‡e †`‡k
bvixiv wbh©vZb, al©Y, †hŠZz‡Ki ewj, AcniY ev cÖZviYv ¯^xKvi n‡Z wQj †m‡¶‡Î bvix‡`i wbivcËv weav‡b G
Aa¨v‡`k GKwU ¸i“Z¡c~Y© c`‡¶c wQj| ZvQvov †ek¨ve„wËi D‡Ï‡k¨ fvov Kiv wb‡qvM Kiv A_ev A‰ea †hŠb
m¤úK© ¯’vc‡b eva¨ Kiv BZ¨vw`i Aciv‡ai wei“‡× KwVb kvw¯—i e¨e¯’v wQj GKwU mg‡qi `vex| G Kvi‡YB GB
Aa¨v‡`k ˆbwZKZv weewR©Z I Kj~wlZ gy³ mgvR MV‡b mnvqK| ev¯—‡e G AvB‡bi Kvh©KvwiZv GL‡bv †Rvi`vi
n‡q D‡Vwb| G AvB‡b †`vlx e¨w³‡`i K‡Vvi kvw¯—i e¨e¯’v Kiv n‡q‡Q mZ¨ wKš‘ GwU GKwU ¯^qsm¤ú~Y© ev cyY©v½
AvBb bq| G AvB‡bi Ach©vßZv Ac~Y©v½Zvi d‡j AvBbwU cÖYq‡bi cÖK…Z D‡Ïk¨ ev¯—evwqZ Kiv hvqwb| myZivs
AvBb h‡Zv K‡Vvi KwVbB †nvK bv †Kb Zv hw` ev¯—evwqZ bv Kivi D‡`¨vM bv MÖnb Kiv nq Zvn‡j AvBb Zvi
¯^vaxbZv nvwi‡q †d‡j| djkÖ“wZ‡Z GLbI ch©š— †`‡k, we‡`‡k bvix cvPvi, bvix e¨emv, AcniY, al©Y, d‡Zvqv,
GwmW wb‡¶c Gme NUbv cÖwZw`bB Anin NU‡Q| G Qvov G AvB‡b wkï wbh©vZb, al©Y, AcniY, cvPvi BZ¨vw`i
¸i“Zi Aciv‡ai wel‡q †Kvb aviv ivLv nqwb G AvB‡b GwmW wb‡¶‡ci kvw¯— Avjv`v, c„_K Av`vj‡Zi e¨e¯’v,
Z`‡š—i we‡kl †Kvb c×wZi K_v ejv nqwb|

BDwbU- 6 c„ôv # 116