BASIC CHEMISTRY Answer: 6.

25%
1. What is the new boiling point of a 7. 25 mL of Methanol (d = 0.792 g/cm^3) is
solution prepared by adding 960.0 g of mixed with 150 mL of water (d =
sodium chloride to 383 mL of water? The 1g/cm^3). What is the volume percent of
boiling constant for water is 0.52°C/m. Methanol? What is the m% of water?
Answer: 144.5 °C Answer: 14.285%, 88.34%
2. How many grams of fucose (C6H12O5) must 8. 2 mol of KCl is dissolved in 8 moles of
be dissolved in 419 g of benzene to water. What is the mole fraction of KCl?
raise the boiling point by 38 °C? The Answer: 20%
boiling point constant for benzene is 9. 15 g of NaBr is dissolved in 400 mL of
2.67 C/m. solution. What is the Molarity of the
Answer: 978 g of fructose solution?
3. The relative molecular mass of a gas is Answer: 0.364M
56 and its empirical formula is CH2. 10. 10 g of NaOH is dissolved in 500 g
What is the molecular formula of the of water. What is the molality of the
gas? solution?
Answer: C4H8 Answer: 0.5
4. A compound is composed of 52.14% carbon, 11. The mass percent of AlCl3 in water
13.13% hydrogen, and 34.73% oxygen by is 15%. The density of the solution is
mass. (a) What is empirical formula? (b) 1.17 g/mL. What is the Molarity of the
If the molar mass of the compound is solution?
138.24 g/mol, what is the molecular Answer: 1.316 M
formula? 12. In 5 mols of CH4, calculate (a) the
Answer: C2H6O, C6H18O3 number of molecules of CH4 (b) the number
5. A compound consists of 20.32 g of of hydrogen atoms.
carbon, 5.12 g of hydrogen, and 7.9 g of Answer: 3.011 x 10^24 molecules of CH4,
nitrogen. (a) What is the empirical 1.2044 x 10^25 atoms of Hydrogen
formula? (b) What is the molecular 13. How many molecules are present in 2
formula if the molar mass of the g-mol of H2O?
compound is 236.448 g/mol. Answer: 1.2044 x 10^24 molecules
Answer: C3H9N, C12H36H4 14. 20 g of NaOH was dissolved in 200 g
6. 15 g of NaCl was dissolved in 225 g of of water. Calculate the boiling point of
water. What is the percent of NaCl in the solution.
the solution? Answer: 102.56 °C
15. Determine the freezing point of a 22. How many molecules are there in 25
solution if 400 g of AlCl3 was dissolved g of hydrogen Chloride, HCl?
in 1600 g of water. The freezing Answer: 4.12 x 10^23 molecules
constant for water is 1.86 and the Vant 23. What is the percentage composition
Hoff’s factor for the solute is 4. of sodium in the sodium chloride
Answer: -13.95°C compound?
16. How many protons (P) and neutrons Answer: 39.3 %
are there in the nucleus are present in 24. Calculate how many moles of ammonia
a Pb nucleus of atomic mass of 206? can be produced from 8 mol of hydrogen
Answer: P = 82, N = 124 reacting with nitrogen?
17. Hydrogen peroxide solution for hair Answer: 5.33 moles of NH3
breaching is usually prepared mixing 5 25. How many molecules of water can be
grams of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) per produced by reacting 0.010 mol of oxygen
100 mL of solution. What is the molarity with hydrogen?
of this solution? Answer: 1.204 x 10^22 molecules
Answer: 1.5M 26. An ethyl ether 691 mL weighs 1.65 g
18. How many moles are there in one measured at 40 deg. C and 630 torr.
atom? Compute the molecular weight of ethyl
Answer: 1.66 x 10^-24 ether.
19. When 0.5 g of liquid is completely Answer: 73.9 g/mol
evaporated and collected in liter 27. Calculate the specific gravity of
manometer, the pressure is 0.25 atm and Cl2 at standard temperature and pressure.
the temperature is 27 deg. C. Assume Note: the molecular weight of Cl2 is 71
ideal gas behavior, find the molecular g/mol.
weight if the gas constant is 0.0821 Answer: 2.46
atm-L/mol.K. 28. Compute the volume of oxygen at STP
Answer: 49.2 g/mol that can be formed from a 0.75 mole of
20. If the atomic weight of magnesium potassium chlorate (KClO3).
is 24.3 g/mol, calculate how many Answer: 25.2 L
magnesium atoms does 5 g represent? 29. What is the molality of the
Answer: 1.24 x 10^23 atoms solution that contains 65 g of sucrose
21. What is the molecular weight of (C12H22O11) dissolved in 300 g of water?
calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2? Answer: 0.634 mol/kg
Answer: 74
30. One gram hydrogen gas (H2) is 37. If ethylene glycol is often used as
combined with 10 g of helium (He) gas an antifreeze having a molecular weight
and confined at 20 deg. C and 5 62.07 g. What is the molecular formula
atmospheres. What is the combined volume of ethylene glycol.
in liter? Answer: C2H6O2
Answer: 14.4 liters 38. Cooling tower water enters a
31. What is the molarity of the softening system with a total hardness
solution if 150 g of KCl is dissolved in of 150 mg/L. The resin can reduce
water to make 800 mL solution? hardness to 5 mg/L at equilibrium, but
Answer: 2.513 m/L the water leaving the softener has a
32. What is the atomic weight of hardness of 35 mg/L. Compute for the
calcium if 2.25 g of pure calcium metal bypass factor.
are converted to 3.13 g of pure CaO? Answer: 0.2068
Answer: 40.9 g/mol
33. What is the equivalent weight of Calculate the moles of sodium
bicarbonate (NaHCO3). If the ion is contained
Mg(OH)2?
Answer: 29 g/mol in a 3.5 lb of baking Answer: 18.9 moles
34. What is the molecular formula of 39. soda.
nitrogen oxide if its molecular weight
is 138 g/mol. Answer: 18.9 moles
Answer: N3O6 40. If the molecular weight of the
35. A sample of NaNO3 weighing 0.38 g carbon is 150 g. What is the value of
is placed in a 60 mL volumetric flask. Avogadro’s number.
The flask is then filled with water to Answer: 7.52 x 10^24 atoms/mol
the mark on the neck, dissolving solid. 41. A municipal water treatment plant
What is the molarity of the resulting treats raw water source with a total
solution. hardness of 320 mg/L as CaCO3. The
Answer: 0.0745 M plant’s design flow rate is 2.5 MGD. The
36. A chemist is to perform a titration community requires a finished water
on which 0.15 mL of 55 M HCl to hardness of 85 mg/L as CaCO3 to prevent
neutralize 35 ml of unknown base pipe corrosion while maintaining soap
solution. Determine the concentration of efficiency. The ion- exchange softening
the unknown base. units in the plant reduce the hardness
Answer: 0.2357 M
of the water passing through them to 5
mg/L as CaCO3.
(a) Calculate the bypass factor
required to achieve the target
hardness.
(b) Determine the flow rate of the
bypass stream in MGD.
Answer: 0.254, 0.635 MGD