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Laurence Math 2

The document provides a mathematical proof for the surface area of a surface of revolution formed by revolving a non-negative smooth function around the x-axis, expressed as an integral. It then applies this formula to find the surface area generated by revolving the function f(x) = √(1-x) over the interval [0, 2], resulting in a surface area of approximately 3.133 square units. Additionally, the document includes graphs of the functions discussed.

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mnkenilaurence
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4 views4 pages

Laurence Math 2

The document provides a mathematical proof for the surface area of a surface of revolution formed by revolving a non-negative smooth function around the x-axis, expressed as an integral. It then applies this formula to find the surface area generated by revolving the function f(x) = √(1-x) over the interval [0, 2], resulting in a surface area of approximately 3.133 square units. Additionally, the document includes graphs of the functions discussed.

Uploaded by

mnkenilaurence
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

1.

Let f(x) be a non-negative smooth function over the interval


[a, b].
Then, prove that surface area of the surface of revolution
formed by
revolving the graph of around the x-axis is given by:
b

Surface area=∫ 2 πf ¿¿
a

Solution.
Step1. To revolve a small segment about x axis.
When a small part of the curve between x and x+∆ x is revolved
it forms a frustrum of a cone.
Lateral surface area of small frustrum;
Lateral area=2 π ( radius ) × ( slant length )
Step2. To compute the slant length.
Slant length=√ ¿ ¿
Slant length=∆ x √1+ ¿ ¿
Slant length=∆ x √1+ ¿ ¿ dx
[Link] write the differential area element.
dA=2 πf (x) √ 1+ ¿ ¿ dx
[Link] sum all small surface elements and take limit as
∆ x →0 :

S=lim ¿∆ x→ 0 ∑ 2 πf (x i ¿ ) √1+¿ ¿ ¿ ¿ dx
b

S=∫ 2 πf (x) √ 1+ ¿ ¿ ¿
a

Hence proven
1
[ ]
2. let f(x)=√ 1−x over the interval 0 , 2 . Find the surface area of
the surface generated by revolving the graph of f(x) around
the x-axis
Round the answer to three decimal places.
Solution.
Step1: To compute the derivative
f ( x )=¿
−1 1 −1
f ( x )= (1-x 2 ∙ (-1)
2 ¿

−1 −1
f ( x )=
2 √ 1−x

Step2: To compute intergrand


1
( f −1 ( x) ¿2= 4 (1−x )

1
1+ ( f −1 (x)¿2=1+ 4 (1−x )

1 5−4 x
1+ 4 (1−x ) = 4 (1−x )

2 πf (x) √ 1+ ¿ ¿=2 π √1−x ∙


√ 5−4 x
4(1−x)

2 π √1−x ∙
√ 5−4 x
4(1−x)
= π √5−4 x

∴2 πf (x) √ 1+ ¿ ¿= π √ 5−4 x

Step3: To intergrate.
b

From the formula: S=∫ 2 πf (x) √ 1+ ¿ ¿ ¿ dx


a

To substitute the values calculated from the above.


1
2
S=∫ π √ 5−4 x dx
0
Let u=5-4x,
Then; du=-4dx
1
dx¿− 4 dx

when
x=0→u=5.
1
x= 2 →u=3.
3
1
S= π ∫ √u ∙ (- 4 du ¿
5

5
π
S= ∫ √u du
4 3

Step4. To evaluate the intergral.


3

∫ √u du= 2 u 2 3

[ ]
3
S= π ∙ 2 u 2 5
4 3 3

Step5:to exact and decimal.


π
S= 6 ¿ -3√ 3)

S=3.133m2
∴ the surface areaof the surface generated by revolving graph of f ( x ) =3.133 square units
2. THE GRAPH OF F(X)=1+X^0.5 FROM INTERVAL OF
(1,0.5)

x - -0.4 - - - 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5


0.5 0.3 0.2 0.1
f (x)=√ 1−x 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7
2 8 4 9 5 5 9 4 7 1

THE GRAPH OF F(X)=1+X^0.5 FROM INTERVAL OF (1,0.5)

1.4

1.2

1
F(X)=1=X^0.5

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
-0.5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5
X

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