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Tutorial 9

This tutorial focuses on analyzing the flow of power law and Bingham fluids over an inclined plane and through an annulus formed by two concentric cylinders. It involves deriving velocity profiles and volumetric flow rates under specific conditions while neglecting fluid inertia. The tutorial also prompts for the relationship between yield stress, inclination angle, and film thickness, as well as the maximum velocity of the fluid.

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4 views1 page

Tutorial 9

This tutorial focuses on analyzing the flow of power law and Bingham fluids over an inclined plane and through an annulus formed by two concentric cylinders. It involves deriving velocity profiles and volumetric flow rates under specific conditions while neglecting fluid inertia. The tutorial also prompts for the relationship between yield stress, inclination angle, and film thickness, as well as the maximum velocity of the fluid.

Uploaded by

kartik10984agrawal
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Tutorial 9 - CLL110B

1. In tutorial 6 we solved the problem of a steady falling film of a Newtonian viscous


incompressible fluid over an inclined plane using the equations of motions. We now
consider the same problem for a power law fluid. In this case, however, the starting point
is the Cauchy equations:
𝜕𝒗
𝜌 ( + 𝒗 ⋅ 𝛁𝒗) = −𝛁 ⋅ 𝛕 + 𝜌𝒈
𝜕𝑡
Use the below schematic as a reference. Consider a coordinate system such that the
positive 𝑥-axis is along the downward incline, 𝑦-axis is orthogonal to it with the incline plane
at 𝑦 = 𝛿 and the free surface of the liquid at 𝑦 = 0. Solve for only the 𝑥 momentum balance
and obtain the fluid velocity profile when fluid inertia is negligible. Given the 2D nature of the
problem, you may forgo any dependence on 𝑧-axis. A power law fluid has the following
𝑑𝑣
relationship between the stress and the velocity gradient: 𝜏 = −𝜇(𝛾̇ ) 𝑥 , where 𝜇(𝛾̇ ) =
𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑣 𝑛−1
𝑚 | 𝑑 𝑦𝑥| . Obtain the expression for the volumetric flow rate per unit depth of the fluid.

2. Solve the above question for a Bhingham fluid, which obeys the constitutive equation:
𝑑𝑣 𝑑𝑣 𝜏
𝜏 = −𝜇(𝛾̇ ) 𝑥 , where 𝜇(𝛾̇ ) = ∞ (𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = 0) ; 𝜏 ≤ 𝜏0 and 𝜇(𝛾̇ ) = 𝜇0 + 𝑑𝑣0𝑥 ; 𝜏 ≥ 𝜏0 .
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 |𝑑 𝑦|
Here, 𝜏0 is the yield stress specified for a Bingham fluid.
𝑑𝑣
a) For the choice of the coordinate system, is 𝑑 𝑦𝑥 > 0 or < 0?
b) Obtain the velocity profile when the fluid exhibits yielding character at a height
2𝛿
𝐻 = 3 above the inclined plane.
c) How is the yield stress 𝜏0 related to inclination angle 𝛼 and film thickness 𝛿?
d) What is the maximum velocity of the fluid, and where?
e) Plot the velocity profile.
N.B. Use the same coordinate system as used in the above problem.

3. In the flow through annulus between two vertically oriented concentric cylinders, where the
outer cylinder is rotating with an angular velocity Ω and inner cylinder is stationary, assume
that the intervening fluid is a power-law fluid. Obtain the velocity profile, assuming that fluid
inertia is negligible – that is the left-hand side of the Cauchy equations written in Q1 is 0.
Assume that 𝑣𝑟 = 𝑣𝑧 = 0, pressure 𝑃 ≠ 𝑃(𝜃), and 𝑣𝜃 = 𝑣𝜃 (𝑟). You’ll first need to write
down the relevant stress equation from appendix B5. In what limit do you get the
expression for the Newtonian fluid – show it explicitly?

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