python Cheat Sheet

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Functions Functions (cont) Python Identifier

print() displays inform​ation on the screen. complex are of the form a + bJ, where a Defi​ is a name used to identify a variable,

input() receives inform​ation from the user. (complex and b are floats and J (or j) nit​i function, class, module or other object.
numbers) represents the square root of -1 on An identifier starts with a letter A to Z or
int() converts a value to an integer.
(which is an imaginary number). a to z or an underscore (_) followed by
float() change number to be decimal The real part of the number is a, zero or more letters, unders​cores and
number. and the imaginary part is b. digits (0 to 9).
str() a list of number​,letter and symbols. Complex numbers are not used
much in Python progra​mming. Python Assignment Operators
len() the length of the string.

# Comment or no effect Oper​ator Desc​rip​tion **E

Code
long Also called longs, they are integers
(long of unlimited size, written like integers Python Assignment Operators
name = "noey RAWIDA​"
integers and followed by an uppercase or
print (name.u​pp​er())
) lowercase L. Oper​ator Desc​rip​tion Exam​ple
print (name.l​ow​er())
print (name.c​ap​ita​lize()) = Assigns values from c=a+b
print (name.t​it​le()) right side operands to assigns
left side operand value of a
Condit​ional + b into c

+=Add It adds right operand c += a is

if A statement that the writer given a
AND to the left operand equivalent
condition
and assign the result to c = c +
else A statement that can be combined with
to left operand a
an if statement.
- It subtracts right c -= a is
elif A statement that allows you to check
=Subtract operand from the left equivalent
multiple expres​sions for TRUE and AND operand and assign to c = c -
execute a block of code as soon as the result to left a
one of the conditions evaluates to
operand
TRUE.

while A statement that acting resembles like

a loop.

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Python Assignment Operators (cont) Random Code Number to Binary Code

*=Multiply It multiplies right c = a is import random mystring = "hello"

AND operand with the equivalent mylist = ['Dog'​,'F​ish', 'Cat', print (mystring)
left operand and to c = c a
'Bear'] firstname = input( "what is your
assign the result
counter = 0 first name?")
to left operand
while counter < 10: lastname = input( "what is your
/=Divide It divides left c /= a is
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ran​dom​_item = [Link] last name?")
AND operand with the equivalent
(mylist) fullname = firstname + " " +
right operand and to c = c / ac
assign the result /= a is ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​print (rando​m_item) lastname

to left operand equivalent ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​counter = counter + 1 print (fullname)

to c = c / a letter​number = int(input( " what

%=Modulus It takes modulus c %= a is Number to Binary Code is letter number? " ))

AND using two equivalent if letter​number >le​n(f​ull​name):
mystring = "hello"
operands and to c = c % ​ ​ ​ ​print ( " invalid letter
print (mystring)
assign the result a
number, try again! " )
to left operand firstname = input( "what is your
else:
first name?")
**=Exp​onent Performs c = a is
​ ​ ​ ​letter = (
AND expone​ntial lastname = input( "what is your
equivalent
fullna​me[​let​ter​number] )
(power) to c = c a last name?")
​ ​ ​ ​print (letter)
calcul​ation on fullname = firstname + " " +
operators and ​ ​ ​ ​num​ber​letter = int(input( "how
lastname
assign value to the many times to print letter " ))
print (fullname)
left operand ​ ​ ​ if number​letter >100:
letter​number = int(input( " what
//=Floor It performs floor c //= a is ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​print ( " too many letters
is letter number? " ))
Division division on equivalent to print! " )
if letter​number >le​n(f​ull​name):
operators and to c = c // a ​ ​ ​ ​else:
assign value to the ​ ​ ​ ​print ( " invalid letter
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​print (letter *
left operand number, try again! " )
number​letter )
else:
​ ​ ​ ​letter = (
Addition
fullna​me[​let​ter​number] )
​ ​ ​ ​print (letter) string + string combine together
​ ​ ​ ​num​ber​letter = int(input( "how string + number crash
many times to print letter " ))
number + number math - addition
​ ​ ​ if number​letter >100:
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​print ( " too many letters
to print! " )
​ ​ ​ ​else:
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​print (letter *
number​letter )

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Multip​​li​c​ation and Exponents Python Variables Types Data Type Conversion (cont)

string * number combine that string multiple Number dict(d) Creates a dictio​nary, d must be a
times. String sequence of (key,v​alue) tuples.

string * string crash List frozen​set Converts to a frozen set.

number * math - multiply (s)

Tuple
number chr(x) Converts an integer to a character.
Dictionary
string ** string crash unichr(x) Converts an integer to a Unicode
character.
number ** math - exponents Data Type Conversion
number ord(x) Converts a single character to its
Func​tion Desc​rip​tion
string ** crash interger value.

number int(x Converts x to an integer. base hex(x) Converts an integer to a

[,base]) specifies the base if x is a string. hexade​cimal string.
Loop float(x) Converts x to a floati​ng-​point oct(x) Converts an interger to an octal
number. string.
While Repeats a statement or group of
Loop statements while a given condition is long(x Converts x to a long integer. base

TRUE. It tests the condition before [,base] ) specifies the base if x is a string. Data Types
executing the loop body. str(x) Converts object x to a string Integer -256, 15
For Executes a sequence of statements repres​ent​ation.
Float -253.23, 1.253e-10
Loop multiple times and abbrev​iates the repr(x) Converts object x to an
String " Hel lo", 'Goodbye', " " " Mul til ine
code that manages the loop variable. expression string.
"""
Nested You can use one or more loop inside comple​x(r Create a complex number.
Boolean True,False
Loop any another while, for or do..while eal
loop. [,imag]) List [ value, ... ]

eval(str) Evaluates a string and returns an Tuple ( value, ... )1

object. Dictionary { key: value, ... }
tuple(s) Converts s to a tuple. Set { value, value, ... }2
list(s) Converts s to a list

set(s) Converts s to a set.

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Python Shop Code Python Shop Code (cont) Random Choice Code

print ("welcone to our shop") ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​price = price+80 import random

price=0 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​print( "the price now mylist =
size=(​'s'​,'m​','​l',​'xl') is",​price) ['beag​le'​,'p​ome​ran​ian​','​pug​','​gol​de
colour​=('​red​','​bla​ck'​,'w​hite') elif shirtc​olour ==('wh​ite'): n​','​chi​hua​hua']
sock=(​'wa​nt'​,'not want') ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​price = price+90 score = 0
print (size) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​print( "the price now chances = 3
shirt = (input​('what shirt size do is",​price) start_over = 0
you want?')) else: random​_item =
if shirt == ('s'): ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​pri​nt(​"our shop don't have [Link]​oic​e(m​ylist)
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​price = price+70 this colour​") while chances > 0:
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​print( "the price now print (size) ​ ​ ​ ​sta​rt_over = 0
is",​price) pant = (input​('what pant size do ​ ​ ​ ​ran​dom​_item =
elif shirt ==('m'): you want?')) [Link]​oic​e(m​ylist)
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​price = price+80 if pant == ('s'): ​ ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​print( "the price now ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​price = price+70 ​ ​ ​ ​while start_over < 1:
is",​price) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​print( "the price now ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​print ("-=​-=-​=-=​-=-​=-=​-
elif shirt ==('l'): is",​price) =-​=-=​-=-​=-=​-=-​=-=​-")
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​price = price+90 elif pant ==('m'): ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​print ("Gu​essing Game")
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​print( "the price now ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​price = price+80 ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​print ("-=​-=-​=-=​-=-​=-=​-
is",​price) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​print( "the price now =-​=-=​-=-​=-=​-=-​=-=​-")
elif shirt ==('xl'): is",​price) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​pri​nt(​"​wor​ds:​", mylist)
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​price = price+100 elif pant ==('l'): ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​guess = input(​"​Guess a
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​print( "the price now ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​price = price+90 word: ")
is",​price) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​print( "the price now ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ if (guess in mylist):
else: is",​price) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​pri​nt(​"our shop doesn't elif pant ==('xl'): ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​if(​guess ==
have this size.") ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​price = price+100 random​_item ):
print (colour) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​print( "the price now ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​pri​nt(​"​That's
shirtc​olour= (input​('what colour of is",​price) correc​t!")
shirt do you want?')) else: ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​score = score +
if shirtc​olour == ('red'): ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​pri​nt(​"our shop doesn't 100
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​price = price+70 have this size.c​hoose again") ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​pri​nt(​"​Sco​re:​",
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​print( "the price now score)
is",​price) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​sta​rt_over = 2
elif shirtc​olour ==('bl​ack'): ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​else:
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​pri​nt(​"​Sorry, wrong
choice! ")
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​chances =
int(ch​ances) -1
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​else:
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​pri​nt(​"​Sorry, that is
not even in the list")
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​chances = int(ch​ances)
-1

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Random Choice Code (cont) Loop list Code (cont) Vocabulary (cont)

​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​if(​chances > 0): print(​use​rlist) integer whole number or counting number.

​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​pri​nt(​"​Chances ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ number

remain​ing​:",c​hances) ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ float the number in decimal.

​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​else: number

​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​sta​rt_over = 2 Math syntax grammar structure of language.

​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​pri​nt(​"Game Over! The value the number or the string can be
!= unequal or not equal to
word was ", random​_item) store in valuable.
== equal to example;(a == b)
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​pri​nt(​"​Chance loop
is not true.
remain​ing​:", chances) module the text for storing for python
< less than example;(a < b)
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​pri​nt(​"​Final score:​", code.
is true.
score)
> more than example;(a > b) blank

is not true. comment

Loop list Code
<= less than or equal example;(a <= b) input receives inform​ation from the user.
def creatlist(quitword) : is true.
code
​ ​ ​ ​print ('Keep entering words to >= more than or equal example;(a >= b)
print to show inform​ation.
add to the list') is not true.
syntax make possible to the parse
​ ​ ​ ​print ('Quit when word =', % modulo or find the remainder
error
quitword)
<> If values of two example;(a <> b)
boolean true/false
​ ​ ​ ​mylist = [] operands are not is true. This is
​ ​ ​ ​while True: equal, then condition similar to !=
Python Arithmetic Operators
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​use​r_word = input(​'Enter a becomes true. operator.

word to add to the list:') Oper​at Desc​rip​tion Exam​

​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ if user_word == quitword Vocabulary or ple

​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​return mylist variable holds a value and can be changed. + Adds values on either side a+b

​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​dup​lic​ateword = False Addition of the operator. = 30

string a list of characters such as numbers,
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ for item in mylist: letters, symbols.
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ if item == user_word:
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​dup​lic​ateword =
True
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ for item == user_word:
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​dup​lic​ateword =
True
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ if duplic​ateword == True:
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​print ('Dupl​icate
Word')
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​else:
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​myl​[Link]​pen​d(u​ser​_word
)
userlist = create​Lis​t("s​top​")

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Python Arithmetic Operators (cont) Statements Code

- Subtracts right hand a-b= If Statem​ent mystring = "hello"

Subtra​ctio operand from left hand 30 if expres​sion: print (mystring)
n operand. statements firstname = input( "what is your
* Multiplies values on either a*b= elif expres​sion:
first name?")
Multip​lic​a side of the operator. 200 statements
lastname = input( "what is your
tion else:
last name?")
statements
/ Division Divides left hand operand b/a=
While Loop fullname = firstname + " " +
by right hand operand. 2
while expres​sion: lastname
% Divides left hand operand b%a statements print (fullname)
Modulus by right hand operand =0 For Loop letter​number = int(input( " what
and returns remainder.
for var in collec​tion:
is letter number? " ))
** Performs expone​ntial a ** b statements
if letter​number >le​n(f​ull​name):
Exponent (power) calcul​ation on = 10 Counting For Loop
​ ​ ​ ​print ( " invalid letter
operators. to the for i in range(s t art, end [, step]):
power number, try again! " )
statements
20 (start is included; end is not) else:

// Floor Division - The 9//2 = ​ ​ ​ ​letter = (

division of operands 4 and Area of circle Code fullna​me[​let​ter​number] )
where the result is the 9.0/2.0 ​ ​ ​ ​print (letter)
while True:
quotient in which the = 4.0 ​ ​ ​ ​num​ber​letter = int(input( "how
​ ​ ​
digits after the decimal
many times to print letter " ))
point are removed. ​ ​ ​ ​use​r_r​adius = input(​"What is
​ ​ ​ if number​letter >100:
the radius​?")
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​print ( " too many letters
​ ​ ​ ​radius = float(​use​r_r​adius)
to print! " )
​ ​ ​ pi = 3.1415
​ ​ ​ ​else:
​ ​ ​ ​area= pi radius * 2
​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​print (letter *
​ ​ ​ ​print ("The area of the circle
number​letter )
is", area)

Print Code

name = "noey RAWIDA"

print (name.u​pp​er())
print (name.l​ow​er())
print (name.c​ap​ita​lize())
print (name.t​it​le())

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List Code Random Code 2

shoppinglist = ['tshirt' , 'pants' , import random

'socks'] intlist = [1,2,3,4]
for myvariable in shoppi​nlist: random_int =
​ ​ ​ ​print (myvar​iable) [Link]​oic​e(i​ntlist)
print (shopp​ing​lis​t[1]) print(​int​lis​t,r​and​om_int)
for number in range(5): fplist = [1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0]
​ ​ ​ ​print (number) random_fp = [Link]​oic​e(f​plist)
print(​fpl​ist​,ra​ndo​m_fp)
Count Down Code strlist =
['boo​k',​'pe​n',​'ba​g',​'pe​ncil']
#create a program that receives a
random_str =
number from the user and count down
[Link]​oic​e(s​trlist)
from that number on the same line
print (strli​st,​ran​dom​_str)
#recive the number from the user as a
mylist = [1, 1.0, 'beagle' ]
string
random​_item =
user_n​umber= input(​"​enter number​")
[Link]​oic​e(m​ylist)
#convert the user number to an integer
print(​myl​ist​,ra​ndo​m_item)
number = int(us​er_​number)
myvar1 = 1
#setup the countdown string
myvar2 = 2
countd​own​_string = "​"
myvar3 = 3
while number > 0:
varlist =[myvar1, myvar2, myvar3]
​ ​ ​ #add the number to the string
random_var =
​ ​ ​ ​#su​btract 1 from the number
[Link]​oic​e(v​arlist)
​ ​ ​ ​cou​ntd​own​_string =
print(​var​lis​t,r​and​om_var)
countd​own​_string + str(nu​mber) + "​"
​ ​ ​ ​number = number-1
print (count​dow​n_s​tring)
#output should look like this
# if the user enter 5:
#5 4 3 2 1
#print (count​dow​n_s​tring)

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