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AssignologyNursingA Qualitative Research of Two Nursing Articles

A Qualitative Research of
Two Nursing Articles
Subject: Nursing

Pages: 8

Words: 2041

Reading time:9 min

Study level: College

Table of Contents

1. Introduction
2. Summary of Qualitative and Quantitative Studies
3. Support for the Critique
4. Relevance of the Studies to New Zealand’s Health Sector
5. References

Introduction
A qualitative study includes customer questionnaires as well as surveys,
which help an institution to enhance an improvement in their services as
well as product (Miller, 2009). A quantitative study assists them to make
decisions that, in nature, are informative. It is all about gathering opinions
from individuals in a carefully structured manner to ensure that, facts as
well as statistics are produced and as such, they act as a guide. For a
researcher to achieve statistical results that have an element of reliability,
then it is essential that survey on people is done. This survey should
include a large number of participants. It is also important to ensure that the
participants represents a sample of the target group (Miller, 2009).

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On the other hand, a qualitative research involves exploration of issues
giving answers to questions as well as understanding of certain
phenomena. A qualitative research seeks to answer ‘why’ of the topic
(Miller, 2009). This is done through a thorough analysis of the information,
which is unstructured. It incorporates interviews, survey responses that are
open ended, the electronic media as well as forms of feedback. As
compared to a quantitative research domain, a qualitative research does
not entirely depend on the numbers or statistics. Such a research assists
the readers to develop an insight in regards to the attitudes of the people,
concerns, system of values, and lifestyles (Hunter, 2004). It is regularly
utilized to pass information on decisions of the business, research,
communication or even formation of policy. The underpinnings of this kind
of research are that the information that has been unstructured can be
sometimes be in a mess and tend to take time when making use of manual
methods. As such, it is a taxing task to find themes as well as extraction of
meanings when an individual is faced by a large amount of materials
(Hunter, 2004).

Summary of Qualitative and

Quantitative Studies
The aim of this paper is to provide a critique of two research articles, The
experience of lying in dementia care: A qualitative study. Nursing
Ethics, and, Measuring symptoms of depression: Comparing the Cornell
scale for depression in dementia and the patient Health Questioner-9-
Observation version, which represents the Qualitative and quantitative
respectively.

In the Qualitative research, the researcher aims at looking at what the care
providers do in regards to the persons with Dementia (Park, 2012). On the
other hand, the quantitative research aims at extending the data on
psychometric on the PHQ-9-OV in a long term care resident’s sample done
by making a comparison with CSDD. The researcher makes use of both
null and alternative hypothesis to ensure that all the principles established
under the topic of study are addressed (Park, 2012). Based on the
purposes of the qualitative survey, the researcher ensures that the
conflicting issues in the topic of study are comprehensively addressed
using relevant and applicable research methods. By using the study-telling
technique, the researcher ensures that the ideologies and views of patients
are incorporated into the study to eliminate cases of bias and imbalance
(Park, 2012).

The purpose of the study is reflected in the research methodology through

the application of relevant research tools, for example the post intervention,
which also incorporates story-telling technique. The researcher ensures
that all the issues in contention are comprehensively addressed with aims
of ensuring that both alternative and null hypotheses were addressed
(Pergert & Lützén, 2012). By posing the question on whether care
providers contribute to the welfare of patients with Dementia, the
researcher provides a broader field of study. The purpose of the study is
broad enough to allow for testing of the alternative hypothesis, based on
the spread of the sickness (Pergert & Lützén, 2012).

The methodology captures on the different possibilities that can be derived

from the patients and also the care providers on their contribution towards
eliminating the spread of Dementia (Woods, 2012). Through the interviews
and other oral collection methods, the researcher ensures that all the
implications and barriers towards addressing the spread of dementia are
identified (Pergert & Lützén, 2012). The research is therefore well
established based on the possible implications and challenges by the
researcher collecting first-hand information from relevant sources. On the
biasness and imbalance of the research process, the researcher ensures
that there is credibility by balancing the inclusion and exclusion criteria to
incorporate only the affected persons (Pergert & Lützén, 2012).

In the quantitative research, the author incorporates two different test

methods to ensure that the aims are realized. In the research, the author
ensures that there are different methods to address the purpose of the
study. The researcher ensures that there is a comprehensive and diverse
approach to the study by using different age-groups to conduct the study
(Solum, Maluwa & Severinsson, 2012).

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However, the purpose of the study by Lorraine J. Phillips revealed that the
study was done comparing Patient Health Questionnaire-9-Observation
Version with the Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia in long care
resident’s sample (Solum, Maluwa & Severinsson, 2012).

The method use to collect data in the quantitative research used a post
intervention in an experiment, which was quasi and involved story telling
study (Nordenfelt, 2009). Data was collected across six communities. In the
qualitative study, the data was collected employing numerous methods
since it involved a number of practitioners across five care facilities
(Dauwerse, Dam & Abma, 2012). Both the designs employed by the
researcher were adequate and as such, there was clear explanation of
procedures used to gather data. The researcher of the qualitative research
did not describe the instruments he used in a detailed way (Dauwerse,
Dam & Abma, 2012).
In the qualitative study, there was an adequate expression of the sample.
The authors made a clear explanation of the situation and review of the
techniques used in the studies was reviewed (Krishnamoorthy, Prince &
Cummings, 2010). This means that the researcher evaluates all possible
possibilities and implications of the study. In addition, the researcher
ensures that the methodology is compliant with the research aims and
objectives. The ethical implications are also addressed in the research by
considering whether the interviewees and patients would be affected by the
research questions (Baer & Blais, 2003). In addition, the researcher makes
considerations on whether there would be breach of privacy from the
information provided in the research. These ethical considerations makes
to possible to collect uncompromised information from the sources
(Krishnamoorthy, Prince & Cummings, 2010).

In both qualitative and quantitative research, the researchers have

managed to incorporate different techniques and tools that have managed
to eliminate biasness and imbalance. In addition, the researchers have
ensured that there is a collective and diverse formula used in the collection
of the research materials (Capezuti, Siegler, & Mezey, 2007). Although
there are some concerns over the correctness of the information, the
researchers are adamant in their quest to realize their objectives. The
major concern is in the provision of the relevant questions to the
interviewees as well as collecting first-hand information to ensure that the
information is correct and justified (Capezuti, Siegler & Mezey, 2007).

According to the findings of the Qualitative research, in residential aged

care facilities, the providers of the service lie to dementia patients. From
the research, the researcher was in a position of identifying the challenges
in the treatment of dementia patients (Parks, 2003). This means that the
objectives of the research were realized through the incorporation of
relevant and adequate research tools. By identifying the errors within the
care providers, the research managed to address a longstanding problem
within the health sector as a whole (Parks, 2003).

Support for the Critique

The reason for justifying the results and the research techniques is based
on the researchers’ approach and means of execution. From the research
purposes to the methodology and the results, the researchers manage to
convince the reader that the entire approach is justifiable, unbiased and
ethically compliant (Binstock, Post & Whitehouse, 2002). From the purpose
of the study, the qualitative researcher develops a convincing reason for
addressing the said topic. Tuckett (2011) makes an allegation, which forms
as the basis for his research. In the title of his article, he claims that there
are cases of lying from dementia care providers. He then formulates a
formula to find out whether the allegations are true or false (Biernacki,
2007).

In the quantitative research, the findings are that, none of the measures
employed had a significant relation with diagnosis of depression. Also,
none of the method had a use of antidepressant agency (Sugarman, 2000).
The researcher further found that there was adequate reliability as
demonstrated by both measures. In both studies, these findings had an
objectivity report. However, in the quantitative reports, there was
demonstrated some errors. At a certain point, the researcher made a
reference to an increased PHQ-9-OV item and yet, in the same study, he
mentions that there was no gain in PHQ-9-OV that was significant
(Sugarman, 2000). The tables in the quantitative research are designed in
superb manner and as such, it tends to stand alone. In both the quantitative
and the qualitative studies, the narratives were done clearly and as such, it
too could stand alone. From a personal point of view, the results appear to
be correct (Binstock, Post & Whitehouse, 2002).

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This approach makes the research to be factual and precise. In addition, he
develops a broader way of addressing the same. He first develops a
framework from which to test the credibility of his assertions. Through
justifiable and unbiased research methods, he comes into a conclusion that
makes his allegations true (Biernacki, 2007). This means that he starts with
an unjustified claim, and later proves, through research, that his claims are
true. The same happens to Phillips (2012) who develops different
approaches to a claim and applies two research methods to test the best
for the study. The quantitative approach makes use of statistical data that
he later uses to test his hypothesis. The researcher makes sure that both
tools are based on ethical standards to prevent cases of biasness and
imbalance in the research findings (Rockwood & Gauthier 2006).

Relevance of the Studies to New

Zealand’s Health Sector
Both studies are relevant when applied to the current health status of New
Zealand. It is estimated that dementia cases will be approximately 150,000
by the year 2050. In addition, New Zealand health officials claim that half of
these individuals may also suffer from depression (Rockwood & Gauthier,
2006). The researchers therefore help in identifying why these cases may
be on the rise. By studying the barriers to treatment and possible reasons
of spread, the researchers contribute to the identification of challenges and
implications to treatment of dementia and depression (Hughes, 2011).

In the qualitative survey, the researchers manage to identify the problems

within care providers. They identify that the care providers lie to the
dementia patients about their health, and this makes it worse for the
patients seeking medical assistance (Hudson & Moore, 2009). The
identification of these challenges makes it certain there is need for
improvement within the health sector. Unless the health workers are trained
and cautioned against lying against the dementia patients, the spread of
the same would not cease (Innes & McCabe, 2007). This also shows that
there is need for a nationwide campaign against the causes and sources of
the two fast-spreading diseases. Dementia and depression will soon be a
menace in New Zealand if there will not be an urgent intervention from the
government (Innes & McCabe, 2007).

The two researches are therefore significant in trying to identify the

possible causes of both dementia and depression (Hughes & Baldwin,
2006). In addition, they have managed to identify why the two diseases will
continue to spread unless the government and other health agencies take
control. Having incompetent health workers, who lie to the patients about
their health status, is one of the threatening factors towards the spread of
the two diseases. The two researches are very significant to the Health
sector of New Zealand as the two diseases pose a major threat to the
people of New Zealand. By reading these researches, the prevailing
situation will definitely take a positive turn and hence, the diseases will be
contained (Hudson & Moore, 2009).

References
Baer, L., & Blais, M.A. (2003). Handbook of clinical rating scales and
assessment in psychiatry and mental. NY: Springer Publishing Company

Biernacki, C. (2007). Dementia: Metamorphosis in Care. Hoboken, NJ:

John Wiley and Sons.

Binstock, R.H., Post, G.S., & Whitehouse, P.J. (2002). Dementia and
aging: ethics, values, and policy choices. Baltimore, MD: JHU Press

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done for only 12.00 10.20/pageLet us help you
Capezuti, L., Siegler, E.L., & Mezey, M.D. (2007). The encyclopedia of
elder care: the comprehensive resource. NY: Springer Publishing Company
Dauwerse, L., Dam, S. V. D., & Abma, T. (2012) Morality in the mundane :
Specific needs for ethics support in elderly care. Nursing Ethics. New
Delhi, ND: SAGE Publications.

Hudson, A., & Moore L. (2009). Caring for Older People in the
Community. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons.

Hughes, J.C. (2011). Thinking Through Dementia. NY: Oxford University

Press.

Hughes, J.C., & Baldwin, C. (2006). Ethical Issues in Dementia Care:

Making Difficult Decisions. Philadelphia, PA: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.

Hunter, W.S. (2004). Psychological Abstracts. Cambridge, UK: American

Psychological Association.

Innes, A., & McCabe, L. (2007). Evaluation in dementia care. Philadelphia,

PA: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.

Krishnamoorthy, E,S., Prince, M,J., & Cummings, J. L. (2010). Dementia: A

Global Approach. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press

Miller, C.A. (2009). Nursing for wellness in older adults. Philadelphia, PA:
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Nordenfelt, L. (2009). Dignity in Care for Older People. Hoboken, NJ: John
Wiley and Sons.

Park, E. (2012). An integrated ethical decision-making model for nurses.

Nursing Ethics. New Delhi, ND: SAGE Publications.

Parks, J.A. (2003). No place like home?: feminist ethics and home health
care. Mason, OH: Cengage Learning.

Pergert, P., & Lützén, K. (2012). Balancing truth-telling in the preservation

of hope : A relational ethics approach. Nursing. New Delhi, ND: SAGE
Publications

Rockwood, K., & Gauthier, S. (2006). Trial designs and outcomes in

dementia therapeutic research. Philadelphia, UK: Taylor & Francis

Solum, E. M., Maluwa, V. M., & Severinsson, E. (2012). Ethical problems in

practice as experienced by Malawian student nurses. Nursing Ethics. New
Delhi, ND: SAGE Publications.

Sugarman, J. (2000). 20 common problems ethics in primary care. NY:

McGraw-Hill Professional.
Woods, M. (2012). There is only narrative’ 1: Using case studies in nursing
ethics. Nursing Ethics., New Delhi, ND: Sage publications
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