Environmental Studies – Module 4 (BCS508)
Global Environmental Concerns
Objective Type Questions with Answers
1. Minamata episode of Japan is due to the poisoning of
a) Lead
b) Nickel
c) Mercury
d) Cadmium
Answer: c) Mercury
2. World Ozone Day is celebrated on
a) September 16th
b) June 5th
c) September 30th
d) March 21st
Answer: a) September 16th
3. Which greenhouse gas is known as colourless, non-flammable, sweetish odour and laughing
gas?
a) Methane
b) Carbon dioxide
c) Nitrous oxide
d) Sulphur hexafluoride
Answer: c) Nitrous oxide
4. The term acid rain was coined in the year
a) 1952
b) 1852
c) 1652
d) 1752
Answer: b) 1852
5. Which of the following is NOT a part of the hydrological cycle?
a) Precipitation
b) Infiltration
c) Transpiration
d) Perspiration
Answer: d) Perspiration
6. Ozone layer thickness is measured in which unit?
a) PPM
b) Db
c) DU
d) mg/m³
Answer: c) DU
7. Acid rain has been increasing mainly due to
a) Urbanization
b) Industrialization
c) Increase in vehicle pollution
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the abovz
8. Blue baby syndrome (methemoglobinemia) is caused by contamination of water due to
a) Phosphates
b) Sulphur
c) Arsenic
d) Nitrates
Answer: d) Nitrates
9. The Montreal Protocol bans the production of
a) Greenhouse gases
b) Carbon dioxide
c) Ozone-depleting substances
d) Nitrogen oxides
Answer: c) Ozone-depleting substances
10. Which layer of the atmosphere protects us from harmful UV radiation?
a) Troposphere
b) Stratosphere
c) Mesosphere
d) Thermosphere
Answer: b) Stratosphere
11. The pH below which rain is regarded as acid rain is
a) 7
b) 6
c) 5.6
d) 4
Answer: c) 5.6
12. Which radiation has the highest penetration power?
a) Alpha particles
b) Beta particles
c) Gamma rays
d) X-rays
Answer: c) Gamma rays
13. Earth Day is celebrated every year on
a) June 5
b) April 22
c) November 23
d) January 26
Answer: b) April 22
14. Which of the following is the largest sink for carbon dioxide?
a) Forests
b) Oceans
c) Ice sheets
d) Grasslands
Answer: b) Oceans
15. Global warming can cause
a) Climate change
b) Rise in sea level
c) Melting of glaciers
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
16. Which gas contributes the maximum to the greenhouse effect?
a) Methane
b) Nitrous oxide
c) Carbon dioxide
d) Ozone
Answer: c) Carbon dioxide
17. Which phenomenon results from excessive greenhouse gas emissions?
a) Acid rain
b) Global warming
c) Ozone formation
d) Eutrophication
Answer: b) Global warming
18. Which international agreement deals with climate change?
a) Kyoto Protocol
b) Montreal Protocol
c) Ramsar Convention
d) Basel Convention
Answer: a) Kyoto Protocol
19. Which of the following causes eutrophication in water bodies?
a) Heavy metals
b) Oil spills
c) Excess nutrients
d) Thermal discharge
Answer: c) Excess nutrients
20. Which environmental issue is caused by chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)?
a) Acid rain
b) Global warming
c) Ozone depletion
d) Smog
Answer: c) Ozone depletion
21. Which gas is released during the decomposition of organic waste in landfills?
a) Oxygen
b) Carbon monoxide
c) Methane
d) Nitrogen
Answer: c) Methane
22. Which of the following is a renewable source of energy?
a) Coal
b) Petroleum
c) Solar energy
d) Natural gas
Answer: c) Solar energy
23. Which environmental problem results in skin cancer and cataracts?
a) Acid rain
b) Ozone depletion
c) Global warming
d) Water pollution
Answer: b) Ozone depletion
24. Which pollutant is mainly responsible for acid rain?
a) Carbon dioxide
b) Sulphur dioxide
c) Methane
d) Oxygen
Answer: b) Sulphur dioxide
25. Which process removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?
a) Respiration
b) Combustion
c) Photosynthesis
d) Decomposition
Answer: c) Photosynthesis
26. Which gas is known as marsh gas?
a) Carbon dioxide
b) Methane
c) Nitrous oxide
d) Hydrogen
Answer: b) Methane
27. Which of the following causes thermal pollution?
a) Domestic sewage
b) Hot water discharge from industries
c) Agricultural runoff
d) Plastic waste
Answer: b) Hot water discharge from industries
28. Which environmental issue leads to coral bleaching?
a) Acid rain
b) Global warming
c) Noise pollution
d) Ozone depletion
Answer: b) Global warming
29. Which treaty aims to protect wetlands?
a) Kyoto Protocol
b) Ramsar Convention
c) Basel Convention
d) Stockholm Convention
Answer: b) Ramsar Convention
30. Which phenomenon increases the Earth’s average temperature?
a) Ozone depletion
b) Greenhouse effect
c) Acid rain
d) Smog formation
Answer: b) Greenhouse effect
31. Which environmental problem is caused by excessive use of fertilizers?
a) Global warming
b) Ozone depletion
c) Eutrophication
d) Acid rain
Answer: c) Eutrophication
32. Which gas has the highest global warming potential?
a) Carbon dioxide
b) Methane
c) Nitrous oxide
d) Sulphur dioxide
Answer: c) Nitrous oxide
33. Which of the following is a major source of sulphur dioxide?
a) Vehicles
b) Coal-based power plants
c) Forest fires
d) Nuclear plants
Answer: b) Coal-based power plants
34. Which phenomenon leads to the submergence of coastal areas?
a) Acid rain
b) Ozone depletion
c) Sea level rise
d) Thermal pollution
Answer: c) Sea level rise
35. Which of the following is a natural greenhouse gas?
a) CFCs
b) Methane
c) HCFCs
d) Halons
Answer: b) Methane
36. Which environmental concern is associated with the melting of polar ice caps?
a) Acid rain
b) Global warming
c) Smog
d) Noise pollution
Answer: b) Global warming
37. Which pollutant mainly causes photochemical smog?
a) Sulphur dioxide
b) Carbon monoxide
c) Nitrogen oxides
d) Carbon dioxide
Answer: c) Nitrogen oxides
38. Which international day is observed as World Environment Day?
a) April 22
b) June 5
c) September 16
d) December 5
Answer: b) June 5
39. Which environmental issue results from the accumulation of toxic substances in food chains?
a) Eutrophication
b) Biomagnification
c) Bioaccumulation
d) Acidification
Answer: b) Biomagnification
40. Which substance is mainly responsible for thinning of the ozone layer?
a) Methane
b) Nitrous oxide
c) Chlorofluorocarbons
d) Carbon monoxide
Answer: c) Chlorofluorocarbons
41. Which gas is mainly responsible for the formation of acid rain?
a) Carbon dioxide
b) Nitrogen
c) Sulphur dioxide
d) Oxygen
Answer: c) Sulphur dioxide
42. Which environmental problem is caused due to excessive extraction of groundwater?
a) Ozone depletion
b) Land subsidence
c) Global warming
d) Acid rain
Answer: b) Land subsidence
43. Which type of radiation is most harmful to living organisms?
a) Infrared
b) Ultraviolet
c) Microwave
d) Radio waves
Answer: b) Ultraviolet
44. Which phenomenon results in uneven distribution of rainfall?
a) Acid rain
b) Climate change
c) Eutrophication
d) Biomagnification
Answer: b) Climate change
45. Which of the following is a consequence of deforestation?
a) Increased biodiversity
b) Soil erosion
c) Reduced greenhouse effect
d) Increased groundwater recharge
Answer: b) Soil erosion
46. Which environmental issue is caused by accumulation of plastics in oceans?
a) Thermal pollution
b) Marine pollution
c) Noise pollution
d) Air pollution
Answer: b) Marine pollution
47. Which gas is produced due to incomplete combustion of fuels?
a) Carbon dioxide
b) Carbon monoxide
c) Sulphur dioxide
d) Nitrogen dioxide
Answer: b) Carbon monoxide
48. Which of the following leads to desertification?
a) Afforestation
b) Excessive irrigation
c) Overgrazing
d) Crop rotation
Answer: c) Overgrazing
49. Which environmental phenomenon causes increased frequency of extreme weather events?
a) Acid rain
b) Global warming
c) Ozone depletion
d) Smog
Answer: b) Global warming
50. Which international agreement aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions?
a) Ramsar Convention
b) Basel Convention
c) Kyoto Protocol
d) Stockholm Convention
Answer: c) Kyoto Protocol
51. Which environmental issue results from excessive burning of fossil fuels?
a) Eutrophication
b) Global warming
c) Noise pollution
d) Soil salinity
Answer: b) Global warming
52. Which gas is released during volcanic eruptions and contributes to acid rain?
a) Carbon monoxide
b) Sulphur dioxide
c) Methane
d) Oxygen
Answer: b) Sulphur dioxide
53. Which environmental problem is associated with oil spills?
a) Air pollution
b) Soil erosion
c) Marine pollution
d) Noise pollution
Answer: c) Marine pollution
54. Which phenomenon refers to the gradual increase in Earth’s surface temperature?
a) Ozone depletion
b) Global warming
c) Acid rain
d) Smog
Answer: b) Global warming
55. Which of the following is a secondary air pollutant?
a) Carbon monoxide
b) Sulphur dioxide
c) Ozone
d) Lead
Answer: c) Ozone
56. Which activity helps in reducing atmospheric carbon dioxide?
a) Deforestation
b) Afforestation
c) Mining
d) Urbanization
Answer: b) Afforestation
57. Which environmental issue is caused due to excessive use of pesticides?
a) Biomagnification
b) Global warming
c) Acid rain
d) Thermal pollution
Answer: a) Biomagnification
58. Which gas is mainly responsible for the greenhouse effect apart from CO₂?
a) Oxygen
b) Nitrogen
c) Methane
d) Hydrogen
Answer: c) Methane
59. Which environmental concern results in the loss of biodiversity?
a) Afforestation
b) Conservation
c) Habitat destruction
d) Recycling
Answer: c) Habitat destruction
60. Which environmental issue causes damage to monuments like the Taj Mahal?
a) Global warming
b) Acid rain
c) Ozone depletion
d) Noise pollution
Answer: b) Acid rain
61. Which environmental problem is mainly caused by excessive population growth?
a) Ozone depletion
b) Resource depletion
c) Acid rain
d) Thermal pollution
Answer: b) Resource depletion
62. Which gas is mainly released from paddy fields and wetlands?
a) Carbon dioxide
b) Methane
c) Nitrous oxide
d) Sulphur dioxide
Answer: b) Methane
63. Which environmental issue is associated with rising average global temperatures?
a) Biomagnification
b) Climate change
c) Eutrophication
d) Acidification
Answer: b) Climate change
64. Which pollutant causes damage to crops, rubber, and paints?
a) Carbon monoxide
b) Ozone
c) Sulphur dioxide
d) Nitrogen
Answer: b) Ozone
65. Which environmental concern is caused by discharge of hot effluents into water bodies?
a) Water pollution
b) Thermal pollution
c) Marine pollution
d) Soil pollution
Answer: b) Thermal pollution
66. Which gas is produced during anaerobic decomposition of organic matter?
a) Oxygen
b) Nitrogen
c) Methane
d) Hydrogen
Answer: c) Methane
67. Which environmental problem results in reduced agricultural productivity?
a) Soil erosion
b) Noise pollution
c) Ozone depletion
d) Light pollution
Answer: a) Soil erosion
68. Which phenomenon increases skin cancer cases?
a) Acid rain
b) Ozone depletion
c) Global warming
d) Smog
Answer: b) Ozone depletion
69. Which environmental issue occurs due to excessive withdrawal of groundwater?
a) Flooding
b) Land subsidence
c) Salinization
d) Acidification
Answer: b) Land subsidence
70. Which of the following is a global environmental issue?
a) Noise pollution
b) Solid waste pollution
c) Climate change
d) Water logging
Answer: c) Climate change
71. Which environmental issue is caused due to accumulation of solid waste in urban areas?
a) Acid rain
b) Noise pollution
c) Solid waste pollution
d) Thermal pollution
Answer: c) Solid waste pollution
72. Which gas is released during the burning of coal and petroleum products?
a) Oxygen
b) Sulphur dioxide
c) Nitrogen
d) Hydrogen
Answer: b) Sulphur dioxide
73. Which phenomenon leads to frequent floods and droughts?
a) Eutrophication
b) Climate change
c) Biomagnification
d) Acidification
Answer: b) Climate change
74. Which environmental issue is caused due to excessive mining activities?
a) Soil erosion
b) Ozone depletion
c) Acid rain
d) Thermal pollution
Answer: a) Soil erosion