REPORTED SPEECH
When we report what someone else has said, instead of quoting
their exact words, we use Reported Speech (Indirect Speech).
Example-Ramesh said, ‘I am doing my homework now’.
-Ramesh said that he was doing his homework then.
Rules To Follow
[Link] OD PRONOUNS
according to the subject of reporting verb and sense of the sentence
[Link] OF TENSES
If the reporting verb is in past tense, the tense of the reported part
usually changes
DIRECT SPEECH INDIRECT SPEECH
SIMPLE PRESENT SIMPLE PAST
PRESENT CONTINUOUS PAST CONTINUOUS
PRESENT PERFECT PAST PERFECT
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
SIMPLE PAST PAST PERFECT
PAST CONTINUOUS PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
PAST PERFECT (no change)
FUTURE (Will) would
Shall should
Can could
May might
[Link] OF TIME AND PLACE WORDS
NOW→THEN
TODAY→THAT DAY
TOMORROW→THE NEXT DAY/FOLLOWING DAY
YESTERDAY→THE PREVIOUS DAY/THE DAY BEFORE
HERE→THERE
THIS→THAT
THESE→THOSE
AGO→BEFORE
[Link] OF REPORTED SPEECH
1.(STATEMENTS AND QUESTIONS)
STATEMENTS (DECLARATIVE SENTENCES)
a) She said, ‘I like coffee’.
She said that she liked coffee.
2. QUESTIONS (INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES)
-If it is a ‘wh’-question, use the same question word.
-If it’s a yes/no question, use if/whether.
a) He said to me, ‘Where are you going?’
He asked me where I was going.
b) She said, ‘Are you coming?’
She asked if I was coming.
NOTE: If
the reporting verb is in present or future tense, no tense change
happens.
- He says, ‘I am tired’.
→ He says that he is tired.
Read the conversation given below and complete the paragraph
Matron: what’s the matter with you John?
John: I have a severe pain on the right side of my stomach.
Matron: Have you been eating?
John: I haven’t eaten a morsel since morning.
Matron: Come, lie down, I will call the doctor now.
Seeing John standing at the entrance of the door, the matron
asked (a)___________. John replied that(b)____________on the
right side of his stomach. The matron inquired if he had
overeaten. He replied (c)__________a morsel since morning.
The matron asked(d)_______and that she (e)___________.
2. Shopkeeper: Can I help you?
Customer: Yes
Shopkeeper: What do you want to buy?
Customer: I want to buy a pair of sports shoes.
Shopkeeper: I have just the right pair for you. Try these
please.
Customer: Oh, these shoes are so nice. I’ll buy them.
The shopkeeper asked the customer if (a)__________.The
customer (b)__________. The shopkeeper then asked the
customer what (c)_______. The customer said that
(d)_______shoes.
The shopkeeper said that he had just the (e)________and
requested him to try them. The customer said that the shoes were
very nice and that he (f)_________.
Ravi asked Neha if_____________
Neha replied that_______and asked__________.
Ravi said that_________and asked_________.
Neha assured him that_____________
Ravi said that it____________and that they needed________.
Ravi thanked her and also asked if____________
Neha said that the principal ___________.
2.(COMMANDS AND REQUESTS)
When we change commands, requests, advice, suggestions etc
-the reporting verb and structure change.
(Commands/orders-ordered, commanded, told
Requests -requested, entreated, implored, begged,asked
Advice/suggestions-advised, suggested, urged
Prohibition-ordered not to, forbade)
RULES TO FOLLOW
[Link] quotation marks
[Link] infinitive (to+verb) instead of imperative form
-He said, ‘Open the door’.
-He ordered me to open the door.
[Link] commands use (not to +verb)
-She said, ‘Do not run’
-She forbade me to run.
[Link] and time words change as usual
[Link] verbs are chosen according to the sense (order, request, advice, etc)
Fill in the blanks
She said to me, ‘Please lend me your book.’
-She _______me ________lend her my book.
(requested, to)
Answer option C
Change the conversation into Indirect speech.
The father_________ to wake up early in the morning, to revise
his notes, and forbade him _________on his phone. He also
_________his books in oeder and asked him ________him if he
had any doubts.
The son __________for half an hour [Link]
__________studyseriously after that and also requested him to
help him in solving the maths problems.
The father ___________and forbade his son to delay
[Link] _________he must start [Link] ________drink
some milk, take a short walk, and then begin his revision.
The son____________he would do as his father [Link] also
__________be angry with him.
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