the workforce, there were 50,000 employees in this industry in 1970, and there seemed to be a

Đề 1: The maps show the changes in a library from 1975 to the present. corresponding decline in this figure as the total demand dropped over the years. With a steep dip
from 40,000 to just above 20,000 between 1980 and 1990, the number of the labour force hit its
trough of roughly 170,000 in 2000.
Đề 3: The table below shows the percentage of main types of dwelling in Victoria, the Nothern
Territory and Tasmania.

The plans illustrate the alterations in a library between 1975 and the present. Overall, the library
has been upgraded to facilitate more seating areas, along with additional self-service amenities.
Additionally, digital equipment was introduced.
In 1975, the entrance was at the top middle of the plan, with magazines and a new books section
being situated on its left and right, respectively. The open area on the left was dedicated to book
shelves and a study area with tables and chairs, while the one on the right was for librarians’
books. Along the lower wall, another book shelf was located in the lower left corner, whereas
children’s books were featured in the opposite corner. A restroom could be found in the bottom Gợi ý:
middle. Houses are the most preferred choice among citizens in these regions.
In the present, computers have replaced the magazines, while the area for new books has been Tasmania experienced a slight increase in house occupancy, rising from 88% to 89%, while
converted to a door for the disabled and a self check-in counter. The bookshelves in the left Victoria and the Northern Territory saw a decrease of 3% and 2% respectively.
centre have been repurposed to new books and two sofas, and the former study area has been The least favored type of dwelling differed in Victoria and Tasmania, but people in these areas
relocated next to the librarians’ books, with new tables added. A new book shelf was placed favored other types of accommodation the least. In Victoria, there was an increase from 1% to
along the lower right wall, and a new coffee machine was introduced beside the left wall. 2%, while in Tasmania, it decreased from 2% to 1%. Semi-attached houses ranked as the second-
Finally, the entrance and toilets remained in their original locations. favorite choice in all three regions. There was a marginal increase from 11% to 12% in Victoria,
from 13% to 15% in the Northern Territory, and from 3% to 4% in the other region.
Đề 2: The graphs show the changes in the UK industry steel between 1970 and 2000. (million
tonnes vs thousand). Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, Đề 4: The bar below shows the donation given to six different types of charity by one company
and make comparisons where relevant. from 2012 to 2014.

At the beginning of the period, the production of steel in the UK was the highest at around
The bar chart illustrates the amount of money a company donated to six charitable organizations
165,000 tonnes. Steel import, at this time, was nearly zero. Over a 30-year period, both total steel
from 2012 to 2014. Overall, donations to social welfare, health, wildlife, and arts increased
demand and production halved year-on-year, finishing at 100,000 tonnes for the former and
steadily over the period, while contributions to education and the environment varied. Social
approximately 80,000 tonnes for the latter. Meanwhile, the year of 2000 recorded a steady rise of
welfare consistently received the highest funding, whereas arts remained the least funded
75,000 tonnes in the import values, slightly lower than the production of steel. With respect to
category throughout.
In 2012, social welfare dominated the company’s charity spending, with $23 thousand allocated,
nearly triple the amount donated to education and environment, at approximately $8 thousand
each. Health received $6 thousand, while wildlife and arts received under $4 thousand, making
them the least funded sectors at the beginning of the period.
By 2013, donations given to social welfare had declined significantly, reaching $20 million,
before rebounding to $24 million in the final year. Education and environment also mirrored this
trend, as their respective figures dropped in 2013 but later recovered to 8 thousand and 7
thousand dollars by 2014. Meanwhile, donations to health and wildlife grew steadily throughout
the period, with health reaching $9 thousand and wildlife rising to $5 thousand by 2014.
Contributions to arts showed a more modest increase, growing slightly to $4 thousand,
maintaining its position as the least funded sector.
Đề 5: The charts give indoor about world forests in five different regions.

The picture compares the process by which small and large Venus Flytrap species optimize their
digestive enzymes to capture and digest prey. Overall, both species follow a similar three-step
process to hunt, starting with hairs being triggered and digestive enzymes only released after a
satisfactory catch has been confirmed.
In the case of the lesser Venus flytrap, when the prey comes into contact with the inside of the
mouth, it triggers the sensory hairs located there and forces the maw to spring shut, forming
a sealed enclosure. Following this, digestive enzymes are secreted, gradually breaking down the
prey. Once the nutrients from the digested prey have been absorbed, the trap reopens, ready for the
next catch.
Conversely, the plant’s larger counterpart operates slightly differently when catching minor insects.
The initial stage is similar, where the prey is detected after touching the plant’s sensors, causing the
trap’s lobes to snap shut. However, the larger gaps between the lobes and spikes mean the trap
cannot fully close and the target is only loosely secured. As a result, when the insect escapes, the
Venus flytrap opens again.
The pie charts describe the distribution of forests in five regions and their timber production.
Đề 7: The graphs below show the cinema attendants in Australia and the average cinema visits
As is shown in the first pie chart, Africa has the largest forest area, occupying 27% of the world by different age groups from 1996 to 2000. Summarise the information by selecting and
forests while the most modest forest coverage is found in Asia with only 14%. North America
reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
comes second in the list with their green zone amounting to a quarter of the world forest
followed quite distantly by Europe and South America with the percentages being 18% and 16%
respectively.
According to the second pie chart, the highest proportion of world timber is taken from North
American forests, which contribute 30% of the total global production. In contrast, the most
modest timber output is registered for Africa, at only9%. The figures for South America, Europe,
and Asia are 23%, 20% and 18% [Link] general, although North and South America
do not make up the majority of the forest area in the world, they produce more than 50% of the
total timber. Meanwhile, African forests are the most unproductive in the timber production
despite their large area.
Đề 6: The diagram shows how small and large Venus Flytrap species handle small prey to
optimize their use of digestive enzymes.
 to realise their aptitude for certain areas of expertise, encouraging them to pursue a job related to
their favourite subject in the future.
On the other hand, opponents consider devoting equal focus to all subjects is wiser due to several
reasons. Chief of these is that this approach provides a well-rounded education. By learning a
variety of subjects, teenagers can develop a broad knowledge base and a range of skills,
facilitating comprehensive development. To illustrate, logical thinking acquired during maths
lessons and critical thinking fostered by literature are prerequisites to fostering nuanced problem-
solving skills, allowing them to better tackle real-life difficulties they encounter. Another
appealing justification is that studying different subjects can help students identify their strengths
and weaknesses. Thus, they can develop critical thinking skills, promote their advantages and
improve on their disadvantages to become better versions of themselves.
In conclusion, although both viewpoints are justifiable, I contend that it is more crucial to place
emphasis on all subjects for comprehensive education and self-improvement. It is advisable that
teenagers should plan to allocate their time to different disciplines equally to become
knowledgeable, well-rounded individuals.
Đề 2: Some people say economic growth is the only way to end world poverty and hunger,
while others say economic growth is damaging the environment and must stop. Discuss both
views and give your own opinion.
The impact of economic development on the environment and society has been a topic of
The given graphs illustrate Australians’ cinema attendance according to age, frequency, and significant debate. While some argue that increasing wealth is essential to eliminate poverty and
percentage of the population. starvation, others maintain that economic activities harm the environment and should be
restricted. In this essay, I will discuss both sides of the argument and explain why I lean toward
Overall, throughout the four-year period, the number of average visits decreased, yet the
the former opinion.
percentage of movie-goers had a reverse pattern. In addition, all the age groups followed a
On the one hand, economic growth can lead to environmental degradation. The most prominent
similar fluctuating trend, in which elders aged 50 and above least favored the cinemas while reason is the exploitation of natural resources. For instance, the extraction of resources such as
people from 14 - 24 years old were the most fond. coal and petroleum often involves deforestation or drilling in sensitive ecosystems like coral
Regarding cinema visits of all age groups, at the start of the period, 62% of the population reefs, leading to the destruction of these environments. Additionally, manufacturing and trading
attended the movies. This figure then experienced a 10% growth in 1997, at which time it activities produce vast amounts of greenhouse gases, primarily from transportation, industrial
stabilized until 2000, despite a minimal drop to 70% in 1999. The frequency of movie-goers, processes, and the construction of economic facilities. A case in point is China, which emits
after a leap to 11.1 in 1997, witnessed a decline from 10.3 in 1996 to around 8.3 in the three last billions of tons of CO2 annually as a consequence of its economic boom. If this trend is not
years. reversed, climate change could worsen, rendering the Earth increasingly uninhabitable.
In regards to the cinema visits according to age groups, although this figure oscillated rapidly in On the other hand, economic growth plays a crucial role in alleviating food scarcity and poverty.
all the surveyed ages, the trends correlated throughout four years. All movie-goers visited the Regarding food security, increased wealth has enabled many countries to invest in advanced
movies 10 - 15 times in 1996 and 1998. In 1997 and 1999, this figure peaked twice at 16 - 21 farming techniques to address food shortages. In terms of poverty reduction, economic growth
typically generates more job opportunities. Vietnam, for instance, has attracted numerous
times before falling to 13 - 18 times in 2000.
multinational corporations to build factories within its borders. Over the past few decades, these
Task 2: Đề 1: Some people believe that teenagers should concentrate on all school subjects. factories have created millions of jobs, providing stable incomes for both workers and
Others believe that teenagers should focus on the subject that they are best at or that they find the professionals, lifting many people out of poverty.
most interesting. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
Đề 3: Today, there are many tasks at home or work that have been done by robots. Is this a
On the one hand, paying attention to their favourite subjects can be beneficial to students to some
positive or negative development？
extent. The first reason is that it can develop a passion for learning. More specifically, they are
motivated to explore in-depth knowledge about the subject in lieu of being unsatisfied if they are First and foremost, humans have consistently strived to create tools and devices that make their
forced to learn something they are not keen on. A student who struggles with maths might lives more convenient. Robots fulfil this objective remarkably well. For instance, some robots
become frustrated when attempting the assigned homework, and therefore approach other are programmed to clean and maintain a household, even in the absence of its occupants.
disciplines with a negative mindset, reducing their potential and outcomes in all parts of the Additionally, robots are now commonplace in various workplaces, such as supermarkets. They
curriculum. Therefore, enabling students to study their favourite disciples can act as a motive for provide basic information to customers, including the location of specific products, and can scan
them to reach their full potential and achieve better learning outcomes. Furthermore, this practice the store to collect data on out-of-stock items or inventory shortages. These tasks, if carried out
potentially helps adolescents identify their career interests. This is because they are more likely by humans, would require more time and higher expenses.
While some individuals argue that robots pose a threat to human employment, it is essential to On the one hand, homeschooling does provide certain advantages. Chief among these is that parents
remember that these machines are man-made creations. Although they may eventually replace have greater control over their children's learning experience. Homeschooling allows for a more tailored
certain jobs, they will also generate new opportunities, such as programming or maintaining approach, as parents can closely monitor their children's progress, identify specific strengths and
these machines. Furthermore, utilizing robots frees up time for individuals with busy schedules, weaknesses, and adjust the curriculum accordingly. This approach can be particularly advantageous for
allowing them to allocate this additional time to more rewarding activities like socializing, children with special learning needs, allowing them to learn at their own pace. For example, those who
struggle with attention deficits or other cognitive challenges can learn at home without the pressure of
reading, or engaging in sports. If people were to continue performing all tasks themselves, they
keeping up with a classroom setting. Meanwhile, some gifted students may be able to delve deeper into
would find life increasingly exhausting and challenging.
subjects they are passionate about when being homeschooled, whereas in a conventional school, the
Đề 4: The governments should spend money in promoting sport and art in school, rather than pace might be too slow for them.
sponsoring professional sports and art events in communities. Do you agree or disagree? However, despite these advantages, homeschooling comes with several significant disadvantages that
Some people believe that the government should focus its resources on encouraging the can hinder a child's overall development. The most critical issue is the lack of social interaction.
development of sports and art for school students, rather than supporting professional sports and Homeschooled children miss out on the daily interactions with peers that are essential for developing
art events. In my opinion, while both areas are important, I agree that the government should communication and teamwork skills. In contrast, traditional schools provide opportunities for children to
prioritize investing in sports and arts in schools. engage in group activities and extracurriculars, which help develop these crucial life skills. Another
On the one hand, it is important for the government to support professional sports and art events, problem worth mentioning is that not all parents have the pedagogical expertise to teach complex
as these can have a significant economic impact. Professional sports and art events can generate subjects effectively. Qualified teachers in schools, on the other hand, are trained to explain concepts in
tourism, create jobs, and stimulate local economies, which can ultimately benefit everyone. an engaging and accessible way, which many parents, despite their best intentions, may struggle to
replicate.
Moreover, supporting professional sports and art events can help to showcase a country's culture
and talents to the world, which can enhance its global reputation. For instance, some of the most Đề 7: It is not necessary for people to travel to other places to learn about the culture of other
popular festivals in the world attract hundreds of thousands of visitors to the locations each year, people. We can learn just as much from books, films, and the Internet. To what extent do you
generating millions of pounds for the local economy. agree or disagree with the statement? (used to do the similar)
On the other hand, it’s understandable why there are supporters of the idea that the government On the one hand, there are many sources from which everyone can learn about the culture of a
should focus on encouraging the development of sports and arts for school students. Firstly, it place without visiting there. Firstly, they can have more understanding of cultural traits of a region
can help to promote a healthy lifestyle among young people by encouraging them to engage in by reading books that include pictures and descriptions about that region’s culture, such as how
physical activity and creative pursuits. Secondly, it can foster teamwork, creativity, and they cook their local ingredients or greet foreigners. Documentary movies are also of great help as
confidence, all of which are important skills for future success. This can provide a sense of most of them provide the audience with sound effects, allowing learners to hear the locals’ voices
accomplishment and motivation for students, as well as opportunities to build social connections. and languages. On top of that, culture can be learned through the internet, on which people can
Đề 5: The natural resources such as oil, forests and fresh water are being consumed at an access a variety of video clips or articles published by various travellers, so learners can acquire
alarming rate. What problems does it cause? How can we solve these problems? more diverse information from different angles.
The extensive consumption of critical natural resources, such as oil, forests, and freshwaterwater, In conclusion, despite the ample source of information from books, movies and the internet, people
poses significant problems. These issues include environmental degradation and public health need to travel around to learn better about the culture of somewhere.
concerns. To reduce these risks, several solutions can be implemented. Governments should play Đề 8: If old people are no longer physically, mentally or financially able to support themselves, younger
family members should be legally responsible for supporting them. Do you agree or disagree?
a crucial role by establishing and enforcing regulations that promote sustainable resource use and
Presently, there is a growing debate regarding the obligation of younger family members towards their
address these challenges effectively. elderly relatives. While some argue in favor of a legal requirement for the youth to support older family
Firstly, the primary problem that might arise from this issue is environmental degradation. To members who are no longer capable of caring for themselves physically, mentally, or financially, others
explain, regarding forests, cutting down trees for agriculture and other uses such as making assert that this approach is unrealistic and counterproductive. Personally, I firmly support the latter
chairs and tables, leads to the loss and disruption of ecosystems and the death of living perspective for the following reasons.
organisms. In terms of consuming fresh water and oil, extracting water and oil from the ground Advocates for the implementation of laws mandating younger family members to assist their elderly
leads to the loss of the creature's homes. To tackle this issue, the government should implement relatives in times of need present valid arguments. They suggest that just as parents have a legal
regulations for resource use. For example, farmers should obtain approval before consuming responsibility to care for their children until they reach adulthood, it is justifiable to expect a similar
resources, and they should be required to use areas that are uninhabited by wildlife. reciprocity towards the elderly. However, I believe that enforcing such legislation could lead to a
Secondly, another problem is public health issues. To clarify, consuming natural resources can misunderstanding that fulfilling parental care responsibilities is a mere duty dictated by law rather than an
cause the cleanliness of nature. For example, utilizing the forests can lead to global warming and expression of genuine filial piety and affection. Consequently, this may result in mental distress, harm
air pollution, and extracting fresh water results in waterborne diseases. Therefore, respiratory their overall well-being, and strain family relationships.
problems and greenhouse gas emissions result from the usage of oil. To solve this issue, the Moreover, making it a legal requirement for younger family members to support the elderly might not be
practical. It is evident that each family's circumstances and capabilities vary significantly. Implementing
government should teach the farmers the right way to utilize and consume these resources to
such obligations could impose an excessive burden on young individuals who are already struggling
reduce the issues. financially and personally to support themselves, let alone others. Instead of placing this burden solely on
Đề 6: In some countries, there are number of parents who educate their children themselves at home the younger generation, society should consider enhancing government programs and community services
instead of sending them to school. Do the advantages of this outweigh the disadvantages? that cater to the needs of the elderly effectively.