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Tutorial 8

This document is a problem set from the Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur focusing on reflection and transmission in the physics of waves. It includes various problems related to electromagnetic waves in different media, calculating dielectric constants, reflection and refraction angles, transmission coefficients, and the effects of different materials on light propagation. The problems require applying boundary conditions and understanding the relationships between electric and magnetic fields in multiple mediums.

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7 views2 pages

Tutorial 8

This document is a problem set from the Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur focusing on reflection and transmission in the physics of waves. It includes various problems related to electromagnetic waves in different media, calculating dielectric constants, reflection and refraction angles, transmission coefficients, and the effects of different materials on light propagation. The problems require applying boundary conditions and understanding the relationships between electric and magnetic fields in multiple mediums.

Uploaded by

samarthakgp
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

Problem Set 8 on Reflection and Transmission, Physics of Waves 2025 (Autumn)

1. (a) An electromagnetic wave is propagating in a dielectric medium and the elec-


tric field is given by
h √ i
⃗ = E0 (x̂ + Aẑ) exp ik0 (−ct + (x + 3z))
E

Calculate the dielectric constant of the medium and the value of A.


(b) An EM wave is incident in air from a dielectric medium of ϵr = 4 and µr =
1 (assume the interface is the x-y plane). The magnetic field of dielectric
medium is given by,
h √ i
⃗
H = H0 cos ωt − k(x + 3z) ŷ

Find out the angle of reflection and refraction.

2. The index of refraction of a diamond is 2.42 for the air/diamond interface. Assume
µ1 = µ2 = µ0 . For normal incidence, calculate

(a) the ratio between the reflected and incident amplitudes


(b) the ratio between the transmitted and incident amplitudes

3. Light of (angular) frequency ω passes from medium 1, through a slab (thickness


d) of medium 2, and into medium 3 (for instance, from water through glass into
air).

(a) Assuming all three mediums are linear and homogenous with permeability
µ1 = µ2 = µ3 = µ0 , write the electric and magnetic field in the regions:
i. In medium 1
ii. In medium 2
iii. In medium 3
(b) Apply the proper boundary conditions at the interfaces and find the rela-
tions between different components of electric and magnetic field in different
medium.

4. Using the relations between electric and magnetic fields in the previous problem
(3), show that the transmission coefficient for normal incidence comes out to be:

(n21 − n22 )(n23 − n22 ) 2 n2 ωd


  
−1 1 2
T = (n1 + n3 ) + sin
4n1 n3 n22 c

5. A microwave antenna radiating at 10 GHz is to be protected from the environment


by a plastic shield of dielectric constant 2.5. What is the minimum thickness of
this shielding that will allow perfect transmission (assuming normal incidence)?
[Hint: Use previous result]
6. Light from an aquarium goes from water (n = 43 ) through a plane of glass (n =
3
2
) into air (n = 1). Assuming it’s a monochromatic plane wave and that it
strikes the glass at normal incidence, find the minimum and maximum transmission
coefficients. You can see the fish clearly; how well can it see you?

7. (a) Draw a graph of θt versus θi for an air-glass boundary where the index of
refraction of glass is ng = 1.5.
(b) A glass prism whose cross section is an isosceles triangle stands with its
(horizontal) base in water; the angles which its two equal sides make with
the base are each equal to θ (see Figure 1.). An incident ray of light, above
and parallel to the water surface and perpendicular to the prism’s axis, is
internally reflected at the glass-water interface and subsequently re-emerges
into the air. Taking the refractive indices of glass and water to be 23 and 43
show that θ must be atleast 25.9 degree.

Figure 1: Figure for Problem 7(b)

Page 2

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