GRADE – 10

PHYSICS ASSIGNMENT
LIGHT – REFLECTION AND REFRACTION

1. Both a spherical mirror and a thin spherical lens have a focal length of (-)15 cm. What type of
mirror and lens are these?
2. The image formed by a concave mirror is observed to be real, inverted and larger than the
object . Where is the object placed?
3. Sumati wanted to see the stars of the night sky. She knows that she needs a telescope to see
those distant stars. She finds out that the telescopes, which are made of lenses, are called
refracting telescopes and the ones which are made of mirrors are called reflecting telescopes.
So she decided to make a refracting telescope. She bought two lenses, L1 and L2. out of which
L1, was bigger and L₂ was smaller. The larger lens gathers and bends the light, while the
smaller lens magnifies the image. Big, thick lenses are more powerful. So to see far away, she
needed a big powerful lens. Unfortunately, she realized that a big lens is very heavy. Heavy
lenses are hard to make and difficult to hold in the right place. Also since the light is passing
through the lens, the surface of the lens has to be extremely smooth. Any flaws in the lens
will change the image. It would be like looking through a dirty window.

(i) Based on the diagram shown, what kind of lenses would Sumati need to make the
(a) Concave lenses. (b) Convex lenses (c) Bifocal lenses. (d) Flat lenses
(ii) If the powers of the lenses L1, and L2 are in the ratio of 4:1, what would be the ratio of the
focal length of L1, and L₂?
(a) 4:1 (b) 1:4. (c) 1:1 (d) 2:1
(iii) What is the formula for magnification obtained with a lens?
(a) Ratio of height of image to height of object
(b) Double the focal length.
(c) Inverse of the radius of curvature.
(d) Inverse of the object distance.
(iv) Sumati did some preliminary experiment with the lenses and found out that the
magnification of the eyepiece (L2) is 3. If in her experiment with L₂ she found an image at 24
cm from the lens, at what distance did she put the object?
(a) 72 cm. (b) 12cm. (c) 8cm (d) 6cm
(v) Sumati bought not-so-thick lenses for the telescope and polished them. What advantages,
if any, would she have with her choice of lenses?
(a) She will not have any advantage as even thicker lenses would give clearer images.
 (b) Thicker lenses would have made the telescope easier to handle.
(c) Not-so-thick lenses would not make the telescope very heavy and also allow considerable
amount of light to pass.
(d) Not-so-thick lenses will give her more magnification.
4. Analyse the following observation table showing variation of image-distance (v) with object-
distance (u) in case of a convex lens and answer the questions that follow without doing any
calculations:

(i) What is the focal length of the convex lens? Give reason to justify your answer.
(ii) Write the serial number of the observation which is not correct. On what basis have you
arrived at this conclusion?
(iii) Select an appropriate scale and draw a ray diagram for the observation at [Link].2. Also
find the approximate value of magnification.
5. An object is placed at a distance of 15cm from a concave lens of focal length 30cm. List four
characteristics of the image formed by the lens.
6. An optical device has been given to a student and he determines its focal length by focussing
the image of the sun on a screen placed 24 cm from the device on the same side of the sun.
(a) Name the optical device and (b) find its focal length.
7. An object 4cm in size is placed 25cm in front of a concave mirror of focal length 15cm. At
what distance from the mirror should a screen be placed in order to obtain a sharp image?
Find the size of the image.
8. The refractive index of diamond is 2.42. What is the meaning of this statement?
9. Refractive index of diamond with respect to glass is 1.6. If the absolute refractive index of
glass is 1.5, then what is the absolute refractive index of diamond?
10. The diagram below represents the path of a light ray from three different media A, B and C.
In which of the following media is the speed of light maximum?
11. Refractive index of turpentine oil, kerosene and alcohol are 1.47,1.44 and 1.36 respectively.

On the basis of this information, complete the following ray diagram to show path of ray of
light through each medium.
12. A 5 cm tall object is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a convex lens of focal
length18cm at a distance of 12cm from it. Use lens formula to determine the position, size
and nature of image formed.
13. The image of an object formed by a mirror is real, inverted and is of magnification -1. If the
image is at the distance of 30 cm from the mirror, where is the object placed? Find the
position of the image if the object is now moved 20 cm towards the mirror. What is the nature
of the image obtained? Justify your answer with the help of ray diagram.
14. The image of a candle flame placed at a distance of 30 cm from a mirror is formed on a
screen placed in front of the mirror at a distance of 60 cm from its pole. What is the nature of
the mirror? Find its focal length. If the height of the flame is 2.4 cm, find the height of its
image. State whether the image formed is erect or inverted.
15. A thin converging lens forms a
(a) real , magnified image. (b)Virtual , magnified image of an object placed in front of it.
Write the positions of the object in each case.
16. A student wants to project the image of candle flame on the wall of school laboratory by
using a lens:
(i) which type of lens should be used and why?
(ii) At which distance in term of focal length F of the lens should be placed the candle flame
so as to get (a) a magnified and (b) a diminished image respectively on the wall?
17. Complete the following ray diagram:
18. An object of height 5cm is placed 20cm in front of a concave mirror of focal length 15cm. At
what distance from the mirror should a screen be placed to obtain a sharp Image? Calculate the
size of the image formed.
19. What is the nature of the image formed by a concave mirror, if the magnification produced by
the mirror is +4?
20. One half of a convex lens of focal length 10 cm is covered with a black paper. Can such a lens
produce an image of a complete object placed at a distance of 30 cm from the lens? Draw a ray
diagram to justify your answer.
21. If an object of 10cm height is placed at a distance of 36 cm from a concave mirror of focal
length 12cm, find the position, nature and height of the image.
[Link] an object is placed at a distance of 15cm from a concave mirror, its image is formed at
10cm in front of the mirror. Calculate the focal length of the mirror.
23. An object 3cm high is placed at a distance of 10cm in front of a converging mirror of focal
length 20cm. Find the position, nature and size of the image formed.
24. A large concave mirror has a radius of curvature of 1.5m. A person stands 10m in front of the
mirror. Where is the person’s image?
25. How far should an object be placed from the pole of a converging mirror of focal length 20cm
to form a real image of the size exactly 1/4th the size of the object?
26. An object is kept at a distance of 5cm in front of a convex mirror of focal length 10cm.
Calculate the position and magnification of the image and state its nature.
27. An object is placed at a distance of 10cm from a convex mirror of focal length 5cm.
(i) Draw a ray – diagram showing the formation of image.
(ii) State two characteristics of the image formed.
(iii) Calculate the distance of the image from mirror.
28. An object placed 20cm in front of a mirror is found to have an image 15cm (a) in front of it, (b)
behind the mirror. Find the focal length of the mirror and the kind of mirror in each case.
29. An object is placed at a distance of 6cm from a convex mirror of focal length 12cm. Find the
position and nature of the image.
30. An arrow 2.5cm high is placed at a distance of 25cm from a diverging mirror of focal length
20cm. Find the position, nature and size of the image.
31. An object of 4cm high is placed at a distance of 10cm from a convex lens of focal length 20cm.
Find the position, nature and size of the image.
32. Calculate the focal length of a convex lens which produces a virtual image at a distance of
50cm of an object placed 20cm in front of it.
33. A convex lens produces an inverted image magnified three times of an object placed at a
distance of 15cm from it. Calculate the focal length of the lens.
34. An object placed 4cm in front of a converging lens produces a real image 12cm from the lens.
(i) What is the magnification of the image?
(ii) What is the focal length of the lens?
(iii) Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of image.
35. An object 5cm high is held 25cm away from a converging lens of focal length 10cm. Find the
position,nature and size of the image. Draw the ray diagram.
36. An object is placed at a distance of 4cm from a concave lens of focal length 12cm. Find the
position and nature of the image.
37. A concave lens of focal length 15cm forms an image 10cm from the lens. How far is the object
placed from the lens?
38. A concave lens of 20cm focal length forms an image 15cm from the lens. Compute the object
distance.
39. A 2cm tall object is placed 40cm from a diverging lens of focal length 15cm. Find the
position and size of the image.
40. An object is placed 20cm from (a) a converging lens and (b) a diverging lens of focal length
15cm. Calculate the image position and magnification in each case.
41. A student focused the image of a candle flame on a white screen by placing the flame at
various distances from a convex lens. He noted his observations as :

(a) From the above table, find the focal length of lens without using lens formula.
(b) Which set of observations is incorrect and why?
(c) In which case, the size of the object and image will be same? Give reason for your
answer.
42. A glass slab made of a material of refractive index n 1, is kept in a medium of refractive index
n2,. A light ray is incident on the slab. Complete the path of rays of light emerging from the
glass slab, if
(i) n₁> n₂ (ii) n₁=n₂ (iii) n₁<n₂
43. A concave lens made of a material of refractive index n1, is kept in a medium of refractive
index n2. A parallel beam of light is incident on the lens. Trace the path of rays of light
parallel to the principal axis incident on the concave lens after refraction when :
(i) n₁> n₂ (ii) n₁=n₂
44. Give reason for each.
(i) Water has a refractive index 1.33 and alcohol has refractive index 1.36. Which of the two
medium is optically denser ? Give reason for your answer. Draw a ray diagram to show the
path of a ray of light passing obliquely from water to alcohol.
(ii) The absolute refractive index of diamond is 2.42 and the absolute refractive index of glass
is 1.50. Find the refractive index of diamond with respect to glass.
45. Two convex lenses of focal lengths 10cm and 15cm are placed in contact with each other.
Calculate the focal length and the power of the combination of two lenses.
46. A convex lens of focal length 10cm is placed in contact with a concave lens of focal length
15cm. What os is the focal length and nature of the lens formed by the combination?
47. Mohan is performing an experiment with four different optical media, he traced the path of
light in different media A, B, C and D as below:
 (i) Which of the following media has maximum optical density?
(a) A. ( b) C. (c) D. (d) B
(ii) Through which media will speed of light be maximum?
(a) B. (b) C. (c) D. (d) A
(iii) Absolute refractive index of medium is maximum in:
(a) A. (b) B. (c) C. (d) D
(iv) Which is correct about absolute refractive index of medium?
(a) A>B. (b) C = B. ( c) D>A. ( d) A = C
(v) When a light travel from medium to D it will:
(a) Bend towards normal
(b) Bend away from normal
(c) Pass straight without bending
(d) Reflect back to medium A.
48. The diagram shows a dish antenna which is used to receive television signals from a satellite.
The antenna is fixed in front of the curved dish.

(a) What is the purpose of the dish?

(b) Should it be concave or convex?
(c) Where should the antenna be positioned to receive the strongest possible signals?
(d) Explain what change you would expect in the signals if a larger dish was used.
49. A man standing in front of a spherical mirror finds his image having a very small head, a fat
body and legs of normal size. What is the shape of:
(a) Top part of the mirror ?
(b) Middle part of the mirror ?
(c) Bottom part of the mirror ?
50. Two thin lenses of power + 3.5 D and -2.5 D are placed in contact with each other. Find the
power and focal length of the lens combination.