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Pol Sci Revision Notes

The document discusses various aspects of globalization, including its definition, features, and political, economic, and cultural dimensions, as well as resistance movements. It also covers recent developments in Indian politics, challenges to the Congress system, and issues related to nation-building, including regional aspirations and external relations. Key themes include the rise of the BJP, the impact of historical events on democracy, and the complexities of India's political landscape.

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Mantasha Naseer
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2 views2 pages

Pol Sci Revision Notes

The document discusses various aspects of globalization, including its definition, features, and political, economic, and cultural dimensions, as well as resistance movements. It also covers recent developments in Indian politics, challenges to the Congress system, and issues related to nation-building, including regional aspirations and external relations. Key themes include the rise of the BJP, the impact of historical events on democracy, and the complexities of India's political landscape.

Uploaded by

Mantasha Naseer
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Globalisation (Contemporary World Politics)

- Definition: Interconnection of economies, societies, politics.


- Features: free flow of goods, capital, ideas, technology, labour.
- Political dimension: WTO, IMF, UN – sovereignty challenge.
- Economic: LPG reforms 1991, role of MNCs, WTO, inequality.
- Cultural: McDonaldisation, K-pop, Bollywood fusion, fear of homogenisation.
- Resistance: Anti-WTO protests, demand for ‘globalisation with a human face’.
- Cartoons: WTO giant vs farmers; Fast-food MNCs spreading; Web of global rules.

Recent Developments in Indian Politics


- Coalition era after 1989, instability then UPA (2004-14), NDA (2014 onwards).
- Rise of BJP as dominant force, decline of Congress.
- Mandal issue, rise of OBC politics, Dalit assertion.
- Movements: anti-corruption (Anna Hazare 2011), RTI.
- Cartoons: Political leaders juggling allies; corruption satire; voters questioning promises.

Regional Aspirations
- Demand for statehood (Telangana, Jharkhand, Uttarakhand).
- Insurgencies in Northeast, Kashmir issue.
- Punjabi Suba & Khalistan demand.
- Peace accords: Assam, Mizoram, Punjab.
- Cartoons: Regional leaders demanding attention; Centre balancing unity/diversity.

Challenges to Restoration of Congress System


- Post-1967: Decline of Congress dominance.
- 1969 split: Indira vs Syndicate → Congress (R).
- Indira’s populist slogan: ‘Garibi Hatao’.
- 1971 war victory, Bangladesh creation.
- Cartoons: Indira vs Old Congress; Garibi Hatao posters satirised.

Crisis of Democratic Order


- 1975-77 Emergency imposed by Indira Gandhi.
- Reasons: JP Movement, court verdict against Indira.
- Impact: suspension of fundamental rights, press censorship.
- 1977 elections – first defeat of Congress, Janata govt formed.
- Cartoons: Democracy chained; Indira controlling judiciary/media.

Challenges of Nation-Building
- Partition trauma, refugee resettlement.
- Integration of princely states (Sardar Patel).
- Linguistic reorganisation of states (1956).
- Kashmir issue, wars with Pakistan (1947, 1965).
- Cartoons: Map of India stitched together; language protests.
One-Party Dominance
- Congress dominance 1947–67.
- Reasons: charismatic leadership (Nehru), organisational strength.
- Opposition weak, fragmented.
- Challenges: 1967 elections broke monopoly.
- Cartoons: Congress as elephant vs tiny opposition parties.

Politics of Planned Development


- Planning Commission set up 1950.
- Nehruvian model: mixed economy, heavy industry.
- Green Revolution (1960s) – regional disparities.
- Criticism: bureaucratic, licence raj.
- Cartoons: Bureaucrats planning while people wait; farmers and tractors.

India’s External Relations


- Non-Aligned Movement – Nehru’s policy.
- Indo-China conflict (1962), Indo-Pak wars (1965, 1971).
- India-USSR Treaty 1971, tilt towards Russia.
- Post-1991: Liberalisation, closer ties with US, Look East policy.
- Cartoons: India balancing USA & USSR; NAM as tightrope walk.

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