14-Jan-25

nhs734045
Introduce with
Steel Members

Md. Nazmul Hasan

BSc in Civil Engineering
Project Manager, Dzignscape

Steel Structure

Definition
A steel building is a metal structure fabricated with steel for the internal support and
for exterior cladding, as opposed to steel framed buildings which generally use other
materials for floors, walls, and external envelope.

Advantages
• Higher strength • No need for temporary support
• Lightweight • More floor space
• Economical • Reuse value
• Fast Construction
• Easy Repair
• High Quality
• Low construction cost
• No need framework

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

Whatsapp:01746113366

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 14-Jan-25

Steel Structure
Type of Structure

Multi-storied Steel Shed Truss

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

Whatsapp:01746113366

Steel Structure
Type of Manufacturing
• Hot rolled
• Cold formed

Hot rolled

Steel sections (angles, channels, I-sections, etc.) which are formed, while in a semi-molten state
at the steel mill, into a shape having standard dimensions and properties specified by relevant
standard specifications.

Cold Formed

A light gauge structural member produced from coiled steel stock running through a series of
rolls at normal room temperatures.

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

Whatsapp:01746113366

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Steel Structure

Cold Formed Hot rolled Cold Formed

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

Whatsapp:01746113366

Angle
A hot rolled member with two legs forming a 90⸰ angle.

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

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“C” & “Z” Section

A member formed into a “C” / “Z” shaped profile by cold roll-forming from coils.

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

Whatsapp:01746113366

Anchor Bolt
Anchor bolts are fasteners used to attach
structural and non-structural elements to conc
rete. They ensure stability and load transfer
for steel structures, equipment, or building
frames.

Key Features:
- Made of steel (mild or stainless).
- Shapes: Straight, L-shaped, or J-shaped.
- Types: Cast-in-place, Post-installed (e.g., w
edge or chemical anchors).

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

Whatsapp:01746113366

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Anchor Bolt
Key Standards for Anchor Bolts

Bangladesh uses international standards for anchor bolts:

1. ASTM Standards:
- ASTM A307: Carbon steel bolts.
- ASTM F1554: Anchor bolt grades (36, 55, 105).
- ASTM A325/A490: High-strength structural bolts.

2. British Standards (BS 5950): Structural use of steel in bu

ildings.

3. ISO Standards (ISO 898): Mechanical properties of faste

ners.

4. Local Adaptations:
- Based on ACI 318 guidelines for structural concrete.

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

Whatsapp:01746113366

Anchor Bolt
Applications and practices:

Materials Used: High-strength steel with anti-corrosion coatings.

Common Sizes: M20, M24, M 30 for medium to heavy-duty structures.
Applications: Widely used in industrial steel sheds/ buildings, bridges,
towers, and foundation systems.

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

Whatsapp:01746113366

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Anchor Bolt Plan

A plan view of a building(s) foundations showing all dimensions and sections required to properly
locate the anchor bolts, including the projections of the bolts above the concrete surface,
required recess, etc. Column reactions (magnitude and direction), and base plate dimensions are
also included.

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

Whatsapp:01746113366

Base Plate
Base Plate:
• A flat steel plate is attached to the base of a column or
structural member.
• Distributes column load over a larger area for stability.
• Ensures minimal stress on the foundation.

Key Features:
• Load Distribution: Transfers loads to the foundation.
• Materials: Typically made from structural-grade steel
(e.g., ASTM A36, A572).
Design Elements:
• Size and thickness depend on load and foundation.
• Holes for anchor bolts.
• Uses non-shrink grout for uniform contact.

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

Whatsapp:01746113366

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Standards for Base Plates

1. AISC (American Institute of Steel Construction):
• AISC 360: Specifications for structural steel
buildings.
• Steel Construction Manual for base plate design.

2. ASTM Standards:
• ASTM A36: Common structural steel.
• ASTM A572: High-strength, low-alloy steel.
• ASTM A992: High-strength steel for specific use.
3. BS (British Standards):
• BS 5950: Structural steelwork standards.
4. Eurocode (Optional):
• EN 1993 (Eurocode 3) for steel structures.
5. Local Standards:
• BNBC (Bangladesh National Building Code) for
specific local conditions.

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

Whatsapp:01746113366

Base Plates
Common Applications:
• Industrial sheds, buildings, and towers.
• Machinery or equipment support structures.
Typical Materials:
• ASTM A36 for general construction.
• ASTM A572 for higher strength applications.
Design Practices:
• Base plate dimensions are based on column load and foundation strength.
• Use of non-shrink grout for better load distribution.

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

Whatsapp:01746113366

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 14-Jan-25

Steel Column

A vertical structural member used in a building to transfer loads from the

main roof beams, trusses or rafters to the foundation.

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

Whatsapp:01746113366

Steel Beam

A horizontal structural member is designed primarily

to resist moments.

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

Whatsapp:01746113366

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Steel Rafter

A rafter is one of a series of sloped structural members such as

steel beams that extend from the ridge to the column top

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

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Joist
A horizontal member for supporting the decking of floors or roofs.

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

Whatsapp:01746113366

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Bay

The space between the center lines of frames or

primary supporting members in the longitudinal
direction of the building. Also called Bay Spacing or
Bay Length.

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

Whatsapp:01746113366

Clear Height & Clear span

Clear Height: The vertical dimension from the finished floor level to the low
est underside point of the rafter.

Clear Span: A building without internal columns.

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

Whatsapp:01746113366

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Eave Height
The vertical dimension from the finished floor level to the top of the eave strut.

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

Whatsapp:01746113366

Brace Rods/Cables

Rods or cables are placed diagonally in the roof and

walls for the purpose of transferring wind loads to the
foundations and longitudinally stabilizing the building.

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

Whatsapp:01746113366

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Cables
Used for cable bracing. Can also be used to operate ridge vent dampers and
for temporary bracing. See Brace Cables

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

Whatsapp:01746113366

End Plate
The End plate of a structural member which usually rests against a similar end
plate of another member to form a moment-resistingg connection. Also called
Splice Plate, Butt Plate, Joint Plate, or Cap Plate.

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

Whatsapp:01746113366

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Bracket
A structural support projecting from a column or rafter to which another structural
member is fastened. Example: Brackets supporting crane runway beams.

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

Whatsapp:01746113366

Crane
Crane: A machine designed to lift and/or move material by means of a hoist.

Crane Bracket: Structural support welded to the primary building frame to permit
attachment of a crane runway beam. See also Bracket.

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

Whatsapp:01746113366

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Crane
Crane Beam: A beam that supports an overhead traveling bridge crane. On
underhung bridge cranes, it also acts as a crane rail. Also known as a Crane Runway
Beam.

Crane Rail: Rail welded or bolted to a crane beam forming the track on which the
bridge crane wheels travel.

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

Whatsapp:01746113366

Canopy
An overhanging or projecting roof structure, below the eave level, supported
at one end only.

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

Whatsapp:01746113366

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Checkered Plate
Flat hot rolled plate with raised checkered design to prevent slipping; used for
industrial equipment platforms, catwalks, stair treads, etc.

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

Whatsapp:01746113366

Clip
A plate or angle used to fasten two or more members together.

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

Whatsapp:01746113366

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Corner Column
A column at any corner of a building. Corner columns may be primary rigid frame
columns or post-and beam columns.

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

Whatsapp:01746113366

Eave Strut
A structural member, located at the eave, used for supporting the roof panels
and the wall panels.

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

Whatsapp:01746113366

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 14-Jan-25

Eave Strut
A structural member, located at the eave, used for supporting the roof panels
and the wall panels.

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

Whatsapp:01746113366

Eave Gutter
Gutter at the eave of a building.

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

Whatsapp:01746113366

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Downspout
Cold-formed sheet metal section used to carry water from the gutter of a building
to the ground or storm drainage system.

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

Whatsapp:01746113366

End Wall
A term used to describe the entire composition of a building end. See Post &
Beam Endwall or Rigid Frame Endwall.

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

Whatsapp:01746113366

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Gutter
Pre-formed light gauge metal channel at the roof, along the side walls, or in
valleys of multi-gabled roofs for the collection of rainwater.

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

Whatsapp:01746113366

Jack Beam
A primary horizontal member used to support another beam, truss or rafter.

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

Whatsapp:01746113366

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Hair Pin
Reinforcement bars used in distributing forces from the column foundation t
o the floor slab.

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

Whatsapp:01746113366

Mezzanine
An intermediate floor within a building above the ground floor that occupies
all or part of the building floor area and consists of columns, beams, joists, d
eck panels and edge trims to receive reinforced concrete.

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

Whatsapp:01746113366

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 14-Jan-25

Md. Nazmul Hasan, BSc in Civil Engineering, Project Manager, Dzignscape

Whatsapp:01746113366

21